Cited by 5,086Public Health and Social InequalitiesHealth disparities and outcomesPublic Health Policies and Education

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Social determinants of health inequalities

Open access

Marmot, Michael·2005·The Lancet

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

The gross inequalities in health that we see within and between countries present a challenge to the world. That there should be a spread of life expectancy of 48 years among countries and 20 years or more within countries is not inevitable. A burgeoning volume of research identifies social factors at the root of much of these inequalities in health. Social determinants are relevant to communicable and non-communicable disease alike. Health status, therefore, should be of concern to policy makers in every sector, not solely those involved in health policy. As a response to this global challenge, WHO is launching a Commission on Social Determinants of Health, which will review the evidence, raise societal debate, and recommend policies with the goal of improving health of the world's most vulnerable people. A major thrust of the Commission is turning public-health knowledge into political action.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0140-6736(05)71146-6

Cites

28 of 28 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Development as Freedom
Sen, A. K. (2009) · doi:10.1007/978-1-137-28787-8_94 · Cited by 15,887
Development as Freedom
Jennifer A. Clapp (University of Waterloo), & Sen, A. K. (1999) · International Journal Canada s Journal of Global Policy Analysis · doi:10.2307/40203469 · Cited by 13,603
Human Development Report
Church, J. A. (2001) · Journal of Government Information · doi:10.1016/s1352-0237(01)00307-0 · Cited by 9,208
The World Health Report 2002 - Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life
Available, N. A. N. (2003) · Education for Health · doi:10.1080/1357628031000116808 · Cited by 6,078
Globalization and Its Discontents
Bögenhold, D. (2015) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781452206905.n316 · Cited by 5,476
Inequality reexamined
(1993) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.30-3930 · Cited by 2,681
The strategy of preventive medicine
(1993) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.30-5633 · Cited by 1,878
Globalization and its discontents
Green, D., & Griffith, M. (2002) · International Affairs · doi:10.1111/1468-2346.00238 · Cited by 1,534
Pathologies of Power: Health, Human Rights, and the New War on the Poor
Farmer, P. (2003) · Journal for the Anthropology of North America · doi:10.1525/nad.2003.6.1.1 · Cited by 1,482
Measuring need satisfaction
Gough, I., & Doyal, L. (1991) · London School of Economics and Political Science Research Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-21500-3 · Cited by 1,380

Show all 28 references

Research works printed but not linked: 1

Donkin, 2002, Inequalities in life expectancy by social class 1972–1999, Health Stat Q, 15, 5

