The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Inebilizumab for the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (N-MOmentum): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled phase 2/3 trial
Abstract
Background No approved therapies exist for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), a rare, relapsing, autoimmune, inflammatory disease of the CNS that causes blindness and paralysis. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of inebilizumab, an anti-CD19, B cell-depleting antibody, in reducing the risk of attacks and disability in NMOSD. Methods We did a multicentre, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled phase 2/3 study at 99 outpatient specialty clinics or hospitals in 25 countries. Eligible participants were adults (≥18 years old) with a diagnosis of NMOSD, an Expanded Disability Status Scale score of 8·0 or less, and a history of at least one attack requiring rescue therapy in the year before screening or at least two attacks requiring rescue therapy in the 2 years before screening. Participants were randomly allocated (3:1) to 300 mg intravenous inebilizumab or placebo with a central interactive voice response system or interactive web response system and permuted block randomisation. Inebilizumab or placebo was administered on days 1 and 15. Participants, investigators, and all clinical staff were masked to the treatments, and inebilizumab and placebo were indistinguishable in appearance. The primary endpoint was time to onset of an NMOSD attack, as determined by the adjudication committee. Efficacy endpoints were assessed in all randomly allocated patients who received at least one dose of study intervention, and safety endpoints were assessed in the as-treated population. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02200770. Findings Between Jan 6, 2015, and Sept 24, 2018, 230 participants were randomly assigned to treatment and dosed, with 174 participants receiving inebilizumab and 56 receiving placebo. The randomised controlled period was stopped before complete enrolment, as recommended by the independent data-monitoring committee, because of a clear demonstration of efficacy. 21 (12%) of 174 participants receiving inebilizumab had an attack versus 22 (39%) of 56 participants receiving placebo (hazard ratio 0·272 [95% CI 0·150-0·496]; p<0·0001). Adverse events occurred in 125 (72%) of 174 participants receiving inebilizumab and 41 (73%) of 56 participants receiving placebo. Serious adverse events occurred in eight (5%) of 174 participants receiving inebilizumab and five (9%) of 56 participants receiving placebo. Interpretation Compared with placebo, inebilizumab reduced the risk of an NMOSD attack. Inebilizumab has potential application as an evidence-based treatment for patients with NMOSD. Funding MedImmune and Viela Bio.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In any case, the long-term persistence of (re-)activatable autoantigen-specific ThEx cells in patients in remission may well explain the less-than-perfect treatment efficacy of steroid-sparing agents, 64-67 depletion of CD19/CD20 memory B cells, 68,69 as well as exacerbation of disease by b -IFN. 27,70”
From Autoantigen-specific CD4+ T cells acquire an exhausted phenotype and persist in human antigen-specific autoimmune diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [68]
Citations
Cites
Revised diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica
Wingerchuk, D. M., Lennon, V. A., Pittock, S. J., Lucchinetti, C. F., & Weinshenker, B. G. (2006) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000216139.44259.74 · Cited by 2,568
Self-citationB-cell depletion with rituximab in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Hauser, S. L., Waubant, E., Arnold, D. L., Vollmer, T., Antel, J., Fox, R. J., Bar-Or, A., Panzara, M., Sarkar, N., Agarwal, S., et al. (2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0706383 · Cited by 2,439
The spectrum of neuromyelitis optica
Wingerchuk, D. M., Lennon, V. A., Lucchinetti, C. F., Pittock, S. J., & Weinshenker, B. G. (2007) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(07)70216-8 · Cited by 2,182
Self-citationOcrelizumab versus Interferon Beta-1a in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis
Hauser, S. L., Bar-Or, A., Comi, G., Giovannoni, G., Hartung, H.-P., Hemmer, B., Lublin, F., Montalban, X., Rammohan, K. W., Selmaj, K., et al. (2017) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1601277 · Cited by 2,021
Self-citationOcrelizumab versus Placebo in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
Montalban, X., Hauser, S. L., Kappos, L., Arnold, D. L., Bar-Or, A., Comi, G., de Seze, J., Giovannoni, G., Hartung, H.-P., Hemmer, B., et al. (2017) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1606468 · Cited by 1,905
Self-citationEculizumab in Aquaporin-4–Positive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
Pittock, S. J., Berthele, A., Fujihara, K., Kim, H. J., Levy, M., Palace, J. A., Nakashima, I., Terzi, M., Totolyan, N. A., Viswanathan, S., et al. (2019) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1900866 · Cited by 887
