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Cited by 81Bone health and osteoporosis researchBone fractures and treatmentsElasticity and Material Modeling

The role of the lamellar interface during torsional yielding of human cortical bone

Jepsen, Karl J., Davy, Dwight T., Krzypow, David J.·1999·Journal of Biomechanics
DOI 10.1016/s0021-9290(98)00179-1
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Abstract

Fragility fractures are a result of alterations in bone quantity, tissue properties, applied loads, or a combination of these factors. The current study addresses the contribution of cortical bone tissue properties to skeletal fragility by characterizing the shear damage accumulation processes which occur during torsional yielding in normal bone. Samples of human femoral cortical bone were loaded in torsion and damaged at a post-yield twist level. The number of microcracks within osteons, interstitial tissue, and along cement lines were assessed using basic fuchsin staining. Damage density measures (number of cracks/mm2) were correlated with stiffness degradation and changes in relaxation. Damaged samples exhibited a wide variation in total microcrack density, ranging from 1.1 to 43.3 cracks/mm2 with a mean density of 19.7 +/- 9.8 cracks/mm2. Lamellar interface cracks comprised more than 75% of the total damage, indicating that the lamellar interface is weak in shear and is a principal site of shear damage accumulation. Damage density was positively correlated with secant stiffness degradation, but only explained 22% of the variability in degradation. In contrast, damage density was uncorrelated with the changes in relaxation, indicating that a simple crack counting measure such as microcrack density was not an appropriate measure of relaxation degradation. Finally, a nonuniform microcrack density distribution was observed, suggesting that internal shear stresses were redistributed within the torsion samples during post-yield loading. The results suggested that the lamellar interface in human cortical bone plays an important role in torsional yielding by keeping cracks physically isolated from each other and delaying microcrack coalescence in order to postpone the inevitable formation of the fatal crack.

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  • Microdamage may appear as debonding of the proteinaceous-hydroxyapatite composite or as slippage of the lamellae along one another or along cement lines.

    “Microdamage may appear as debonding of the proteinaceous–hydroxyapatite composite (such as debonding of hydroxyapatite aggregates and noncollagenous proteins) or as slippage of the lamellae along one another or along cement lines (6–8).”

    From Bone Mechanical Properties in Healthy and Diseased States (2018) · cites this paper as [8]

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Authors
Jepsen, K. J., Davy, D. T., & Krzypow, D. J.
Affiliations
Case Western Reserve University (US)
Corresponding author
Jepsen, Karl J.
ORCID
Jepsen, Karl J.
Venue
Journal of Biomechanics
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1999-03
Volume
32
Issue
3
Pages
303-310
ISSN
0021-9290 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/s0021-9290(98)00179-1
OpenAlex
W1984088823
Cited by
81
References
41
Citations by year
2024: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
FWCI
1.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Biomechanics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (AR-07505, T32AR007505, AR-20618-18, P60AR020618)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Bone fractures and treatments
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Elasticity and Material Modeling
Keywords
cortical bone, lamellar interfaces, shear damage, microcrack density, fragility fractures, femoral bone, stiffness degradation, stress relaxation, osteons, cement lines, crack coalescence
MeSH terms
Adult, Analysis of Variance, Bone and Bones, Femoral Fractures, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Stress, Mechanical, Torsion Abnormality, Bone Density

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