Sorted by citations

Epidemiology of multimorbidity and implications for health care, research, and medical education: A cross-sectional study
Barnett, K., Mercer, S. W., Norbury, M., Watt, G., Wyke, S., & Guthrie, B. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)60240-2 · Cited by 6,972
Research confuses me: what is the difference between case-control and cohort studies in quantitative research?
Higgins, S. M. F., Macken, A. P., Cullen, W., Saunders, J., Dunne, C. P., & O’Gorman, C. S. (2013) · PubMed · doi:10.34961/9953 · Cited by 4,807
Socioeconomic Inequalities in Health in 22 European Countries
Mackenbach, J. P., Stirbu, I., Roskam, A.-J. R., Schaap, M. M., Menvielle, G., Leinsalu, M., & Kunst, A. E. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsa0707519 · Cited by 3,289
The Association Between Income and Life Expectancy in the United States, 2001–2014
Chetty, R., Stepner, M., Abraham, S., Lin, S., Scuderi, B., Turner, N., Bergeron, A., & Cutler, D. (2016) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2016.4226 · Cited by 2,812
Neuroscience, Molecular Biology, and the Childhood Roots of Health Disparities: Building a New Framework for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention
Shonkoff, J. P., Boyce, W. T., & McEwen, B. S. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.754 · Cited by 2,326
Effect of exposure to natural environment on health inequalities: an observational population study
Mitchell, R., & Popham, F. (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61689-x · Cited by 2,099
Researching health inequalities in adolescents: The development of the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) Family Affluence Scale
Currie, C. E., Molcho, M., Boyce, W., Holstein, B. E., Torsheim, T., & Richter, M. (2008) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.11.024 · Cited by 1,745
The Lancet Psychiatry Commission: a blueprint for protecting physical health in people with mental illness
Firth, J., Siddiqi, N., Koyanagi, A., Siskind, D., Rosenbaum, S., Galletly, C., Allan, S., Caneo, C., Carney, R., Carvalho, A. F., et al. (2019) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(19)30132-4 · Cited by 1,531
A Framework for Public Health Action: The Health Impact Pyramid
Frieden, T. R. (2010) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2009.185652 · Cited by 1,535
Closing the Gap: Increases in Life Expectancy among Treated HIV-Positive Individuals in the United States and Canada
Samji, H., Cescon, A., Hogg, R. S., Modur, S. P., Althoff, K. N., Buchacz, K. A., Burchell, A. N., Cohen, M. H., Gebo, K. A., Gill, M. J., et al. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0081355 · Cited by 1,420
Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Obesity
Hampl, S. E., Hassink, S. G., Skinner, A. C., Armstrong, S. C., Barlow, S. E., Bolling, C. F., Avila Edwards, K. C., Eneli, I., Hamre, R., Joseph, M. M., et al. (2023) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2022-060640 · Cited by 1,389
Poverty, depression, and anxiety: Causal evidence and mechanisms
Ridley, M., Rao, G., Schilbach, F., & Patel, V. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aay0214 · Cited by 1,220
Immigration as a social determinant of health.
Castañeda, H., Holmes, S. M., Madrigal, D. S., Young, M.-E. D., Beyeler, N., & Quesada, J. (2015) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-032013-182419 · Cited by 1,173
Understanding and Responding to Health Literacy as a Social Determinant of Health
Nutbeam, D., & Lloyd, J. E. (2021) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-090419-102529 · Cited by 1,178
Biomedical research: increasing value, reducing waste.
Macleod, M. R., Michie, S., Roberts, I., Dirnagl, U., Chalmers, I., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Salman, R. A.-S., Chan, A.-W., & Glasziou, P. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62329-6 · Cited by 1,003
Wellbeing, Freedom and Social Justice
Robeyns, I. (2017) · Open Book Publishers · doi:10.11647/obp.0130 · Cited by 1,142
Acute Multidimensional Poverty: A New Index for Developing CountriesPreprint
Alkire, S., & Santos, M. E. (2011) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.1815243 · Cited by 1,001
Social Determinants of Mental Health: Where We Are and Where We Need to Go
Alegria, M. M., NeMoyer, A., Falgas‐Bagué, I., Wang, Y., & Álvarez, K. (2018) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-018-0969-9 · Cited by 1,006
