The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Adjusting for multiple testing—when and how?
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
No adjustments are needed for multiple comparisons.
Rothman, K. J. (1990) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/00001648-199001000-00010 · Cited by 5,965
What's wrong with Bonferroni adjustments
Perneger, T. V. (1998) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.316.7139.1236 · Cited by 5,900
Multiple Comparison Procedures
Hochberg, Y., & Tamhane, A. C. (1987) · Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics · doi:10.1002/9780470316672 · Cited by 2,389
Adjusting for multiple testing when reporting research results: the Bonferroni vs Holm methods.
Aickin, M., & Gensler, H. (1996) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.86.5.726 · Cited by 1,346
Yusuf, S. (1991) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1991.03470010097038 · Cited by 1,014
Pocock, S. J. (1997) · Controlled Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/s0197-2456(97)00008-1 · Cited by 184
Research works printed but not linked: 53
- Koch, 1996, Statistical considerations for multiplicity in confirmatory protocols, Drug Inf J, 30, 523, 10.1177/009286159603000228 · DOI
- Sankoh, 1997, Some comments on frequently used multiple endpoint adjustment methods in clinical trials, Stat Med, 16, 2529, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19971130)16:22<2529::AID-SIM692>3.0.CO;2-J · DOI
- 1995, Biostatistical methodology in clinical trials in applications for marketing authorizations for medical products, Stat Med, 14, 1659, 10.1002/sim.4780141507 · DOI
- Savitz, 1995, Multiple comparisons and related issues in the interpretation of epidemiologic data, Am J Epidemiol, 142, 904, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117737 · DOI · Paper page
- Savitz, 1998, Describing data requires no adjustment for multiple comparisons, Am J Epidemiol, 147, 813, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009532 · DOI
- Aickin, 1999, Other method for adjustment of multiple testing exists, BMJ, 318, 127, 10.1136/bmj.318.7176.127a · DOI
- Bender, 1999, Multiple test procedures other than Bonferroni's deserve wider use, BMJ, 318, 600, 10.1136/bmj.318.7183.600a · DOI
- Bauer, 1991, Multiple testing in clinical trials, Stat Med, 10, 871, 10.1002/sim.4780100609 · DOI
- Thompson, 1990, Invited commentary, Am J Epidemiol, 147, 801, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009530 · DOI
- Goodman, 1998, Multiple comparisons, explained, Am J Epidemiol, 147, 807, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009531 · DOI
- O'Brien, 1983, The appropriateness of analysis of variance and multiple comparison procedures, Biometrics, 39, 787, 10.2307/2531110 · DOI
- Wright, 1992, Adjusted p-values for simultaneous inference, Biometrics, 48, 1005, 10.2307/2532694 · DOI · Paper page
- Bland, 1995, Multiple significance tests, BMJ, 310, 170, 10.1136/bmj.310.6973.170 · DOI · Paper page
- Levin, 1996, Annotation, Am J Public Health, 86, 628, 10.2105/AJPH.86.5.628 · DOI
- Holm, 1979, A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure, Scand J Stat, 6, 65
- Marcus, 1976, On closed testing procedures with special reference to ordered analysis of variance, Biometrika, 63, 655, 10.1093/biomet/63.3.655 · DOI · Paper page
- Westfall, 1993, Reader reaction, Biometrics, 49, 941, 10.2307/2532216 · DOI
- Altman, 1996, Comparing several groups using analysis of variance, BMJ, 312, 1472, 10.1136/bmj.312.7044.1472 · DOI
- Godfrey, 1985, Comparing means of several groups, N Engl J Med, 313, 1450, 10.1056/NEJM198512053132305 · DOI · Paper page
- Seaman, 1991, New developments in pairwise multiple comparisons, Psychol Bull, 110, 577, 10.1037/0033-2909.110.3.577 · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.110.3.577 · Paper page
- Zhang, 1997, Some statistical methods for multiple endpoints in clinical trials, Contr Clin Trials, 18, 204, 10.1016/S0197-2456(96)00129-8 · DOI
- O'Brien, 1984, Procedures for comparing samples with multiple endpoints, Biometrics, 40, 1079, 10.2307/2531158 · DOI · Paper page
- Pocock, 1987, The analysis of multiple endpoints in clinical trials, Biometrics, 43, 487, 10.2307/2531989 · DOI · Paper page
- Läuter, 1996, Exact t and F tests for analyzing studies with multiple endpoints, Biometrics, 52, 964, 10.2307/2533057 · DOI
- Follmann, 1995, Multivariate tests for multiple endpoints in clinical trials, Stat Med, 14, 1163, 10.1002/sim.4780141103 · doi:10.1002/sim.4780141103
- Lehmacher, 1991, Procedures for two-sample comparisons with multiple endpoints controlling the experimentwise error rate, Biometrics, 47, 511, 10.2307/2532142 · DOI
- Moyé, 1998, P-value interpretation and alpha allocation in clinical trials, Ann Epidemiol, 8, 351, 10.1016/S1047-2797(98)00003-9 · DOI
- Moyé, 2000, Alpha calculus in clinical trials, Stat Med, 19, 767, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(20000330)19:6<767::AID-SIM518>3.0.CO;2-U · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(20000330)19:6<767::aid-sim518>3.0.co;2-u
- Cnaan, 1997, Tutorial in biostatistics, Stat Med, 16, 2349, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19971030)16:20<2349::AID-SIM667>3.0.CO;2-E · DOI
