Cited by 941Trypanosoma species research and implicationsResearch on Leishmaniasis StudiesVector-borne infectious diseases

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Human African trypanosomiasis

Brun, Reto, Blum, Johannes, Chappuis, Francois, Burri, Christian·2010·The Lancet

DOI 10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60829-1

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Abstract

Human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) occurs in sub-Saharan Africa. It is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei, transmitted by tsetse flies. Almost all cases are due to Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, which is indigenous to west and central Africa. Prevalence is strongly dependent on control measures, which are often neglected during periods of political instability, thus leading to resurgence. With fewer than 12 000 cases of this disabling and fatal disease reported per year, trypanosomiasis belongs to the most neglected tropical diseases. The clinical presentation is complex, and diagnosis and treatment difficult. The available drugs are old, complicated to administer, and can cause severe adverse reactions. New diagnostic methods and safe and effective drugs are urgently needed. Vector control, to reduce the number of flies in existing foci, needs to be organised on a pan-African basis. WHO has stated that if national control programmes, international organisations, research institutes, and philanthropic partners engage in concerted action, elimination of this disease might even be possible.

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Self-citation

Authors: Brun, R., Blum, J., Chappuis, F., & Burri, C.
Affiliations: Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute (CH)
Corresponding author: Brun, Reto
ORCID: Blum, Johannes
Burri, Christian
Venue: The Lancet
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2010-01
Volume: 375
Issue: 9709
Pages: 148-159
ISSN: 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
0140-6736
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60829-1
OpenAlex: W2151877638
Cited by: 926
References: 300
Citations by year: 2026: 20 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 50 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 69 · 2016: 71 · 2015: 78 · 2014: 74 · 2013: 85 · 2012: 85
FWCI: 45.64
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: The Lancet (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Medecins Sans Frontieres Field Research (Medecins Sans Frontieres) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Trypanosoma species research and implications
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Research on Leishmaniasis Studies
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Vector-borne infectious diseases
Keywords: sleeping sickness, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, tsetse flies, neglected tropical diseases, disease resurgence, political instability, vector control, disease elimination, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, adverse drug reactions, sub-Saharan Africa
MeSH terms: Africa, Eflornithine, Animals, Communicable Disease Control, Humans, Insect Bites and Stings, Insect Vectors, Melarsoprol, Pentamidine, Suramin, Trypanocidal Agents, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, Trypanosomiasis, African, Tsetse Flies, Variant Surface Glycoproteins, Trypanosoma, Incidence, Endemic Diseases, Biomedical Research

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