Self-citationAn open label study of the effects of rituximab in neuromyelitis optica
Cree, B., Lamb, S., Morgan, K., Chen, A., Waubant, E. L., & Genain, C. P. (2005) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000159399.81861.d5 · Cited by 646
Self-citationNeuromyelitis Optica Study Group (NEMOS), Trebst, C., Jarius, S., Berthele, A., Paul, F., Schippling, S., Wildemann, B., Borisow, N., Kleiter, I., Aktas, O., et al. (2014) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-013-7169-7 · Cited by 595
Self-citationIntrathecal pathogenic anti–aquaporin‐4 antibodies in early neuromyelitis optica
Bennett, J. L., Lam, C., Kalluri, S. R., Saikali, P., Bautista, K., Dupree, C., Glogowska, M. J., Case, D., Antel, J. P., Owens, G. P., et al. (2009) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21802 · Cited by 593
Self-citationNeuromyelitis optica IgG predicts relapse after longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis
Weinshenker, B. G., Wingerchuk, D. M., Vukusic, S., Linbo, L., Pittock, S. J., Lucchinetti, C. F., & Lennon, V. A. (2006) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.20770 · Cited by 585
Self-citation
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 742
Akaishi, T., Takeshita, T., Himori, N., Takahashi, T., Misu, T., Ogawa, R., Kaneko, K., Fujimori, J., Abe, M., Ishii, T., et al. (2020) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00932 · Cited by 49
Self-citationNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
Paul, S. A., Mondal, G. P., Bhattacharyya, R., Ghosh, K. C., & Bhat, I. A. (2020) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2020.117225 · Cited by 51
Emerging therapy options for IgG4-related disease
Lanzillotta, M., Fernández‐Codina, A., Culver, E. L., Ebbo, M., Martínez‐Valle, F., SCHLEINITZ, N., & Della‐Torre, E. (2021) · Expert Review of Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1080/1744666x.2021.1902310 · Cited by 50
“Inebilizumab is a humanized IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody against CD19 currently approved for the treatment of neuromyelitis optica [80].”
BackgroundTur, C., Dubessy, A., Otero‐Romero, S., Amato, M. P., Derfuss, T., Pauli, F. D., Iacobaeus, E., Mycko, M. P., Abboud, H., Achiron, A., et al. (2022) · Multiple Sclerosis Journal · doi:10.1177/13524585211069068 · Cited by 50
Self-citationReview of approved NMO therapies based on mechanism of action, efficacy and long-term effects
Brod, S. A. (2020) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2020.102538 · Cited by 48
“The N-MOmentum trial showed inebilizumab reduced relapse from 39% (22/56 patients receiving placebo) vs 12% (21/172 patients receiving inebilizumab) in all patients regardless of AQP4-IgG-sero-positivity (Cree et al., 2019).”
Targeting B cells to modify MS, NMOSD, and MOGAD
Graf, J., Mareš, J., Barnett, M. H., Aktaş, O., Albrecht, P., Zamvil, S. S., & Hartung, H.-P. (2021) · Neurology Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1212/nxi.0000000000000919 · Cited by 48
Self-citationNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder in China: Quality of life and medical care experience
Huang, W., ZhangBao, J., Chang, X., Wang, L., Zhao, C., Lu, J., Wang, M., Ding, X., Xu, Y., Zhou, L., et al. (2020) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2020.102542 · Cited by 47
Self-citationMagnetic resonance imaging in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
Clarke, L., Arnett, S., Lilley, K., Liao, J., Bhuta, S., & Broadley, S. (2021) · Clinical & Experimental Immunology · doi:10.1111/cei.13630 · Cited by 50
“Phases II/III clinical trials of inebilizumab (antiCD19 B- cell depletory) [52], satralizumab (anti- IL- 6) [53] and eculizumab (anti- complement 5) [54] monoclonal antibodies have all shown positive results in NMOSD.”
BackgroundBennett, J. L., Aktaş, O., Rees, W. A., Smith, M., Gunsior, M., Li, Y., She, D., Cimbora, D. M., Pittock, S. J., Weinshenker, B. G., et al. (2022) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104321 · Cited by 46
Self-citationThe Role of B Cells and B Cell Therapies in Immune-Mediated Liver Diseases
Cargill, T., & Culver, E. L. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.661196 · Cited by 46
A meta‐analysis comparing first‐line immunosuppressants in neuromyelitis optica
Giovannelli, J., Ciron, J., Cohen, M., Kim, H., Kim, S., Stellmann, J., Kleiter, I., McCreary, M., Greenberg, B. M., Deschamps, R., et al. (2021) · Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology · doi:10.1002/acn3.51451 · Cited by 46
Self-citationShah, K., Leandro, M. J., Cragg, M. S., Kollert, F., Schuler, F., Klein, C., & Reddy, V. R. (2024) · Clinical & Experimental Immunology · doi:10.1093/cei/uxae031 · Cited by 48
“The anti-CD19 mAb inebilizuzmab is approved for the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder [51] and showed initial promising results in a clinical trial in systemic sclerosis [52].”