European Society of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Disease Statistics 2017
Timmis, A., Petersen, S. E., Belle, E. V., Townsend, N. P., Conrad, N., Kapłon‐Cieślicka, A., Kazakiewicz, D., Kavousi, M., Cvijić, M., Ignatiuk, B., et al. (2017) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehag345 · Cited by 1,001
A systematic review of studies examining the relationship between reported racism and health and wellbeing for children and young people
Priest, N., Paradies, Y., Trenerry, B., Truong, M., Karlsen, S., & Kelly, Y. (2013) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.11.031 · Cited by 877
Structural Vulnerability and Health: Latino Migrant Laborers in the United States
Quesada, J., Hart, L. K., & Bourgois, P. (2011) · Medical Anthropology · doi:10.1080/01459740.2011.576725 · Cited by 741
Socioeconomic Inequality and Caries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Schwendicke, F., Dörfer, C. E., Schlattmann, P., Page, L. F., Thomson, W. M., & Paris, S. (2015) · Journal of Dental Research · doi:10.1177/0022034514557546 · Cited by 786
Algorithmic fairness in artificial intelligence for medicine and healthcare
Chen, R. J., Wang, J. J., Williamson, D. F. K., Chen, T. Y., Lipkova, J., Lu, M. Y., Sahai, S., & Mahmood, F. (2023) · Nature Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1038/s41551-023-01056-8 · Cited by 750
Associations Between Adverse Childhood Experiences, High-Risk Behaviors, and Morbidity in Adulthood
Campbell, J. A., Walker, R. J., & Egede, L. E. (2015) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2015.07.022 · Cited by 719
Breast Cancer Epidemiology, Prevention, and Screening
Winters, S., Martin, C., Murphy, D. E., & Shokar, N. K. (2017) · Progress in molecular biology and translational science · doi:10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.07.002 · Cited by 721
Changes in sexual attitudes and lifestyles in Britain through the life course and over time: findings from the National Surveys of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal)
Mercer, C. H., Tanton, C., Prah, P., Erens, B., Sonnenberg, P., Clifton, S., Macdowall, W., Lewis, R., Field, N., Datta, J., et al. (2013) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)62035-8 · Cited by 724
The Weight-Inclusive versus Weight-Normative Approach to Health: Evaluating the Evidence for Prioritizing Well-Being over Weight Loss
Tylka, T. L., Annunziato, R. A., Burgard, D., Daníelsdóttir, S., Shuman, E. S., Davis, C., & Calogero, R. M. (2014) · Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1155/2014/983495 · Cited by 732
Bias in medical AI: Implications for clinical decision-making
Cross, J. L., Choma, M. A., & Onofrey, J. A. (2024) · PLOS Digital Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pdig.0000651 · Cited by 607
The Growth of Incarceration in the United States
National Research Council (2014) · National Academies Press eBooks · doi:10.17226/18613 · Cited by 648
Mortality Among Homeless Adults in Boston: Shifts in Causes of Death Over a 15-Year Period
Baggett, T. P., Hwang, S. W., O’Connell, J. J., Porneala, B. C., Stringfellow, E. J., Orav, E. J., Singer, D. E., & Rigotti, N. A. (2013) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.1604 · Cited by 566
Age of onset of mental disorders and use of mental health services: needs, opportunities and obstacles
de Girolamo, G., Dagani, J., Purcell, R., Cocchi, A., & McGorry, P. D. (2012) · Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences · doi:10.1017/s2045796011000746 · Cited by 544
From victim blaming to upstream action: tackling the social determinants of oral health inequalities
Watt, R. G. (2007) · Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2007.00348.x · Cited by 556
Poverty and disability in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review
Banks, L. M., Kuper, H., & Polack, S. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0189996 · Cited by 613
Health in South Africa: changes and challenges since 2009
Mayosi, B. M., Lawn, J. E., van Niekerk, A., Bradshaw, D., Abdool Karim, S. S., & Coovadia, H. M. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61814-5 · Cited by 555
Implementation science should give higher priority to health equity
Brownson, R. C., Kumanyika, S., Kreuter, M. W., & Haire-Joshu, D. L. (2021) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/s13012-021-01097-0 · Cited by 585
