The DOI matches its Crossref record; 97 of the 105 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Factors influencing children to self-disclose sexual abuse
Abstract
Self-disclosure by victims of child sexual abuse (CSA) is critical to initiate legal and therapeutic intervention. Unfortunately, research indicates that lengthy delays in disclosure and even nondisclosure are common. A comprehensive review of the clinical and research literature on CSA and an overview of related bodies of literature was conducted. Areas addressed include the context of sexual abuse as it relates to disclosure, the context and elements of children's disclosures, motivational factors inhibiting disclosure, and models of the disclosure process. Ancillary and analogue research on secrecy and disclosure are also reviewed. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
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Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Children rarely realize, prior to disclosing, the extent of chaos it can create (Finkel, 2012); the entire process has the potential to provoke full-blown crises due to the high levels of distress it engendered for families (Tavker, & Hansen, 2011;Paine, & Hansen, 2002;Ullman, 2003).”
From The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors (2016) · cites this paper as Paine, & Hansen, 2002
In the citing paper
“Similarly, Paine, and Hansen (2002) explained that disclosure of CSA was important as it allowed for both treatment to be possible and an investigation to begin.”
From The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors (2016) · cites this paper as Paine, and Hansen (2002)
In the citing paper
“Paine and Hansen’s (2002) original review covering the literature largely from the premillennium era”
From Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016) (2019) · cites this paper as Paine and Hansen (2002)
In the citing paper
“Previous literature reviews examining factors influencing CSA disclosure have served the field well but are no longer current.”
From Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016) (2019) · cites this paper as Paine and Hansen (2002)
In the citing paper
“Failure to report was highest in day-care centers (88%) and schools (76%; Paine and Hansen, 2002).”
From Safe schools for teens: Preventing sexual abuse of urban poor teens, proof-of-concept study-improving teachers'and students'knowledge, skills and attitudes (2020) · cites this paper as Paine and Hansen, 2002
In the citing paper
“There is significant evidence that many professionals who are mandated to report abuse often fail to recognize maltreatment or report their suspicions (Paine and Hansen, 2002; Goebbels et al., 2008).”
From Safe schools for teens: Preventing sexual abuse of urban poor teens, proof-of-concept study-improving teachers'and students'knowledge, skills and attitudes (2020) · cites this paper as Paine and Hansen, 2002
Citations
Cites
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Bierstedt, R., & Blau, P. M. (1965) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2091154 · Cited by 13,625
Impact of sexual abuse on children: A review and synthesis of recent empirical studies
Kendall-Tackett, K. A., Williams, L. M., & Finkelhor, D. (1993) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.113.1.164 · Cited by 2,537
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Bandura, A. (2008) · The International Encyclopedia of Communication · doi:10.1002/9781405186407.wbiecs053 · Cited by 1,902
Finkelhor, D., Hotaling, G., Lewis, I. A., & Smith, C. (1990) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/0145-2134(90)90077-7 · Cited by 1,754 · cited 7×
“Regardless of a child’s gender, studies consistently indicate that the victim–perpetrator relationship in cases of CSA is most often a familiar one (Berliner & Conte, 1995; Elliott et al., 1995; Faller, 1989; Finkelhor et al., 1990; Gomes-Schwartz et al., 1990; Ligezinska, Firestone, et al., 1996; Sorenson & Snow, 199…”
BackgroundInfluentialMaltreatment and disabilities: a population-based epidemiological study
Sullivan, P. M., & Knutson, J. F. (2000) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/s0145-2134(00)00190-3 · Cited by 1,094
A sourcebook on child sexual abuse
Finkelhor, D. (1987) · Journal of Criminal Justice · doi:10.1016/0047-2352(87)90085-7 · Cited by 1,038
A Sourcebook on Child Sexual Abuse
Garbarino, J., & Finkelhor, D. (1987) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.2307/352218 · Cited by 644
Child sexual abuse prevention: What offenders tell us
Elliott, M., Browne, K. O., & Kilcoyne, J. (1995) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/0145-2134(95)00017-3 · Cited by 452
Byrne, D., & Griffitt, W. B. (1973) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.24.020173.001533 · Cited by 432
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Clarke-Stewart, A., Thompson, T., & Lapore, S. (1989). Manipulating children's interpretations throughout interrogation. In: G. Goodman (Chair), Can children provide accurate eyewitness reports? Symposium presented at the meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, Kansas City, MO.
- Jennings, 1993, Female child molestation: a review of the literature, 241
- Mendelsohn, C. (1994). Child sexual abuse: the relation between victim disclosure and familial closeness of perpetrator. Doctoral dissertation, Rutgers University. Dissertation Abstracts Online No. 01367090.
- Oxman-Martinez, 1997, La baisse d'abuse sexuels, Revue quebecoise de Psychologie, 18, 77
- Saywitz, K., Goodman, G., Nicholas, E., & Moan, S. (1989). Children's memory for a genital exam: implications for sexual abuse cases. In Goodman, G. (Chair), Can children provide accurate eyewitness reports? Symposium presented at the meeting of the Society for Research in Child Development, KS City, MO.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016)
Alaggia, R., Collin-Vézina, D., & Lateef, R. (2019) · Trauma, Violence, & Abuse · doi:10.1177/1524838017697312 · Cited by 636
“…role are less likely to disclose immediately or at all in childhood/adolescence because of obvious power differentials and dependency needs (Collings et al., 2005; Dumont et al., 2014; Hershkowitz et al., 2005; Kogan, 2004; Leclerc & Wortley, 2015; Paine & Hansen, 2002; Schaeffer et al., 2011).”
BackgroundDisclosure of child sexual abuse: what does the research tell us about the ways that children tell?
London, K., Bruck, M., Ceci, S. J., & Shuman, D. W. (2005) · Psychology, Public Policy, and Law · doi:10.1037/1076-8971.11.1.194 · Cited by 599
“disturbing numbers of children deny their sexual victimization even in the face of compelling evidence to the contrary” (Paine & Hansen, 2002, p. 290); and “Investigations of abuse have frequently been impeded when children fail to disclose abuse, deny abuse that has occurred, or recant a prior disclosure” ( Paine & H…”
InfluentialLalor, K., & McElvaney, R. (2010) · Trauma, Violence, & Abuse · doi:10.1177/1524838010378299 · Cited by 376
“CSA includes a broad range of behaviors, which can be perpetrated across a broad range of intrafamilial and extrafamilial relationships, and there is considerable variability in the duration and frequency of the abuse (Paine & Hansen, 2002).”
BackgroundChild sexual abuse is largely hidden from the adult society
Priebe, G., & Svedin, C. G. (2008) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.04.001 · Cited by 364
Collin-Vézina, D., De La Sablonnière-Griffin, M., Palmer, A. M., & Milne, L. (2015) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.03.010 · Cited by 298
Metadata
- Authors
- Paine, M. L., & Hansen, D. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Nebraska–Lincoln (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hansen, David J
- ORCID
- Hansen, David J
- Venue
- Clinical Psychology Review
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2002-03
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 271-295
- ISSN
- 0272-7358 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2144033829
- Cited by
- 502
- References
- 105
- Citations by year
- 2026: 33 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 9.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lincoln (University of Nebraska) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Military, Security, and Education Studies
- Keywords
- child sexual abuse, disclosure, self-disclosure, non-disclosure, disclosure delay, secrecy, motivational factors, child victims
- MeSH terms
- Child, Child Abuse, Sexual, Family, Female, Humans, Male, Motivation, Self Disclosure, Social Environment
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