BackgroundMarignier, R., Bennett, J. L., Kim, H. J., Weinshenker, B. G., Pittock, S. J., Wingerchuk, D. M., Fujihara, K., Paul, F., Cutter, G., Green, A., et al. (2021) · Neurology Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1212/nxi.0000000000000978 · Cited by 44
Self-citationSongwisit, S., Kosiyakul, P., Jitprapaikulsan, J., Prayoonwiwat, N., Ungprasert, P., & Siritho, S. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73882-8 · Cited by 43
Takai, Y., Kuroda, H., Misu, T., Akaishi, T., Nakashima, I., Takahashi, T., Nishiyama, S., Fujihara, K., & Aoki, M. (2021) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2021.102750 · Cited by 43
Self-citationCruz, R. A., Chaudhary, S., Guevara, M. E., & Meltzer, E. I. (2021) · Current Rheumatology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11926-021-01000-2 · Cited by 44
“Inebilizumab 300 mg IV qweek for 2 weeks, then 300 mg q6 months 12% vs 39% rate of attacks in the treatment arm compared to the placebo arm [68] -UTI -Arthralgias -Infusion-related reactions -Back pain - FDA-approved therapy for NMOSD.”
BackgroundMethodSchindler, P., Aktaş, O., Ringelstein, M., Wildemann, B., Jarius, S., Paul, F., & Ruprecht, K. (2022) · Expert Review of Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1080/1744666x.2023.2148657 · Cited by 43
“In the randomized controlled N-MOmentum trial [136], which compared the monoclonal anti-CD19-antibody inebilizumab to placebo in NMOSD (AQP4-IgG in 92%), initially equal serum GFAP concentrations diverged after 1 month of treatment and after 28 weeks were consistently and significantly lower in the inebilizumab group…”
BackgroundSelf-citationAntibody‐mediated rejection in xenotransplantation: Can it be prevented or reversed?
Habibabady, Z. A., McGrath, G., Kinoshita, K., Maenaka, A., Ileka, I., Elias, G. F., Zaletel, T., Rosales, I. A., Hara, H., Pierson, R. N., et al. (2023) · Xenotransplantation · doi:10.1111/xen.12816 · Cited by 42
de Bruijn, M. A. A. M., Leypoldt, F., Dalmau, J. O., Lee, S., Honnorat, J., Clardy, S. L., Irani, S. R., Easton, A., Kunchok, A. C., & Titulaer, M. J. (2025) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/s41572-025-00650-1 · Cited by 44
“Meta-analyses of patients with AE, NMOSD and paediatric CNS inflammatory disorders show promising results for rituximab therapy 142–145 .”
Jordan, S. C., Ammerman, N., Choi, J., Huang, E., Peng, A., Sethi, S., Najjar, R., Kim, I. K., Toyoda, M., Kumar, S., et al. (2020) · American Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.1111/ajt.15913 · Cited by 45
Kim, H., Lee, E., Lim, Y., & Kim, K. (2022) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2022.865730 · Cited by 43
Self-citationFichtner, M. L., Hoehn, K. B., Ford, E. E., Mané-Damas, M., Oh, S., Waters, P. J., Payne, A. S., Smith, M. L., Watson, C. T., Losen, M. H., et al. (2022) · Acta Neuropathologica Communications · doi:10.1186/s40478-022-01454-0 · Cited by 41
“We sorted for CD3-CD14-CD19+IgD-CD27+IgM-MuSK+ cells for the single cell B cell culture experiments.”
