Treatment of generalised anxiety disorder with a short course of psychological therapy, combined with buspirone or placebo
Abstract
Background Very few studies have examined the combination of drug and psychological treatment in generalised anxiety disorder (GAD). Theoretically, buspirone should be a useful drug to combine with a learning-based therapy.Methods Sixty patients with GAD were randomly assigned to treatment with buspirone or placebo, combined with anxiety management training or non-directive therapy for a period of 8 weeks.Results Forty-four patients with a mean Hamilton Anxiety Scale score of 28 completed treatment. There were no significant differences between treatment groups. All groups showed significant improvement after 8 weeks compared to baseline. There were no baseline differences between those who completed the trial and those who did not but patients given buspirone were more likely to drop out.Conclusions A short course of psychological therapy, whether or not accompanied by active medication, was an effective treatment for patients diagnosed as having quite severe symptoms of GAD. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS AND LIMITATIONS: Dropouts led to a sample size which may have been too small to detect group differences. Cognitive therapy may have been more effective.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Previous attempts to increase the efficacy of CBT for GAD using more comprehensive methods have been met with limited success.
“Relatedly, previous attempts to increase the efficacy of CBT for GAD using more comprehensive methods have been met with limited success.”
From Behavioral Experiments for Intolerance of Uncertainty: A Randomized Clinical Trial for Adults With Generalized Anxiety Disorder (2022) · cites this paper as Bond et al., 2002
Studies that have combined CBT with pharmacotherapy have produced inconclusive results.
“For example, studies that have combined CBT with pharmacotherapy have produced inconclusive results (e.g., Bond et al., 2002).”
From Behavioral Experiments for Intolerance of Uncertainty: A Randomized Clinical Trial for Adults With Generalized Anxiety Disorder (2022) · cites this paper as Bond et al., 2002
Cites
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x · Cited by 47,139 · see citing works
The assessment of anxiety states by rating
HAMILTON, M. (1959) · British Journal of Medical Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1959.tb00467.x · Cited by 11,455 · see citing works
A Rating Instrument For Anxiety Disorders
Zung, W. W. K. (1971) · Psychosomatics · doi:10.1016/s0033-3182(71)71479-0 · Cited by 4,578 · see citing works
The use of analogue scales in rating subjective feelings
BOND, A., & LADER, M. (1974) · British Journal of Medical Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1974.tb02285.x · Cited by 1,972 · see citing works
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III-R)
Spitzer, R. L., & Williams, J. (1987) · Cited by 1,621 · see citing works
DSM-III-R Generalized Anxiety Disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey
Wittchen, H.-U. (1994) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950050015002 · Cited by 967 · see citing works
Differentiating anxiety and depression: A test of the cognitive content-specificity hypothesis.
Beck, A. T., Brown, G. P., Steer, R. A., Eidelson, J. I., & al, E. (1987) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.96.3.179 · Cited by 707 · see citing works
Differentiating anxiety and depression: A test of the cognitive content-specificity hypothesis.
Beck, A. T., Brown, G. P., Steer, R. A., et al. (1987) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.96.3.179 · Cited by 529 · see citing works
Butler, G., Fennell, M. J. V., Robson, P., & Gelder, M. (1991) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.59.1.167 · Cited by 365 · see citing works
Butler, G., Fennell, M., Robson, P., & Gelder, M. (1991) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.59.1.167 · Cited by 365 · see citing works
Durham, R. C., Murphy, T., Allan, T., Richard, K., Treliving, L., & Fenton, G. (1994) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.165.3.315 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Generalized anxiety disorder: A review of clinical features and theoretical concepts
Rapee, R. M. (1991) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/0272-7358(91)90116-c · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Cognitive Behavioral Treatment Compared With Nonprescriptive Treatment of Panic Disorder
Shear, M. K. (1994) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950050055006 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Lader, M. H., & Scotto, J. (1998) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002130050731 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Anxiety Management for Persistent Generalised Anxiety
Butler, G., Cullington, A., Hibbert, G. A., Klimeš, I., & Gelder, M. (1987) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.151.4.535 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Friedlr, K., King, M., Lloyd, M., & Horder, J. (1997) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(97)05298-7 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Generalised anxiety: A controlled treatment study
Blowers, C. M., Cobb, J. P., & Mathews, A. (1987) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(87)90057-x · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Roy‐Byrne, P. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Fulton, B., & Brogden, R. N. (1997) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.2165/00023210-199707010-00007 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Power, K., Jerrom, D. W. A., Simpson, R., Mitchell, M. J., & Swanson, V. (1989) · Behavioural Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s0141347300015597 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Psychological Treatment of Generalised Anxiety Disorder
Durham, R. C., & Allan, T. (1993) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.163.1.19 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Efficacy of buspirone in generalized anxiety disorder with coexisting mild depressive symptoms.