Inflammation–Nature's Way to Efficiently Respond to All Types of Challenges: Implications for Understanding and Managing “the Epidemic” of Chronic Diseases
Bennett, J. M., Reeves, G., Billman, G. E., & Sturmberg, J. P. (2018) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2018.00316 · Cited by 531
Associations between sex work laws and sex workers’ health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of quantitative and qualitative studies
Platt, L., Grenfell, P., Meiksin, R., Elmes, J., Sherman, S. G., Sanders, T., Mwangi, P., & Crago, A.-L. (2018) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1002680 · Cited by 560
Gender equality in science, medicine, and global health: where are we at and why does it matter?
Shannon, G. D., Jansen, M., Williams, K., Cáceres, C. F., Motta, A., Odhiambo, A., Eleveld, A., & Mannell, J. (2019) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(18)33135-0 · Cited by 589
The Killing Fields of Inequality
Therborn, G. (2012) · International Journal of Health Services · doi:10.2190/hs.42.4.a · Cited by 504
Integrating the common risk factor approach into a social determinants framework
Watt, R. G., & Sheiham, A. (2012) · Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2012.00680.x · Cited by 459
The Social Determinants of Mental Health
Compton, M. T., & Shim, R. S. (2015) · Focus · doi:10.1176/appi.focus.20150017 · Cited by 564
Food Insecurity and COVID-19: Disparities in Early Effects for US Adults
Wolfson, J. A., & Leung, C. W. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12061648 · Cited by 487
The role of patient navigators in eliminating health disparities
Natale‐Pereira, A., Enard, K. R., Nevarez, L., & Jones, L. A. (2011) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.26264 · Cited by 476
Groups 4 Health: Evidence that a social-identity intervention that builds and strengthens social group membership improves mental health
Haslam, C., Cruwys, T., Haslam, S. A., Dingle, G., & Chang, M. X.-L. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.01.010 · Cited by 458
Perceived barriers to smoking cessation in selected vulnerable groups: a systematic review of the qualitative and quantitative literature
Twyman, L., Bonevski, B., Paul, C. L., & Bryant, J. (2014) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006414 · Cited by 467
Incarceration as Exposure: The Prison, Infectious Disease, and Other Stress-Related Illnesses
Massoglia, M. (2008) · Journal of Health and Social Behavior · doi:10.1177/002214650804900105 · Cited by 474
Wasted Food: U.S. Consumers' Reported Awareness, Attitudes, and Behaviors
Neff, R. A., Spiker, M. L., & Truant, P. L. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0127881 · Cited by 461
Impact of Environment and Social Gradient on Leptospira Infection in Urban Slums
Reis, R. B., Ribeiro, G. S., Felzemburgh, R. D. M., Santana, F. S., Mohr, S., Melendez, A. X. T. O., Queiroz, A., dos Santos, A. C., Ravines, R. R., Tassinari, W. D. S., et al. (2008) · PLoS neglected tropical diseases · doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0000228 · Cited by 452
Behavior Change with Fitness Technology in Sedentary Adults: A Review of the Evidence for Increasing Physical Activity
Sullivan, A. N., & Lachman, M. E. (2017) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2016.00289 · Cited by 458
Health in all policies : Prospects and potentials
Ståhl, T. (2006) · Cited by 451
Socioeconomic inequalities and oral cancer risk: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of case‐control studies
Conway, D. I., Petticrew, M. P., Marlborough, H. S., Berthiller, J., Hashibe, M., & MacPherson, L. M. D. (2008) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.23430 · Cited by 442
Socioeconomic determinants of health related quality of life in childhood and adolescence: results from a European study
von Rueden, U., Gosch, A., Rajmil, L., Bisegger, C., Ravens-Sieberer, U., & the European KIDSCREEN group (2006) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech.2005.039792 · Cited by 434
Influence of race, ethnicity and social determinants of health on diabetes outcomes.
Walker, R. J., Strom Williams, J., & Egede, L. E. (2016) · The American Journal of the Medical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.amjms.2016.01.008 · Cited by 431