BackgroundInfluentialWang, Y., Chang, H., Zhang, X., & Yin, L. (2021) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2021.102843 · Cited by 41
Segal, Y., Soltys, J. N., Clarkson, B. D. S., Howe, C. L., Irani, S. R., & Pittock, S. J. (2025) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2024.12.006 · Cited by 40
Self-citationFujihara, K., & Cook, L. J. (2020) · Current Opinion in Neurology · doi:10.1097/wco.0000000000000828 · Cited by 40
Self-citationKuchling, J., & Paul, F. (2020) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00450 · Cited by 42
Self-citationKraker, J. A., & Chen, J. J.-W. (2023) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-023-11920-x · Cited by 47
Gender issues of antibody-mediated diseases in neurology: (NMOSD/autoimmune encephalitis/MG)
Altıntaş, A., Dargvainiene, J., Schneider‐Gold, C., Asgari, N., Ayzenberg, I., Ciplea, A. I., Junker, R., Leypoldt, F., Wandinger, K., & Hellwig, K. (2020) · Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders · doi:10.1177/1756286420949808 · Cited by 40
D'Souza, R., Wuebbolt, D., Andrejevic, K., Ashraf, R., Nguyen, V., Zaffar, N., Rotstein, D., & Wyne, A. (2020) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.544434 · Cited by 36
Marignier, R., Pittock, S. J., Paul, F., Kim, H. J., Bennett, J. L., Weinshenker, B. G., Wingerchuk, D. M., Green, A., Fujihara, K., Cutter, G., et al. (2021) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2021.103356 · Cited by 39
“This review was performed after the end of enrollment and the completion of the RCP. Efficacy outcomes for AQP4− participants were measured in accordance with the study protocol (Cree et al., 2019), and included annualized NMOSD attack rates (AARs), data permitting.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialSelf-citationHümmert, M. W., Schöppe, L. M., Bellmann-Strobl, J., Siebert, N., Paul, F., Duchow, A., Pellkofer, H., Kümpfel, T., Havla, J., Jarius, S., et al. (2022) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000200052 · Cited by 39
Self-citationDinoto, A., Sechi, E., Flanagan, E. P., Ferrari, S., Solla, P., Mariotto, S., & Chen, J. J.-W. (2022) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2022.866824 · Cited by 39
Advances in the Treatment of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
Wallach, A. I., Tremblay, M. A., & Kister, I. (2020) · Neurologic Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2020.09.003 · Cited by 38
“Inebilizumab, a humanized, affinity-optimized, afucosylated IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody against CD19 has undergone extensive clinical development for NMOSD culminating in a doubleblind, placebo-controlled phase 2/3 trial (N-Momentum).(6) The trial enrolled 230 adults with active NMOSD (at least one attack requiring…”
BackgroundAdverse Events in NMOSD Therapy
Giglhuber, K., & Berthele, A. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23084154 · Cited by 38
“All infusion reactions were mild or moderate, and they were most common with the first infusion [60].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialNeuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders
Costello, F. (2022) · CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology · doi:10.1212/con.0000000000001168 · Cited by 38
Intraocular dendritic cells characterize HLA-B27-associated acute anterior uveitis
Kasper, M., Heming, M., Schafflick, D., Li, X., Lautwein, T., zu Horste, M. M., Bauer, D., Walscheid, K., Wiendl, H., Loser, K., et al. (2021) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.67396 · Cited by 38
Eculizumab Use in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders
Ringelstein, M., Asseyer, S., Lindenblatt, G., Fischer, K., Pul, R., Škuljec, J., Lohmann, L., Giglhuber, K., Häußler, V., Karenfort, M., et al. (2024) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000209888 · Cited by 37
Self-citationTraub, J., Häusser‐Kinzel, S., & Weber, M. S. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21145021 · Cited by 37
Wingerchuk, D. M., Zhang, I., Kielhorn, A., Royston, M., Levy, M., Fujihara, K., Nakashima, I., Tanvir, I., Paul, F., & Pittock, S. J. (2021) · Neurology and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s40120-021-00295-8 · Cited by 40
“In addition, inebilizumab, a monoclonal antibody that evokes antibody-dependent cellular cytolysis by binding to the B-cell surface antigen cluster of differentiation 19 (CD19), has been shown to reduce the risk of relapse compared with placebo in a phase 2/3 placebo-controlled RCT (N-MOmentum) among patients with NMO…”
BackgroundSelf-citationYin, H., Wang, Y., Liu, M., Zhang, D., Ren, H., Mao, Z., Zhang, Y., Peng, B., Cui, L., & Xu, Y. (2023) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.26623 · Cited by 36
“Incomplete recovery from one NMOSD attack is common, and patients are at substantial risk of permanent disability or death.(4) Unlike multiple sclerosis, disability progression in NMOSD is rare outside clinical relapse.”
BackgroundEmerging therapeutic targets for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
Tradtrantip, L., Asavapanumas, N., & Verkman, A. S. (2020) · Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets · doi:10.1080/14728222.2020.1732927 · Cited by 35
“Compared with placebo, inebilizumab reduced the risk of an NMOSD attack [5].”
BackgroundNeuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Treatment—Current and Future Prospects
Waliszewska‐Prosół, M., Chojdak-Łukasiewicz, J., Budrewicz, S. P., & Pokryszko‐Dragan, A. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22062801 · Cited by 35
“Treatment was well tolerated, with the incidence of adverse events comparable to the placebo [60].”
