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Cited by 877Racial and Ethnic Identity ResearchHealth disparities and outcomesGender, Health, and Social Inequality

A systematic review of studies examining the relationship between reported racism and health and wellbeing for children and young people

Priest, Naomi, Paradies, Yin, Trenerry, Brigid, Truong, Mandy, Karlsen, Saffron, Kelly, Yvonne·2013·Social Science & Medicine
DOI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.11.031
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Abstract

Racial discrimination is increasingly recognised as a determinant of racial and ethnic health inequalities, with growing evidence of strong associations between racial discrimination and adult health outcomes. There is a growing body of literature that considers the effects of racial discrimination on child and youth health. The aim of this paper is to provide a systematic review of studies that examine relationships between reported racial discrimination and child and youth health. We describe the characteristics of 121 studies identified by a comprehensive search strategy, including definitions and measurements of racial discrimination and the nature of reported associations. Most studies were published in the last seven years, used cross-sectional designs and were conducted in the United States with young people aged 12-18 years. African American, Latino/a, and Asian populations were most frequently included in these studies. Of the 461 associations examined in these studies, mental health outcomes (e.g. depression, anxiety) were most commonly reported, with statistically significant associations with racial discrimination found in 76% of outcomes examined. Statistically significant associations were also found for over 50% of associations between racial discrimination and positive mental health (e.g. self esteem, resilience), behaviour problems, wellbeing, and pregnancy/birth outcomes. The field is currently limited by a lack of longitudinal studies, limited psychometrically validated exposure instruments and poor conceptualisation and definition of racial discrimination. There is also a need to investigate the complex and varying pathways by which reported racial discrimination affect child and youth health. Ensuring study quality in this field will allow future research to reveal the complex role that racial discrimination plays as a determinant of child and youth health.

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Crossref · 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.11.031

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  • This research demonstrates a primary focus on locally-born populations but with a third of articles also including migrant populations.

    “This research demonstrates a primary focus on locally-born populations but with a third of articles also including migrant populations (see also [14]).”

    From Racism as a Determinant of Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2015) · cites this paper as [14]

  • Consistent with previous systematic reviews, trends over time indicate increasing output of published articles focusing on racism and (particularly adult) health, while a relative majority of research is still being conducted in the U.S. among African Americans.

    “Consistent with previous systematic reviews, trends over time indicate increasing output of published articles focusing on racism and (particularly adult) health, while a relative majority of research is still being conducted in the U.S. among African Americans [10, 14].”

    From Racism as a Determinant of Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2015) · cites this paper as [14]

  • It is highly plausible that children are more vulnerable to the harmful effects of racism, and that experiences of racism in the early years of life have more severe and persistent health consequences than racism experienced later in life.

    “it is highly plausible that children are more vulnerable to the harmful effects of racism, and that experiences of racism in the early years of life have more severe and persistent health consequences than racism experienced later in life [14].”

    From Racism as a Determinant of Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2015) · cites this paper as [14]

  • A focus on how instruments can validly assess racism among children and youth is currently lacking.

    “although a focus on how these and other instruments can validly assess racism among children and youth is currently lacking [14].”

    From Racism as a Determinant of Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2015) · cites this paper as [14]

  • The significant adverse relationship between ageism and health in our review appears even more consistent than the relationships found in systematic reviews of racism's effect on health.

    “The significant adverse relationship between ageism and health in our review appears even more consistent than the relationships found in systematic reviews of racism’s effect on health [165,166].”

    From Global reach of ageism on older persons' health: a systematic review (2020) · cites this paper as [166]

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Authors
Priest, N., Paradies, Y., Trenerry, B., Truong, M., Karlsen, S., & Kelly, Y.
Affiliations
  • The University of Melbourne (AU)
  • Deakin University (AU)
  • University of London (GB)
  • University of Essex (GB)
Corresponding author
Priest, Naomi
ORCID
Venue
Social Science & Medicine
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2013-10
Volume
95
Pages
115-127
ISSN
0277-9536 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.11.031
OpenAlex
W2023001530
Cited by
877
References
88
Citations by year
2026: 57 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 104 · 2023: 106 · 2022: 100 · 2021: 111 · 2020: 99 · 2019: 63 · 2018: 50 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 7
FWCI
9.49
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Social Science & Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
  • Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Economic and Social Research Council (ES/H034862/2, ES/H034862/1, ES/H034862/3, ES/G002452/1, ES/J019119/1)
  • National Health and Medical Research Council
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
  • Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Gender, Health, and Social Inequality
Keywords
racial discrimination, racism, child and adolescent health, mental health, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, resilience, behavioral problems, well-being, pregnancy outcomes, birth outcomes, ethnic health disparities, African American youth, Latino youth, Asian youth, discrimination measurement
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Child, Child Welfare, Humans, Racism

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