Cited by 402Folate and B Vitamins ResearchBiochemical and Molecular ResearchMetabolism and Genetic Disorders

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Chapter 1 Folate‐Mediated One‐Carbon Metabolism

Fox, Jennifer T., Stover, Patrick J.·2008·Vitamins & Hormones

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Abstract

Tetrahydrofolate (THF) polyglutamates are a family of cofactors that carry and chemically activate one-carbon units for biosynthesis. THF-mediated one-carbon metabolism is a metabolic network of interdependent biosynthetic pathways that is compartmentalized in the cytoplasm, mitochondria, and nucleus. One-carbon metabolism in the cytoplasm is required for the synthesis of purines and thymidylate and the remethylation of homocysteine to methionine. One-carbon metabolism in the mitochondria is required for the synthesis of formylated methionyl-tRNA; the catabolism of choline, purines, and histidine; and the interconversion of serine and glycine. Mitochondria are also the primary source of one-carbon units for cytoplasmic metabolism. Increasing evidence indicates that folate-dependent de novo thymidylate biosynthesis occurs in the nucleus of certain cell types. Disruption of folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism is associated with many pathologies and developmental anomalies, yet the biochemical mechanisms and causal metabolic pathways responsible for the initiation and/or progression of folate-associated pathologies have yet to be established. This chapter focuses on our current understanding of mammalian folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism, its cellular compartmentation, and knowledge gaps that limit our understanding of one-carbon metabolism and its regulation.

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Authors: Fox, J. T., & Stover, P. J.
Affiliations: Cornell University (US)
ORCID: Fox, Jennifer T.
Stover, Patrick J.
Venue: Vitamins & Hormones
Publisher: Elsevier
Published: 2008
Volume: 79
Pages: 1-44
ISSN: 0083-6729 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0083-6729(08)00401-9
OpenAlex: W3975443
Cited by: 402
References: 269
Citations by year: 2026: 19 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 62.82
Type: book chapter
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Vitamins and hormones (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK58144)
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Folate and B Vitamins Research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Biochemical and Molecular Research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Metabolism and Genetic Disorders
Keywords: folic acid, one-carbon metabolism, thymidylate synthesis, purine biosynthesis, homocysteine remethylation, methionine biosynthesis, histidine catabolism, mitochondrial metabolism, folate deficiency, developmental anomalies
MeSH terms: Animals, Cell Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Folic Acid, Mammals, Mitochondria, One-Carbon Group Transferases

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