BackgroundSymptomatic and restorative therapies in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
Abboud, H., Salazar-Camelo, A., George, N., Planchon, S. M., Matiello, M., Mealy, M. A., Goodman, A. D., Alroughani, R., Altıntaş, A., Apiwattanakul, M., et al. (2021) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-021-10783-4 · Cited by 36
Self-citationAlterations in Aquaporin‐4‐IgG Serostatus in 986 Patients: A Laboratory‐Based Longitudinal Analysis
Majed, M., Valencia-Sánchez, C., Bennett, J. L., Fryer, J. P., Mulligan, M. D., Redenbaugh, V., McKeon, A. B., Mills, J. R., Wingerchuk, D. M., Lennon, V. A., et al. (2023) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.26722 · Cited by 35
“…mechanisms, including broad T-and B-cell depletion (azathioprine, mycophenolate), 19,20 targeted B-cell depletion (rituximab, inebilizumab), 21,22 IL6 receptor inhibition (eg, satralizumab, tocilizumab), 23 and complement C5 neutralization (eculizumab, ravulizumab), 24,25 signi fi cantly…”
Self-citationPerspectives on current and emerging therapies for immunoglobulin G4–related disease
Tanaka, Y., & Stone, J. H. (2022) · Modern Rheumatology · doi:10.1093/mr/roac141 · Cited by 35
Cree, B., Berger, J. R., & Greenberg, B. M. (2025) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-025-01182-8 · Cited by 35
“…that IRR frequency may be complement-mediated is the observation that the afucosylated anti-CD19 mAb, inebilizumab, which does not activate complement, is not associated with a higher rate of IRRs compared with placebo—although, as with MS, pre-medications are used with inebilizumab infusions [31].”
Self-citationRigal, J., Ciron, J., Lepine, Z., & Biotti, D. (2020) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2020.102019 · Cited by 33
Xue, T., Yang, Y., Lu, Q., Gao, B., Chen, Z., & Wang, Z. (2020) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2020.102166 · Cited by 33
Ceglie, G., Papetti, L., Valeriani, M., & Merli, P. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21155304 · Cited by 33
“The most frequent side effects were infusion reactions [47].”
BackgroundInebilizumab: A Review in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
Nie, T., & Blair, H. A. (2022) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-022-00949-7 · Cited by 34
“A total of 231 eligible patients were randomized 3:1 into the inebilizumab or placebo treatment arms [14].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialHuang, W., Wang, L., Xia, J., Li, W., Wang, M., Yu, J. Y., Li, Q., Wang, B., Pan, J., Du, L., et al. (2022) · European Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1111/ene.15355 · Cited by 32
Hyun, J., Kim, Y., Kim, K. H., Kim, S., Olesen, M. N., Asgari, N., Siritho, S., Paul, F., & Kim, H. J. (2022) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-022-02450-w · Cited by 34
“Two recent clinical trials that applied the 2015 NMOSD criteria revealed that the efficacy of therapeutic agents for AQP4-negative NMOSD was unclear compared to that for AQP4-positive NMOSD [22, 23].”
BackgroundSelf-citationB cell targeted therapies in inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system
Furman, M. J., Meuth, S. G., Albrecht, P., Dietrich, M., Blum, H., Mareš, J., Milo, R., & Hartung, H. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1129906 · Cited by 33
Self-citationContentti, E. C., & Correa, J. (2020) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2020.102097 · Cited by 31
Häußler, V., Trebst, C., Engels, D., Pellkofer, H., Havla, J. B., Duchow, A. S., Schindler, P., Schwake, C., Pakeerathan, T., Fischer, K., et al. (2024) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp-2024-334764 · Cited by 31
Self-citationVelasco, M., Zarco, L. A., Agudelo-Arrieta, M., Torres-Camacho, I., Garcia-Cifuentes, E. R., & Múñoz, Ó. (2021) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2021.102869 · Cited by 31
Solomon, J. M., Paul, F., Chien, C., Oh, J., & Rotstein, D. (2021) · Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders · doi:10.1177/17562864211014389 · Cited by 32
Self-citationNeuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder With Anti-Aquaporin-4 Antibody: Outcome Prediction Models
Wang, L., Du, L., Li, Q., Li, F., Wang, B., Zhao, Y., Meng, Q., Li, W., Pan, J., Xia, J., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.873576 · Cited by 31
“2) Maintenance therapy Treatment episodes, n (patients exposed, n) Prednisone (≥ 6 months) 23 (19) 10 (8) AZA 227 (176) 50 (29) MMF 185 (142) 28 (25) TAC 48 (40) 1 (1) RTX 96 (70) 19 (16) CTX 24 (23) 7 (7) CsA 3 (3) 2 (2) MTX 2 (2) 0 (0) MIT 4 (4) 0 (0) IFN 7 (3) 0 (0) ASCT 3 (2) 0 (0) Acute attack therapy Treatment e…”
Factors associated with the misdiagnosis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
Smith, A. D., Moog, T. M., Burgess, K. W., McCreary, M., & Okuda, D. T. (2023) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2023.104498 · Cited by 35
Drug Treatment of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders: Out with the Old, in with the New?