Sramek, J. J., Tansman, M., Suri, A., Hornig, M., Amsterdam, J. D., Stahl, S. M., Weisler, R. H., & Cutler, N. R. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Hoehn‐Saric, R. (1998) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.2165/00023210-199809020-00002 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Power, K., & Sharp, D. M. (1995) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/026988119500900113 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Lams, P. (2003) · Surveyor magazine · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Hunt, C., & Singh, M. (1991) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/09540269109110402 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A Meta-Analytic Review of Adult Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment Outcome Across the Anxiety Disorders
Norton, P. J., & Price, E. C. (2007) · Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/01.nmd.0000253843.70149.9a · Cited by 612 · see citing works
Newman, M. G., Llera, S. J., Erickson, T. M., Przeworski, A., & Castonguay, L. G. (2013) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185544 · Cited by 472 · see citing works
Psychological therapies for generalised anxiety disorder
Hunot, V., Churchill, R., Teixeira, V., & Silva de Lima, M. (2007) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd001848.pub4 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Azapirones for generalized anxiety disorder
Chessick, C. A., Allen, M. H., Thase, M. E., Batista Miralha da Cunha, A. A., Kapczinski, F., Silva de Lima, M., & dos Santos Souza, J. J. (2006) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd006115 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Hofmann, S. G., Sawyer, A. T., Korte, K. J., & Smits, J. A. J. (2009) · International Journal of Cognitive Therapy · doi:10.1521/ijct.2009.2.2.160 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Kishita, N., & Laidlaw, K. (2017) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2017.01.003 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Acute and Chronic Treatment
Rynn, M. A., & Brawman‐Mintzer, O. (2004) · CNS Spectrums · doi:10.1017/s1092852900022367 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Anxiety Symptoms and Generalized Anxiety Disorder in the Elderly: A Review
Alwahhabi, F. (2003) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/10673220303944 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Dugas, M. J., Sexton, K. A., Hebert, E. A., Bouchard, S., Gouin, J.-P., & Shafran, R. (2022) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2022.05.003 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Hidalgo, R. B., & Sheehan, D. V. (2012) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-52002-9.00019-x · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Demertzis, K. H., & Craske, M. G. (2006) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-28370-8_30 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Tolin, D. F. (2017) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2017.08.007 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Integrating pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy in the management of anxiety disorders
Kuzma, J. M., & Black, D. W. (2004) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-004-0076-y · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Treatments for generalized anxiety disorder
Struzik, L., Vermani, M., Coonerty-Femiano, A., & Katzman, M. A. (2004) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/14737175.4.2.285 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Cognitive behavioral psychotherapy for generalized anxiety disorder: a primer
Erickson, T. M., & Newman, M. G. (2005) · Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1586/14737175.5.2.247 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Predictors of Treatment Outcome
Durham, R. C. (2006) · doi:10.1002/9780470713143.ch21 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
New Trends in the Treatment of Anxiety Disorders
Brawman‐Mintzer, O., & Yonkers, K. A. (2004) · CNS Spectrums · doi:10.1017/s1092852900002339 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Pan, D., Huey, S. J., & Heflin, L. (2017) · Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1080/10503307.2017.1325023 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Bouchard, S., Guitard, T., Laforest, M., Dumoulin, S., Boulanger, J., & Bernier, F. (2012) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/39184 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
(2007) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-141600208-6.50006-1 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
4. Trastorno de ansiedad generalizada
López, A. B. (1998) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Sampaio, T. P. D. A. (2020) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.47.2020.tde-28052020-192438
Alladin, A. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118509869.refs
Kapfhammer, H. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-33129-2_58
Garay, C. J., Rosales, M. G., & Etchevers, M. J. (2012) · IV Congreso Internacional de Investigación y Práctica Profesional en Psicología XIX Jornadas de Investigación VIII Encuentro de Investigadores en Psicología del MERCOSUR
- Authors
- Bond, A. J., Wingrove, J., Valerie Curran, H., & Lader, M. H.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Bond, Alyson J
- Venue
- Journal of Affective Disorders
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-12
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 267-271
- ISSN
- 0165-0327 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2089270788
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2022: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Affective Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychological Treatments and Disorders
- Keywords
- generalized anxiety disorder, buspirone, anxiety management training, non-directive therapy, treatment discontinuation, cognitive therapy, placebo comparison
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anxiety Disorders, Buspirone, Combined Modality Therapy, Humans, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Patient Dropouts, Placebos, Severity of Illness Index, Anti-Anxiety Agents, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
