Lexical access and naming time
Integrity signals
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For written language, high frequency words are named more rapidly than low-frequency ones.
“For written language, highfrequencywords are named more rapidlythan low-frequencyones (Balota & Chumbly , 1984; Forster & Chambers, 1973)”
From FREQUENCY EFFECTS IN LANGUAGE PROCESSING: A Review with Implications for Theories of Implicit and Explicit Language Acquisition (2002) · cites this paper as Forster & Chambers, 1973
Cited by
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A distributed, developmental model of word recognition and naming.
Seidenberg, M. S., & McClelland, J. L. (1989) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.96.4.523 · Cited by 3,909 · see citing works
Understanding normal and impaired word reading: Computational principles in quasi-regular domains.
Plaut, D. C., McClelland, J. L., Seidenberg, M. S., & Patterson, K. (1996) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.103.1.56 · Cited by 2,698 · see citing works
Ellis, N. C. (2002) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s0272263102002024 · Cited by 2,230 · see citing works
Ending the reading wars: Reading acquisition from novice to expert
Castles, A., Rastle, K., & Nation, K. (2018) · Psychological Science in the Public Interest · doi:10.1177/1529100618772271 · Cited by 1,297 · see citing works
Share, D. L. (2008) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.4.584 · Cited by 1,022 · see citing works
Frequency and neighborhood effects on lexical access: Activation or search?
Andrews, S. (1989) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.15.5.802 · Cited by 468 · see citing works
The locus of word-frequency effects in the pronunciation task: Lexical access and/or production?
Balota, D. A., & Chumbley, J. I. (1985) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/0749-596x(85)90017-8 · Cited by 418 · see citing works
Fiez, J. A., Balota, D. A., Raichle, M. E., & Petersen, S. E. (1999) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80833-8 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
Serial processing in reading aloud: Evidence for dual-route models of reading.
Coltheart, M., & Rastle, K. (1994) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance · doi:10.1037/0096-1523.20.6.1197 · Cited by 391 · see citing works
WordGen: A tool for word selection and nonword generation in Dutch, English, German, and French
Duyck, W., Desmet, T., Verbeke, L. P. C., & Brysbaert, M. (2004) · Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers · doi:10.3758/bf03195595 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Driven by information: A tectonic theory of Stroop effects.
Melara, R. D., & Algom, D. (2003) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.110.3.422 · Cited by 342 · see citing works
Effects of frequency on visual word recognition tasks: Where are they?
Monsell, S., Doyle, M. C., & Haggard, P. N. (1989) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: General · doi:10.1037/0096-3445.118.1.43 · Cited by 432 · see citing works
Conspiracy effects in word pronunciation
Taraban, R., & McClelland, J. L. (1987) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/0749-596x(87)90105-7 · Cited by 301 · see citing works
Frequency and neighborhood effects on lexical access: Lexical similarity or orthographic redundancy?
Andrews, S. (1992) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.18.2.234 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
McCann, R. S., & Besner, D. (1987) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance · doi:10.1037/0096-1523.13.1.14 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Graves, W. W., Grabowski, T. J., Mehta, S., & Gordon, J. K. (2007) · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1162/jocn.2007.19.4.617 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
The effects of graphemic, phonetic, and semantic relationships on access to lexical structures
Shulman, H. G., Hornak, R., & Sanders, E. (1978) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03197436 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Sensitivity to orthographic familiarity in the occipito-temporal region.
Bruno, J. L., Zumberge, A., Manis, F. R., Lu, Z.-L., & Goldman, J. G. (2008) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.10.044 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Forster, K. I., & Dickinson, R. G. (1976) · Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior · doi:10.1016/0022-5371(76)90014-1 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Self-citationNeighborhood size effect in naming: Lexical activation or sublexical correspondences?
Peereman, R., & Content, A. (1995) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.21.2.409 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Thomson, D. R., Besner, D., & Smilek, D. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00360 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Differential effects of number of letters on word and nonword naming latency
Weekes, B. S. (1997) · The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A · doi:10.1080/027249897392170 · Cited by 354 · see citing works
Besner, D. (1989) · The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A · doi:10.1080/14640748908402354 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
- Authors
- Forster, K. I., & Chambers, S. M.
- Affiliations
- Monash University (AU)
- Venue
- Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1973-12
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 627-635
- ISSN
- 0022-5371 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2050189294
- Cited by
- 1,132
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 53 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 76 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 35
- FWCI
- 13.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Keywords
- lexical access, word naming, naming time, lexical decision, word frequency, lexical search, unfamiliar words
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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