Socio-economic status and COVID-19–related cases and fatalities
Hawkins, R. B., Charles, E. J., & Mehaffey, J. H. (2020) · Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2020.09.016 · Cited by 433
The New Urban Agenda: key opportunities and challenges for policy and practice
Caprotti, F., Cowley, R., Datta, A., Broto, V. C., Gao, E., Georgeson, L., Herrick, C., Odendaal, N., & Joss, S. (2017) · Urban Research & Practice · doi:10.1080/17535069.2016.1275618 · Cited by 448
Aging and Hearing Health: The Life-course Approach
Davis, A. C., McMahon, C. M., Pichora-Fuller, K. M., Russ, S. A., Lin, F. R., Olusanya, B. O., Chadha, S. K., & Tremblay, K. L. (2016) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gnw033 · Cited by 410
A Systematic Review of Interventions on Patients’ Social and Economic Needs
Gottlieb, L. M., Wing, H., & Adler, N. E. (2017) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2017.05.011 · Cited by 455
Status Syndrome: A Challenge to Medicine
Marmot, M. G. (2006) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.295.11.1304 · Cited by 372
Self-citation
Energy poverty, health and education outcomes: Evidence from the developing world
Banerjee, R., Mishra, V., & Maruta, A. A. (2021) · Energy Economics · doi:10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105447 · Cited by 365
Leveraging the Social Determinants of Health: What Works?
Taylor, L. A., Tan, A. X., Coyle, C. E., Ndumele, C., Rogan, E., Canavan, M., Curry, L. A., & Bradley, E. H. (2016) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0160217 · Cited by 374
Structural Sexism and Health in the United States: A New Perspective on Health Inequality and the Gender System
Homan, P. (2019) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.1177/0003122419848723 · Cited by 405
Malaria eradication within a generation: ambitious, achievable, and necessary
Feachem, R. G., Chen, I., Akbari, O. S., Bertozzi-Villa, A., Bhatt, S., Binka, F. N., Boni, M. F., Buckee, C. O., Dieleman, J. L., Dondorp, A. M., et al. (2019) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(19)31139-0 · Cited by 372
Gender/Sex as a Social Determinant of Cardiovascular Risk
O'Neil, A. E., Scovelle, A. J., Milner, A. J., & Kavanagh, A. M. (2018) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.117.028595 · Cited by 361
An Integrated Scientific Framework for Child Survival and Early Childhood Development
Shonkoff, J. P., Richter, L., van der Gaag, J., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2012) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2011-0366 · Cited by 387
Upending the Social Ecological Model to Guide Health Promotion Efforts Toward Policy and Environmental Change
Golden, S. D., McLeroy, K. R., Green, L. W., Earp, J. A., & Lieberman, L. (2015) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/1090198115575098 · Cited by 350
Revisiting Alma-Ata: what is the role of primary health care in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals?
Hone, T., Macinko, J., & Millett, C. (2018) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(18)31829-4 · Cited by 330
Impacts of air pollution and its spatial spillover effect on public health based on China's big data sample
Chen, X., Shao, S., Tian, Z., Xie, Z., & Yin, P. (2016) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.02.119 · Cited by 346
Influence of family environment on children's oral health: a systematic review
de Castilho, A. R. F., Mialhe, F. L., Barbosa, T. D. S., & Puppin‐Rontani, R. M. (2013) · Jornal de Pediatria · doi:10.1016/j.jped.2013.03.014 · Cited by 361
SOCIAL INEQUALITIES IN ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AND ALCOHOL-RELATED PROBLEMS IN THE STUDY COUNTRIES OF THE EU CONCERTED ACTION ‘GENDER, CULTURE AND ALCOHOL PROBLEMS: A MULTI-NATIONAL STUDY’
Bloomfield, K., Grittner, U., Krämer, S., & Gmel, G. E. (2006) · Alcohol and Alcoholism · doi:10.1093/alcalc/agl073 · Cited by 324
Social status alters immune regulation and response to infection in macaques
Snyder-Mackler, N., Sanz, J., Kohn, J. N., Brinkworth, J. F., Morrow, S., Shaver, A. O., Grenier, J.-C., Pique-Regi, R., Johnson, Z. P., Wilson, M. E., et al. (2016) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aah3580 · Cited by 318
Human-centered design for global health equity
Holeman, I., & Kane, D. (2020) · Information Technology for Development · doi:10.1080/02681102.2019.1667289 · Cited by 285
