Nicotine induces disinhibitory behavior in the rat after subchronic peripheral nicotinic acetylcholine receptor blockade
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of subchronic nicotine, mecamylamine and hexamethonium, alone or in combinations, on locomotor activity and behavioral inhibition. Rats were divided into groups and tested for locomotor activity after acute nicotine. The different groups received vehicle, nicotine, mecamylamine, mecamylamine+nicotine, hexamethonium (two different concentrations) and hexamethonium+nicotine injections once a day for 15 days after which they were tested for nicotine-induced locomotor activity again. Acutely, nicotine stimulated locomotor activity, and repeated daily nicotine or hexamethonium+nicotine administration sensitized the animals to this nicotine-induced locomotor stimulation (locomotor sensitization). Mecamylamine administered subchronically in combination with nicotine was able to block the induction to locomotor sensitization to nicotine. None of the nicotinic receptor antagonists induced locomotor sensitization to nicotine by themselves. In the elevated plus-maze, subchronic nicotine treatment demonstrated a nicotine-induced behavioral disinhibition, measured as an increase of time spent in and entries made into open arms. In contrast to the findings regarding locomotor sensitization, none of the antagonists counteracted the induction of this nicotine-induced behavioral disinhibition after subchronic co-treatment with nicotine. In addition, both antagonists by themselves produced a similar effect as subchronic nicotine, i.e. promoted the development of nicotine-induced disinhibitory behavior. It was concluded that the induction of locomotor sensitization to nicotine involves stimulation of central nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, whereas the development of nicotine-induced behavioral disinhibition involves blockade of peripheral nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and that the latter, but not the former, phenomenon from a pharmacological point of view appears to be related to the increased ethanol consummatory behavior observed after subchronic nicotine administration.
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The anxiogenic effects of nicotine withdrawal are reversed by acute nicotine challenge.
“The anxiogenic effects of nicotine withdrawal have also been shown to be reversed by acute nicotine challenge (Ericson et al., 2000).”
From Nicotine addiction and psychiatric disorders (2015) · cites this paper as Ericson et al., 2000
Studies finding anxiogenic effects of nicotine used male hooded Lister rats, whereas studies showing anxiolytic effects used male Wistar rats or CD1 mice.
“both Irvine et al. (1999, 2001) and Ouagazzal et al. (1999) studies, which found that nicotine has an anxiogenic effect, used male hooded Lister rats, whereas other studies showing anxiolytic effects of nicotine (Ericson et al., 2000; O’Neill & Brioni, 1994) used male Wistar rats or CD1 mice.”
From Nicotine addiction and psychiatric disorders (2015) · cites this paper as Ericson et al., 2000
Subcutaneous acute nicotine at 0.35 mg/kg significantly increased open arm duration in rats.
“Ericson et al. (2000) found that subcutaneous acute nicotine administration (0.35 mg/kg) significantly increased open arm duration in rats.”
From Nicotine addiction and psychiatric disorders (2015) · cites this paper as Ericson et al. (2000)
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- Authors
- Ericson, M., Olausson, P., Engel, J. A., & Söderpalm, B.
- Affiliations
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Venue
- European Journal of Pharmacology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2000-05
- Volume
- 397
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 103-111
- ISSN
- 0014-2999 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1993175254
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Journal of Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Keywords
- nicotine, locomotor sensitization, behavioral disinhibition, nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, mecamylamine, hexamethonium, locomotor activity, elevated plus maze
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Male, Mecamylamine, Motor Activity, Nicotine, Receptors, Nicotinic, Rats, Wistar, Peripheral Nervous System, Nicotinic Antagonists, Hexamethonium, Maze Learning, Rats
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