Held, F., Klein, A.-K., & Berthele, A. (2021) · ImmunoTargets and Therapy · doi:10.2147/itt.s287652 · Cited by 30
Autoimmune Neurogenic Dysphagia
Stathopoulos, P., & Dalakas, M. C. (2021) · Dysphagia · doi:10.1007/s00455-021-10338-9 · Cited by 30
The clinical profile of NMOSD in Australia and New Zealand
Bukhari, W., Clarke, L., O’Gorman, C., Khalilidehkordi, E., Arnett, S., Prain, K. M., Woodhall, M. R., Silvestrini, R. A., Bundell, C. S., Ramanathan, S., et al. (2020) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-020-09716-4 · Cited by 29
Schmetzer, O., Lakin, E., Roediger, B., Duchow, A. S., Asseyer, S., Paul, F., & Siebert, N. (2021) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.635419 · Cited by 29
Self-citationMolazadeh, N., Filippatou, A. G., Vasileiou, E. S., Levy, M., & Sotirchos, E. S. (2021) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577702 · Cited by 31
Paraneoplastic Autoimmune Neurological Syndromes and the Role of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Duong, S. L., & Prüss, H. (2022) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-022-01184-0 · Cited by 29
“The phase II/III clinical trial N-MOmentum reported reduced relapse rates in NMOSD patients treated with inebilizumab, which is currently approved for the treatment of aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4)-positive NMOSD in adults [121].”
Tahara, M., Oeda, T., Okada, K., Ochi, K., Maruyama, H., Fukaura, H., Nomura, K., Shimizu, Y., Nakashima, I., Misu, T., et al. (2022) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2022.103730 · Cited by 29
Statistical analyses of ordinal outcomes in randomised controlled trials: a scoping review
Selman, C. J., Lee, K. J., Ferguson, K. N., Whitehead, C. L., Manley, B. J., & Mahar, R. K. (2024) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-024-08072-2 · Cited by 32
Next-generation antibody-based therapies in neurology
Ruck, T., Nimmerjahn, F., Wiendl, H., & Lünemann, J. D. (2021) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awab465 · Cited by 29
Current perspectives on the diagnosis and management of acute transverse myelitis
Tisavipat, N., & Flanagan, E. P. (2023) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1080/14737175.2023.2195095 · Cited by 27
“Serious adverse events were not different between inebilizumab and placebo [192], but hypogammaglobulinemia can occur over time and may be more frequent than with anti-CD20 treatments given its depletion of plasmablasts.”
BackgroundSechi, E. (2024) · CONTINUUM Lifelong Learning in Neurology · doi:10.1212/con.0000000000001454 · Cited by 30
Clarke, L., Arnett, S., Bukhari, W., Khalilidehkordi, E., Sanchez, S. J., O’Gorman, C., Sun, J., Prain, K. M., Woodhall, M. R., Silvestrini, R. A., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.722237 · Cited by 29
“The following exclusion criteria were applied (1) case reports with no relevant MRI findings, (2) no defined MRI findings or not relevant to NMOSD, (3) specialised MRI techniques or analysis, (4) review article or older diagnostic criteria, and (5) study solely focused on MOGAD.”