Socio-economic determinants of physical activity across the life course: A "DEterminants of DIet and Physical ACtivity" (DEDIPAC) umbrella literature review
O’Donoghue, G., Kennedy, A., Puggina, A., Aleksovska, K., Buck, C., Burns, C., Cardon, G., Carlin, A., Ciarapica, D., Colotto, M., et al. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0190737 · Cited by 347
Entrepreneurship and eudaimonic well-being: Five venues for new science
Ryff, C. D. (2018) · Journal of Business Venturing · doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2018.09.003 · Cited by 358
How do income changes impact on mental health and wellbeing for working-age adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Thomson, R., Igelström, E., Purba, A. K., Shimonovich, M., Thomson, H., McCartney, G., Reeves, A., Leyland, A. H., Pearce, A., & Katikireddi, S. V. (2022) · The Lancet Public Health · doi:10.1016/s2468-2667(22)00058-5 · Cited by 362
Impact of social determinants of health on outcomes for type 2 diabetes: a systematic review
Walker, R. J., Smalls, B. L., Campbell, J. A., Williams, J. L. S., & Egede, L. E. (2014) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-014-0195-0 · Cited by 308
The effects of social status on biological aging as measured by white‐blood‐cell telomere length
Cherkas, L. F., Aviv, A., Valdes, A. M., Hunkin, J., Gardner, J. P., Surdulescu, G. L., Kimura, M., & Spector, T. D. (2006) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/j.1474-9726.2006.00222.x · Cited by 306
The Deservingness Heuristic and the Politics of Health Care
Jensen, C., & Petersen, M. B. (2016) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/ajps.12251 · Cited by 336
Ethical limitations of algorithmic fairness solutions in health care machine learning
McCradden, M. D., Joshi, S., Mazwi, M., & Anderson, J. A. (2020) · The Lancet Digital Health · doi:10.1016/s2589-7500(20)30065-0 · Cited by 291
Psychosocial aspects in cardiac rehabilitation: From theory to practice. A position paper from the Cardiac Rehabilitation Section of the European Association of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation of the European Society of Cardiology
Pogosova, N., Saner, H., Pedersen, S. S., Cupples, M. E., McGee, H., Höfer, S., Doyle, F., Schmid, J.-P., von Känel, R., & on behalf of the Cardiac Rehabilitation Section of the European Association of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation of the European Society of Cardiology (2015) · European Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1177/2047487314543075 · Cited by 292
Pathologizing poverty: New forms of diagnosis, disability, and structural stigma under welfare reform
Hansen, H., Bourgois, P. I., & Drucker, E. (2014) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.06.033 · Cited by 288
Racial Variation in the Incidence, Care, and Outcomes of Severe Sepsis
Barnato, A. E., Alexander, S. L., Linde-Zwirble, W. T., & Angus, D. C. (2008) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200703-480oc · Cited by 284
Theoretical explanations for social inequalities in oral health
Sisson, K. (2007) · Community Dentistry And Oral Epidemiology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.2007.00354.x · Cited by 280
Nature-Based Social Prescribing in Urban Settings to Improve Social Connectedness and Mental Well-being: a Review
Leavell, M. A., Leiferman, J. A., Gascón, M., Braddick, F., González, J. C., & Litt, J. (2019) · Current Environmental Health Reports · doi:10.1007/s40572-019-00251-7 · Cited by 311
Socioeconomic status and inflammation: a meta-analysis
Muscatell, K. A., Brosso, S. N., & Humphreys, K. L. (2018) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-018-0259-2 · Cited by 294
Mapping 123 million neonatal, infant and child deaths between 2000 and 2017
Burstein, R., Henry, N. J., Collison, M. L., Marczak, L. B., Sligar, A., Watson, S., Marquez, N., Abbasalizad-Farhangi, M., Abbasi, M., Abd-Allah, F., et al. (2019) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1545-0 · Cited by 276
Disinformation, Misinformation and Inequality-Driven Mistrust in the Time of COVID-19: Lessons Unlearned from AIDS Denialism
Jaiswal, J., LoSchiavo, C., & Perlman, D. C. (2020) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-020-02925-y · Cited by 276
Psychosocial safety climate: Conceptual distinctiveness and effect on job demands and worker psychological health
