Enhancement of clavulanic acid production in Streptomyces clavuligerus with ornithine feeding

Chen et al. (2003) reported lower clavulanic acid yield in fed-batch fermentation with the addition of ornithine compared to batch fermentation.

“Nevertheless, another study reported lower clavulanic acid yield in fed-batch fermentation with the addition of ornithine as compared to batch fermentation (Chen et al., 2003).”

Chen et al. (2003) reported that fed-batch fermentation using glycerol, ornithine, and arginine yielded different amounts of clavulanic acid, with the highest amount with glycerol (300 mg/L), followed by arginine (210 mg/L), and the lowest with ornithine (110 mg/L).

“Chen et al. (2003) reported that fed-batch fermentation using glycerol, ornithine, and arginine; yielded different amounts of clavulanic acid, whereby the highest amount was demonstrated with glycerol (300 mg/L), followed by arginine (210 mg/L), and the lowest with ornithine (110 mg/L).”

Chen et al. (2003) found that media supplemented with ornithine contained higher clavulanic acid concentrations at 200 mg/L compared with arginine at 100 mg/L.

“Differing results were recorded by Chen et al. (2003) as media supplemented with ornithine contained higher concentrations of clavulanic acid at 200 mg/L, compared with arginine at 100 mg/L.”

Chen et al. (2003) discovered that arginine increased the production of clavulanic acid in fed-batch but not batch fermentation.

“Chen et al. (2003) discovered that ornithine increased the production of clavulanic acid in batch but not fed-batch fermentation, while arginine increased the production in fed-batch but not batch fermentation.”

Chen et al. (2003) discovered that ornithine increased the production of clavulanic acid in batch but not fed-batch fermentation.

“Chen et al. (2003) discovered that ornithine increased the production of clavulanic acid in batch but not fed-batch fermentation, while arginine increased the production in fed-batch but not batch fermentation.”

Only three studies reported the effect of amino acid in fed-batch fermentation.

“Only three studies reported the effect of amino acid in fed-batch fermentation (Chen et al., 2003; Saudagar and Singhal, 2007b; Teodoro et al., 2010);”