- Burton, 1998, Tutorial in biostatistics, Stat Med, 17, 1261, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19980615)17:11<1261::AID-SIM846>3.0.CO;2-Z · DOI
- Matthews, 1990, Analysis of serial measurements in medical research, BMJ, 300, 230, 10.1136/bmj.300.6719.230 · DOI · Paper page
- Senn, 2000, Tutorial in biostatistics, Stat Med, 19, 861, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(20000330)19:6<861::AID-SIM407>3.0.CO;2-F · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(20000330)19:6<861::aid-sim407>3.0.co;2-f
- Zerbe, 1986, On multiple comparisons in the randomization analysis of growth and response curves, Biometrics, 42, 795, 10.2307/2530694 · doi:10.2307/2530694
- Oxman, 1992, A consumer's guide to subgroup analysis, Ann Intern Med, 116, 78, 10.7326/0003-4819-116-1-78 · DOI · Paper page
- Feinstein, 1998, The problem of cogent subgroups, J Clin Epidemiol, 51, 297, 10.1016/S0895-4356(98)00004-3 · DOI
- Buyse, 1989, Analysis of clinical trial outcomes, Contr Clin Trials., 10, 187S, 10.1016/0197-2456(89)90057-3 · DOI
- Peto, 1976, Design and analysis of randomised clinical trials requiring prolonged observation of each patient. I. Introduction and design, Br J Cancer, 34, 585, 10.1038/bjc.1976.220 · DOI · Paper page
- O'Brien, 1979, A multiple testing procedure for clinical trials, Biometrics, 35, 549, 10.2307/2530245 · DOI · Paper page
- DeMets, 1984, Overview of sequential methods and their applications in clinical trials, Commun Stat A, 13, 2315, 10.1080/03610928408828829 · DOI
- Geller, 1987, Interim analyses in randomized clinical trials, Biometrics, 43, 213, 10.2307/2531962 · DOI
- Jennison, 1990, Statistical approaches to interim monitoring of medical trials, Stat Sci, 5, 299, 10.1214/ss/1177012099 · DOI
- Pocock, 1993, Statistical and ethical issues in monitoring clinical trials, Stat Med, 12, 1459, 10.1002/sim.4780121512 · DOI
- Lee, 1994, Group sequential testing in clinical trials with multivariate observations, Stat Med, 13, 101, 10.1002/sim.4780130202 · DOI
- Facey, 1998, The management of interim analyses in drug development, Stat Med, 17, 1801, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19980815/30)17:15/16<1801::AID-SIM981>3.0.CO;2-L · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19980815/30)17:15/16<1801::aid-sim981>3.0.co;2-l
- Skovlund, 1999, Repeated significance tests on accumulating survival data, J Clin Epidemiol, 52, 1083, 10.1016/S0895-4356(99)00090-6 · DOI
- 1991, U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS), Diabetologia, 34, 877, 10.1007/BF00400195 · DOI · Paper page
- 1998, Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34), Lancet, 352, 854, 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)07037-8 · DOI · Paper page
- 1998, Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes, BMJ, 317, 703, 10.1136/bmj.317.7160.703 · DOI · Paper page
- 1998, Efficacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes, BMJ, 317, 713, 10.1136/bmj.317.7160.713 · DOI · Paper page
- de Fine Olivarius, 1998, The UK Prospective Diabetes Study, Lancet, 352, 1933, 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)60423-0 · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)60423-0
- Fayers, 1997, Tutorial in biostatistics, Stat Med, 16, 1413, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19970630)16:12<1413::AID-SIM578>3.3.CO;2-L · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19970630)16:12<1413::aid-sim578>3.3.co;2-l
- Clayton, 1987, Empirical Bayes estimates of age-standardized relative risks for use in disease mapping, Biometrics, 43, 671, 10.2307/2532003 · DOI · Paper page
- Greenland, 1991, Empirical-Bayes adjustments for multiple comparisons are sometimes useful, Epidemiology, 2, 244, 10.1097/00001648-199107000-00002 · DOI
Cited by
Duration of Humoral Immunity to Common Viral and Vaccine Antigens
Amanna, I. J., Carlson, N. E., & Slifka, M. K. (2007) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa066092 · Cited by 1,286
Robinson, J. L., Lee, E. B., Xie, S. X., Rennert, L., Suh, E., Bredenberg, C., Caswell, C., Van Deerlin, V. M., Yan, N., Yousef, A., et al. (2018) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awy146 · Cited by 729
Holwerda, T. J., Deeg, D. J. H., Beekman, A. T. F., van Tilburg, T. G., Stek, M. L., Jonker, C., & Schoevers, R. A. (2014) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp-2012-302755 · Cited by 633
Hemkens, L. G., Grouven, U., Bender, R., Günster, C., Gutschmidt, S., Selke, G. W., & Sawicki, P. T. (2009) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-009-1418-4 · Cited by 607
Self-citationDo Student Samples Provide an Accurate Estimate of the General Public?
Hanel, P. H. P., & Vione, K. C. (2016) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168354 · Cited by 510
“, differences between both sample types for country X) should be tested in further confirmatory studies [25].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Bender, R., & Lange, S.
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-04
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 343-349
- ISSN
- 0895-4356 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2029445248
- Cited by
- 3,004
- References
- 7
- FWCI
- 12.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.