Idris, M. A., Dollard, M. F., Coward, J., & Dormann, C. (2011) · Safety Science · doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2011.06.005 · Cited by 311
A more practical guide to incorporating health equity domains in implementation determinant frameworks
Woodward, E. N., Singh, R. S., Ndebele‐Ngwenya, P., Castillo, A. M., Dickson, K. S., & Kirchner, J. E. (2021) · Implementation Science Communications · doi:10.1186/s43058-021-00146-5 · Cited by 284
Health Inequalities: Trends, Progress, and Policy
Bleich, S. N., Jarlenski, M., Bell, C. N., & LaVeist, T. A. (2012) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031811-124658 · Cited by 297
In Search of the Dominant Rationale in Sustainability Management: Legitimacy- or Profit-Seeking?
Schaltegger, S., & Hörisch, J. (2015) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-015-2854-3 · Cited by 270
Inequality in Utilization of Dental Services: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Reda, S. F., Reda, S., Thomson, W. M., & Schwendicke, F. (2017) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2017.304180 · Cited by 275
Early Childhood Obesity Risk Factors: Socioeconomic Adversity, Family Dysfunction, Offspring Distress, and Junk Food Self-Medication
Hemmingsson, E. (2018) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-018-0310-2 · Cited by 261
The Social Determinants of Mental Health
Sederer, L. I. (2015) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201500232 · Cited by 264
Health in an unequal world
Marmot, M. G. (2006) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)69746-8 · Cited by 284
Self-citation
DEBATE: Do interventions based on behavioral theory work in the real world?
Hagger, M. S., & Weed, M. (2019) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-019-0795-4 · Cited by 281
Health Disparities and Cancer: Racial Disparities in Cancer Mortality in the United States, 2000–2010
O’Keefe, E., Meltzer, J. P., & Bethea, T. N. (2015) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2015.00051 · Cited by 259
Biological memories of past environments: Epigenetic pathways to health disparities
Thayer, Z. M., & Kuzawa, C. W. (2011) · Epigenetics · doi:10.4161/epi.6.7.16222 · Cited by 266
The Dental Caries Pandemic and Disparities Problem
Edelstein, B. L. (2006) · BMC Oral Health · doi:10.1186/1472-6831-6-s1-s2 · Cited by 253
Low back pain and the social determinants of health: a systematic review and narrative synthesis
Karran, E. L., Grant, A. R., & Moseley, G. L. (2020) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001944 · Cited by 264
Social determinants and the health of Indigenous Australians
Marmot, M. G. (2011) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/j.1326-5377.2011.tb03086.x · Cited by 248
Self-citation

Authors: Marmot, M.
Affiliations: University College London (GB)
Corresponding author: Marmot, Michael
ORCID: Marmot, Michael
Venue: The Lancet
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2005-03
Volume: 365
Issue: 9464
Pages: 1099-1104
ISSN: 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
0140-6736
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(05)71146-6
OpenAlex: W2131854704
Cited by: 5,086
References: 28
Citations by year: 2026: 470 · 2025: 418 · 2024: 300 · 2023: 322 · 2022: 336 · 2021: 413 · 2020: 395 · 2019: 328 · 2018: 271 · 2017: 265 · 2016: 222 · 2015: 213 · 2014: 206 · 2013: 190 · 2012: 169
FWCI: 68.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
discovery.ucl.ac.uk
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: The Lancet (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders: University College London
Topics: Social Sciences › Health › Public Health and Social Inequalities
Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Public Health Policies and Education
Keywords: social determinants of health, health disparities, life expectancy, WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health, non-communicable diseases, infectious diseases, health policy, vulnerable populations
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Developing Countries, Female, Health Status, Health Status Indicators, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Poverty, Public Health, Social Justice, Socioeconomic Factors

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Social determinants of health inequalities

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks