Factors influencing children to self-disclose sexual abuse

Paine, Mary L; Hansen, David J

doi:10.1016/s0272-7358(01)00091-5

Cited by 502Child Abuse and TraumaSexual Assault and Victimization StudiesMilitary, Security, and Education Studies

Factors influencing children to self-disclose sexual abuse

Paine, Mary L, Hansen, David J·2002·Clinical Psychology Review

DOI 10.1016/s0272-7358(01)00091-5

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Abstract

Self-disclosure by victims of child sexual abuse (CSA) is critical to initiate legal and therapeutic intervention. Unfortunately, research indicates that lengthy delays in disclosure and even nondisclosure are common. A comprehensive review of the clinical and research literature on CSA and an overview of related bodies of literature was conducted. Areas addressed include the context of sexual abuse as it relates to disclosure, the context and elements of children's disclosures, motivational factors inhibiting disclosure, and models of the disclosure process. Ancillary and analogue research on secrecy and disclosure are also reviewed. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.

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The disclosure process can trigger severe family crises because it generates intense distress.
“Children rarely realize, prior to disclosing, the extent of chaos it can create (Finkel, 2012); the entire process has the potential to provoke full-blown crises due to the high levels of distress it engendered for families (Tavker, & Hansen, 2011;Paine, & Hansen, 2002;Ullman, 2003).”
From The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors (2016) · cites this paper as Paine, & Hansen, 2002
Telling about abuse matters because it opens the way for therapy and for an official inquiry.
“Similarly, Paine, and Hansen (2002) explained that disclosure of CSA was important as it allowed for both treatment to be possible and an investigation to begin.”
From The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors (2016) · cites this paper as Paine, and Hansen (2002)
Paine and Hansen's (2002) original review covered the literature largely from the premillennium era.
“Paine and Hansen’s (2002) original review covering the literature largely from the premillennium era”
From Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016) (2019) · cites this paper as Paine and Hansen (2002)
Previous literature reviews examining factors influencing CSA disclosure are no longer current.
“Previous literature reviews examining factors influencing CSA disclosure have served the field well but are no longer current.”
From Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016) (2019) · cites this paper as Paine and Hansen (2002)
Failure to report child abuse was highest in day-care centers (88%) and schools (76%).
“Failure to report was highest in day-care centers (88%) and schools (76%; Paine and Hansen, 2002).”
From Safe schools for teens: Preventing sexual abuse of urban poor teens, proof-of-concept study-improving teachers'and students'knowledge, skills and attitudes (2020) · cites this paper as Paine and Hansen, 2002

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Self-citation
Why do child sexual abuse victims not tell anyone about their abuse? An exploration of factors that prevent and promote disclosure
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Factores inhibidores de la revelación de abuso sexual infantil
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Authors: Paine, M. L., & Hansen, D. J.
Affiliations: University of Nebraska–Lincoln (US)
Corresponding author: Hansen, David J
ORCID: Hansen, David J
Venue: Clinical Psychology Review
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2002-03
Volume: 22
Issue: 2
Pages: 271-295
ISSN: 0272-7358 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/s0272-7358(01)00091-5
OpenAlex: W2144033829
Cited by: 502
References: 105
Citations by year: 2026: 33 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 41 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 9.54
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Clinical Psychology Review (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Lincoln (University of Nebraska) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Military, Security, and Education Studies
Keywords: child sexual abuse, disclosure, self-disclosure, non-disclosure, disclosure delay, secrecy, motivational factors, child victims
MeSH terms: Child, Child Abuse, Sexual, Family, Female, Humans, Male, Motivation, Self Disclosure, Social Environment

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