MethodRemlinger, J., Madarasz, A., Guse, K., Hoepner, R., Bagnoud, M., Meli, I., Feil, M., Abegg, M. H., Linington, C., Shock, A., et al. (2022) · Neurology Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1212/nxi.0000000000001134 · Cited by 27
Mané-Damas, M., Molenaar, P. C., Ulrichts, P., Marcuse, F. D., Baets, M. H. D., Martínez‐Martínez, P., & Losen, M. H. (2022) · Autoimmunity Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103104 · Cited by 27
Treatment and Relapse Prevention of Typical and Atypical Optic Neuritis
Saitakis, G., & Chwalisz, B. K. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23179769 · Cited by 27
Leite, M. I., Panahloo, Z., Harrison, N., & Palace, J. A. (2023) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2023.104760 · Cited by 28
Lotan, I., McGowan, R., & Levy, M. (2020) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x18666200429010825 · Cited by 27
Bruton’s tyrosine kinase-bearing B cells and microglia in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
Liu, Y., Huang, Z., Zhang, T., Han, B., Yang, G., Jia, D., Yang, L., Liu, Q., Lau, A. Y. L., Paul, F., et al. (2023) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-023-02997-2 · Cited by 29
Self-citationNakashima, I., Nakahara, J., Yasunaga, H., Yamashita, M., Nishijima, N., Satomura, A., Nio, M., & Fujihara, K. (2024) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2024.105502 · Cited by 26
Self-citationA general Fc engineering platform for the next generation of antibody therapeutics
Chen, D., Zhao, Y., Li, M., Shang, H., Li, N., Li, F., Wang, W., Wang, Y., Jin, R., Liu, S., et al. (2020) · Theranostics · doi:10.7150/thno.51299 · Cited by 26
“Several therapeutic antibodies with engineered Fc, such as obinutuzumab, mogamulizumab and recently inebilizumab are entering the clinic and demonstrating clinical benefit [12-14].”
BackgroundLucot, K. L., Stevens, M. Y., Bonham, T. A., Azevedo, E. C., Chaney, A. M., Webber, E. D., Jain, P., Klockow, J., Jackson, I. M., Carlson, M. L., et al. (2022) · Journal of Nuclear Medicine · doi:10.2967/jnumed.121.263039 · Cited by 26
“Cu-TREM1 mAb and Isotype Control Radiolabeling TREM1 mAb and isotype control mAb were radiolabeled using previously reported general copper-labeling methods (25,33,34).”
MethodRituximab De-escalation in Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder
Demuth, S., Collongues, N., Audoin, B., Ayrignac, X., Bourre, B., Ciron, J., Cohen, M., Deschamps, R., Durand‐Dubief, F., Maillart, É., et al. (2023) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000207443 · Cited by 26
“(3) Eculizumab, inebilizumab, and satralizumab are recently approved drugs for NMOSD whose RCTs were only published during the last years of our follow-up period.(32,33,48) These drugs will only be assessable after years of use.”
BackgroundSelf-citationShah, S. S., Morris, P., Buciuc, M., Tajfirouz, D., Wingerchuk, D. M., Weinshenker, B. G., Eggenberger, E. R., Di Nome, M., Pittock, S. J., Flanagan, E. P., et al. (2022) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000200838 · Cited by 26
Self-citationLiu, J., Zhang, X., Zhong, Y., & Liu, X. (2023) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2023.105007 · Cited by 25
Niino, M., Isobe, N., Araki, M., Ohashi, T., Okamoto, T., Ogino, M., Okuno, T., Ochi, H., Kawachi, I., Shimizu, Y., et al. (2024) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2024.105829 · Cited by 28
Self-citationKonitsioti, A., Prüß, H., Laurent, S. A., Fink, G. R., Heesen, C., & Warnke, C. (2024) · Journal of Neurology · doi:10.1007/s00415-024-12642-4 · Cited by 28
Abboud, H., Zheng, C. Y., Kar, I., Chen, C. K., Sau, C., & Serra, A. (2020) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2020.102249 · Cited by 25
Merits and culprits of immunotherapies for neurological diseases in times of COVID-19
Pawlitzki, M., Zettl, U. K., Ruck, T., Rolfes, L., Hartung, H.-P., & Meuth, S. G. (2020) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102822 · Cited by 26
Self-citationWang, T., Wang, B., Zeng, Z., Li, H., Zhang, F., Ruan, X., Wang, C., & Guo, S. (2021) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577527 · Cited by 25
Burden and cost of comorbidities in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
Exuzides, A., Sheinson, D. M., Sidiropoulos, P. N. M., Magrini, F., Gholizadeh, S., Surinach, A., Cook, L. J., Meyer, C. S., & Yeaman, M. R. (2021) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2021.117530 · Cited by 25
Perugino, C. A., Culver, E. L., Khosroshahi, A., Zhang, W., Della‐Torre, E., Okazaki, K., Tanaka, Y., Löhr, M. J., SCHLEINITZ, N., Falloon, J., et al. (2023) · Rheumatology and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s40744-023-00593-7 · Cited by 25
“Inebilizumab has been studied in several autoimmune inflammatory disorders, including phase 1 trials in systemic sclerosis [40] and multiple sclerosis [41], and a phase 2/3 trial in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) [42].”
