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Spatial memory deficits in patients with lesions to the right hippocampus and to the right parahippocampal cortex
Abstract
Spatial memory tasks, performance of which is known to be sensitive to hippocampal lesions in the rat, or to medial temporal lesions in the human, were administered in order to investigate the effects of selective damage to medial temporal lobe structures of the human brain. The patients had undergone thermo-coagulation with a single electrode along the amygdalo-hippocampal axis in an attempt to alleviate their epilepsy. With this surgical technique, lesions to single medial temporal lobe structures can be carried out. The locations of the lesions were assessed by means of digital high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and software allowing a 3-D reconstruction of the brain. A break in the collateral sulcus, dividing it into the anterior collateral sulcus and the posterior collateral sulcus is reported. This division may correspond to the end of the entorhinal/perirhinal cortex and the start of the parahippocampal cortex. The results confirmed the role of the right hippocampus in visuo-spatial memory tasks (object location, Rey-Osterrieth Figure with and without delay) and the left for verbal memory tasks (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Task with delay). However, patients with lesions either to the right or to the left hippocampus were unimpaired on several memory tasks, including a spatial one, with a 30 min delay, designed to be analogous to the Morris water maze. Patients with lesions to the right parahippocampal cortex were impaired on this task with a 30 min delay, sug…
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“The parahippocampal gyrus (BM36) covers the entorhinal, perirhinal, and parahippocampal cortices in the medial temporal lobe of the brain, playing critical roles in memory encoding and retrieval (61), as well as spatial navigation (62, 63).”
From Comprehensive characterization of the transcriptional landscape in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brains (2025) · cites this paper as [61]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bohbot, V. D., Kalina, M., Stepankova, K., Spackova, N., Petrides, M., & Nadel, L.
- Affiliations
- Na Homolce Hospital (CZ)
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital (CA)
- University of Arizona (US)
- Venue
- Neuropsychologia
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1998-11
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1217-1238
- ISSN
- 0028-3932 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1964991931
- Cited by
- 516
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 7.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neuropsychologia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Spatial Cognition and Navigation
- Keywords
- spatial memory, hippocampus, parahippocampal cortex, medial temporal lobe lesions, visuospatial memory, verbal memory, collateral sulcus, entorhinal cortex, perirhinal cortex, epilepsy surgery, delayed recall, Morris water maze
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Amygdala, Brain Diseases, Cerebral Cortex, Electrocoagulation, Epilepsy, Female, Form Perception, Hippocampus, Humans, Functional Laterality, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Memory Disorders, Middle Aged, Nerve Net, Neuropsychological Tests, Verbal Learning, Statistics, Nonparametric
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