The DOI matches its Crossref record; 179 of the 180 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Chapter 4 β‐Globin Regulation and Long‐Range Interactions
Abstract
Transcriptional activation in higher eukaryotes frequently involves the long-range action of a number of regulatory DNA elements. One of the main questions in transcriptional regulation is how cis-regulatory elements communicate with the promoter of a gene over large distances. There has been a lively debate in recent years whether this communication takes place via a noncontact mechanism (linking, tracking) or via a contact mechanism (looping). The demonstration that the major regulatory element of the beta-globin locus, the locus control region (LCR), is in close proximity to the active beta-globin genes validates the contact model for long-range activation. Here, we will review the beta-globin locus as a model system to study long-range activation, briefly describe the different models for long-range activation, and summarize the recent findings that the LCR of the beta-globin locus is in close proximity to the active promoters. Although it is now firmly established that looping takes place within the beta-globin locus (and other loci), it is not clear how these long-range contacts are established and what the precise role is of the LCR. We will argue that the main action of the LCR takes place at the promoter and open reading frame of the gene itself and we will discuss key rate-limiting steps in transcriptional activation and the possible mechanisms by which they are influenced by the LCR.
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“Central to the mechanism of globin gene switching is the exclusive interaction between the LCR and globin gene promoters at distinct developmental stages (Carter et al., 2002; Palstra et al., 2008; Tolhuis et al., 2002).”
From Reactivation of developmentally silenced globin genes by forced chromatin looping (2014) · cites this paper as Palstra et al., 2008
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Reactivation of developmentally silenced globin genes by forced chromatin looping
Deng, W., Rupon, J. W., Krivega, I., Breda, L., Motta, I., Jahn, K. S., Reik, A., Gregory, P. D., Rivella, S., Dean, A., et al. (2014) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.05.050 · Cited by 443
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Noncoding Transcription at Enhancers: General Principles and Functional Models
Natoli, G., & Andrau, J. (2012) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev-genet-110711-155459 · Cited by 418
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Xu, J., Sankaran, V. G., Ni, M., Menne, T. F., Puram, R. V., Kim, W., & Orkin, S. H. (2010) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.1897310 · Cited by 361
Metadata
- Authors
- Palstra, R., de Laat, W., & Grosveld, F.
- Affiliations
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- Venue
- Advances in genetics
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Published
- 2008
- Volume
- 61
- Pages
- 107-142
- ISSN
- 0065-2660 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1564263074
- Cited by
- 131
- References
- 180
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 23.68
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Advances in genetics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics (clinical) › Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- beta-globin locus, locus control region, chromatin looping, cis-regulatory elements, transcriptional regulation, gene expression regulation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Chromatin, Epistasis, Genetic, Gene Expression Regulation, Globins, Humans, Models, Biological, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Transcription, Genetic, Locus Control Region, Gene Order
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