BackgroundSelf-citationAdvances in the treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis
Trivioli, G., Moura, M. C., Kronbichler, A., Smith, R., Terrier, B., McAdoo, S. P., Jones, R. B., Merkel, P. A., & Jayne, D. R. W. (2025) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/s41584-025-01266-1 · Cited by 24
“Anti-CD19 monoclonal antibodies, such as inebilizumab, hold promise, because they can deplete CD20-negative plasmablasts, but they have not yet been used in AAV 102,103 .”
Zhang, X., Xiao, H., Liu, C., Zhao, L., Wang, J., Li, H., Wang, R., Zhu, Y., Chen, C., Wu, X., et al. (2020) · British Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-315842 · Cited by 25
Wang, Y., Ma, J., Chang, H., Zhang, X., & Yin, L. (2021) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2021.103181 · Cited by 24
Roßkopf, S., Eichholz, K. M., Winterberg, D., Diemer, K. J., Lutz, S., Münnich, I. A., Klausz, K., Rösner, T., Valerius, T., Schewe, D. M., et al. (2020) · Antibodies · doi:10.3390/antib9040063 · Cited by 24
“Clinically, promising results were obtained for monotherapy with the CD19 antibody inebilizumab, which is approved for treatment of the autoimmune disease neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, in a phase I study in relapsed or refractory lymphoma patients [35,36].”
BackgroundNakajima, A., Yanagimura, F., Saji, E., Shimizu, H., Toyoshima, Y., Yanagawa, K., Arakawa, M., Hokari, M., Yokoseki, A., Wakasugi, T., et al. (2024) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-024-02725-x · Cited by 28
“…observed when treating human NMOSD, even under B-cell depletion therapies, how do disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) that employ B-cell depletion [12, 70] or anti-interleukin (IL)-6 receptor antibodies [87] provide proof-of-concept data for preventing attacks without reducing the levels of…”
New Horizons for Multiple Sclerosis Therapy: 2025 and Beyond
Sabatino, J. J., Cree, B., & Hauser, S. L. (2025) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.27270 · Cited by 27
“…anti-CD19 monoclonal antibodies approved for use in the United States, and one, inebilizumab, is approved for treatment of neuro-myelitis optica, 81 these have not been rigorously tested in MS. Preliminary trials suggested that inebilizumab was effective in RMS, 82 but whether or not there is…”
Self-citationSpinal Cord Involvement in MS and Other Demyelinating Diseases
Marrodán, M., Gaitán, M. I., & Correale, J. D. (2020) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines8050130 · Cited by 23
Nasralla, S., & Abboud, H. (2020) · Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.msard.2020.102451 · Cited by 26
Sellner, J., Sitte, H. H., & Rommer, P. S. (2021) · Drug Discovery Today · doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2021.03.018 · Cited by 23
Cortese, R., Giorgio, A., Severa, G., & Stefano, N. D. (2021) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.679881 · Cited by 23
Metadata
- Authors
- Cree, B. A. C., Bennett, J. L., Kim, H. J., Weinshenker, B. G., Pittock, S. J., Wingerchuk, D. M., Fujihara, K., Paul, F., Cutter, G. R., Marignier, R., Green, A. J., Aktas, O., Hartung, H.-P., Lublin, F. D., Drappa, J., Barron, G., Madani, S., Ratchford, J. N., She, D., Cimbora, D., & Katz, E.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- University of Colorado Anschutz (US)
- National Cancer Center (KR)
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Mayo Clinic in Arizona (US)
- Fukushima Medical University (JP)
- Max Delbrück Center (DE)
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
- Hospices Civils de Lyon (FR)
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (DE)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Corresponding author
- Cree, Bruce A C
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Lancet
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2019-10
- Volume
- 394
- Issue
- 10206
- Pages
- 1352-1363
- ISSN
- 0099-5355 (ISSN-L)
- 0140-6736
- OpenAlex
- W2972221943
- Cited by
- 756
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 105 · 2025: 118 · 2024: 102 · 2023: 101 · 2022: 102 · 2021: 117 · 2020: 101 · 2019: 7
- FWCI
- 58.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Lancet (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- MDC Repository (Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Hospices Civils de Lyon
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome
- Keywords
- neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, inebilizumab, anti-CD19, B-cell depletion, relapse prevention, disability progression, Expanded Disability Status Scale, treatment-emergent adverse events, autoimmune CNS disease, treatment efficacy and safety, relapse-free survival
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Double-Blind Method, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuromyelitis Optica, Prospective Studies, Severity of Illness Index, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
