Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 3,004

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Adjusting for multiple testing—when and how?

Bender, Ralf, Lange, Stefan·2001·Journal of Clinical Epidemiology

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s0895-4356(00)00314-0

Cites

7 of 7 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 53

  1. Koch, 1996, Statistical considerations for multiplicity in confirmatory protocols, Drug Inf J, 30, 523, 10.1177/009286159603000228 · DOI
  2. Sankoh, 1997, Some comments on frequently used multiple endpoint adjustment methods in clinical trials, Stat Med, 16, 2529, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19971130)16:22<2529::AID-SIM692>3.0.CO;2-J · DOI
  3. 1995, Biostatistical methodology in clinical trials in applications for marketing authorizations for medical products, Stat Med, 14, 1659, 10.1002/sim.4780141507 · DOI
  4. Savitz, 1995, Multiple comparisons and related issues in the interpretation of epidemiologic data, Am J Epidemiol, 142, 904, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117737 · DOI · Paper page
  5. Savitz, 1998, Describing data requires no adjustment for multiple comparisons, Am J Epidemiol, 147, 813, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009532 · DOI
  6. Aickin, 1999, Other method for adjustment of multiple testing exists, BMJ, 318, 127, 10.1136/bmj.318.7176.127a · DOI
  7. Bender, 1999, Multiple test procedures other than Bonferroni's deserve wider use, BMJ, 318, 600, 10.1136/bmj.318.7183.600a · DOI
  8. Bauer, 1991, Multiple testing in clinical trials, Stat Med, 10, 871, 10.1002/sim.4780100609 · DOI
  9. Thompson, 1990, Invited commentary, Am J Epidemiol, 147, 801, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009530 · DOI
  10. Goodman, 1998, Multiple comparisons, explained, Am J Epidemiol, 147, 807, 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009531 · DOI
  11. O'Brien, 1983, The appropriateness of analysis of variance and multiple comparison procedures, Biometrics, 39, 787, 10.2307/2531110 · DOI
  12. Wright, 1992, Adjusted p-values for simultaneous inference, Biometrics, 48, 1005, 10.2307/2532694 · DOI · Paper page
  13. Bland, 1995, Multiple significance tests, BMJ, 310, 170, 10.1136/bmj.310.6973.170 · DOI · Paper page
  14. Levin, 1996, Annotation, Am J Public Health, 86, 628, 10.2105/AJPH.86.5.628 · DOI
  15. Holm, 1979, A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure, Scand J Stat, 6, 65
  16. Marcus, 1976, On closed testing procedures with special reference to ordered analysis of variance, Biometrika, 63, 655, 10.1093/biomet/63.3.655 · DOI · Paper page
  17. Westfall, 1993, Reader reaction, Biometrics, 49, 941, 10.2307/2532216 · DOI
  18. Altman, 1996, Comparing several groups using analysis of variance, BMJ, 312, 1472, 10.1136/bmj.312.7044.1472 · DOI
  19. Godfrey, 1985, Comparing means of several groups, N Engl J Med, 313, 1450, 10.1056/NEJM198512053132305 · DOI · Paper page
  20. Seaman, 1991, New developments in pairwise multiple comparisons, Psychol Bull, 110, 577, 10.1037/0033-2909.110.3.577 · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.110.3.577 · Paper page
  21. Zhang, 1997, Some statistical methods for multiple endpoints in clinical trials, Contr Clin Trials, 18, 204, 10.1016/S0197-2456(96)00129-8 · DOI
  22. O'Brien, 1984, Procedures for comparing samples with multiple endpoints, Biometrics, 40, 1079, 10.2307/2531158 · DOI · Paper page
  23. Pocock, 1987, The analysis of multiple endpoints in clinical trials, Biometrics, 43, 487, 10.2307/2531989 · DOI · Paper page
  24. Läuter, 1996, Exact t and F tests for analyzing studies with multiple endpoints, Biometrics, 52, 964, 10.2307/2533057 · DOI
  25. Follmann, 1995, Multivariate tests for multiple endpoints in clinical trials, Stat Med, 14, 1163, 10.1002/sim.4780141103 · doi:10.1002/sim.4780141103
  26. Lehmacher, 1991, Procedures for two-sample comparisons with multiple endpoints controlling the experimentwise error rate, Biometrics, 47, 511, 10.2307/2532142 · DOI
  27. Moyé, 1998, P-value interpretation and alpha allocation in clinical trials, Ann Epidemiol, 8, 351, 10.1016/S1047-2797(98)00003-9 · DOI
  28. Moyé, 2000, Alpha calculus in clinical trials, Stat Med, 19, 767, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(20000330)19:6<767::AID-SIM518>3.0.CO;2-U · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(20000330)19:6<767::aid-sim518>3.0.co;2-u
  29. Cnaan, 1997, Tutorial in biostatistics, Stat Med, 16, 2349, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19971030)16:20<2349::AID-SIM667>3.0.CO;2-E · DOI
  30. Burton, 1998, Tutorial in biostatistics, Stat Med, 17, 1261, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19980615)17:11<1261::AID-SIM846>3.0.CO;2-Z · DOI
  31. Matthews, 1990, Analysis of serial measurements in medical research, BMJ, 300, 230, 10.1136/bmj.300.6719.230 · DOI · Paper page
  32. Senn, 2000, Tutorial in biostatistics, Stat Med, 19, 861, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(20000330)19:6<861::AID-SIM407>3.0.CO;2-F · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(20000330)19:6<861::aid-sim407>3.0.co;2-f
  33. Zerbe, 1986, On multiple comparisons in the randomization analysis of growth and response curves, Biometrics, 42, 795, 10.2307/2530694 · doi:10.2307/2530694
  34. Oxman, 1992, A consumer's guide to subgroup analysis, Ann Intern Med, 116, 78, 10.7326/0003-4819-116-1-78 · DOI · Paper page
  35. Feinstein, 1998, The problem of cogent subgroups, J Clin Epidemiol, 51, 297, 10.1016/S0895-4356(98)00004-3 · DOI
  36. Buyse, 1989, Analysis of clinical trial outcomes, Contr Clin Trials., 10, 187S, 10.1016/0197-2456(89)90057-3 · DOI
  37. Peto, 1976, Design and analysis of randomised clinical trials requiring prolonged observation of each patient. I. Introduction and design, Br J Cancer, 34, 585, 10.1038/bjc.1976.220 · DOI · Paper page
  38. O'Brien, 1979, A multiple testing procedure for clinical trials, Biometrics, 35, 549, 10.2307/2530245 · DOI · Paper page
  39. DeMets, 1984, Overview of sequential methods and their applications in clinical trials, Commun Stat A, 13, 2315, 10.1080/03610928408828829 · DOI
  40. Geller, 1987, Interim analyses in randomized clinical trials, Biometrics, 43, 213, 10.2307/2531962 · DOI
  41. Jennison, 1990, Statistical approaches to interim monitoring of medical trials, Stat Sci, 5, 299, 10.1214/ss/1177012099 · DOI
  42. Pocock, 1993, Statistical and ethical issues in monitoring clinical trials, Stat Med, 12, 1459, 10.1002/sim.4780121512 · DOI
  43. Lee, 1994, Group sequential testing in clinical trials with multivariate observations, Stat Med, 13, 101, 10.1002/sim.4780130202 · DOI
  44. Facey, 1998, The management of interim analyses in drug development, Stat Med, 17, 1801, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19980815/30)17:15/16<1801::AID-SIM981>3.0.CO;2-L · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19980815/30)17:15/16<1801::aid-sim981>3.0.co;2-l
  45. Skovlund, 1999, Repeated significance tests on accumulating survival data, J Clin Epidemiol, 52, 1083, 10.1016/S0895-4356(99)00090-6 · DOI
  46. 1991, U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS), Diabetologia, 34, 877, 10.1007/BF00400195 · DOI · Paper page
  47. 1998, Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34), Lancet, 352, 854, 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)07037-8 · DOI · Paper page
  48. 1998, Tight blood pressure control and risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes, BMJ, 317, 703, 10.1136/bmj.317.7160.703 · DOI · Paper page
  49. 1998, Efficacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes, BMJ, 317, 713, 10.1136/bmj.317.7160.713 · DOI · Paper page
  50. de Fine Olivarius, 1998, The UK Prospective Diabetes Study, Lancet, 352, 1933, 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)60423-0 · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(05)60423-0
  51. Fayers, 1997, Tutorial in biostatistics, Stat Med, 16, 1413, 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0258(19970630)16:12<1413::AID-SIM578>3.3.CO;2-L · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19970630)16:12<1413::aid-sim578>3.3.co;2-l
  52. Clayton, 1987, Empirical Bayes estimates of age-standardized relative risks for use in disease mapping, Biometrics, 43, 671, 10.2307/2532003 · DOI · Paper page
  53. Greenland, 1991, Empirical-Bayes adjustments for multiple comparisons are sometimes useful, Epidemiology, 2, 244, 10.1097/00001648-199107000-00002 · DOI

Cited by

See all 3,004

Metadata

Authors
Bender, R., & Lange, S.
Venue
Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2001-04
Volume
54
Issue
4
Pages
343-349
ISSN
0895-4356 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2029445248
Cited by
3,004
References
7
FWCI
12.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.