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Neuronal Adaptation to Visual Motion in Area MT of the Macaque
Open accessAbstract
The responsivity of primary sensory cortical neurons is reduced following prolonged adaptation, but such adaptation has been little studied in higher sensory areas. Adaptation to visual motion has strong perceptual effects, so we studied the effect of prolonged stimulation on neuronal responsivity in the macaque's area MT, a cortical area whose importance to visual motion perception is well established. We adapted MT neurons with sinusoidal gratings drifting in the preferred or null direction. Preferred adaptation reduced the responsiveness of MT cells, primarily by changing their contrast gain, and this effect was spatially specific within the receptive field. Null adaptation reduced the ability of null gratings to inhibit the response to a simultaneously presented preferred stimulus. While both preferred and null adaptation alter MT responses, these effects probably do not occur in MT neurons but are likely to reflect adaptation-induced changes in contrast gain earlier in the visual pathway.
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“Adaptation enables high sensitivity to small changes in stimulus features over a large range of intensities, and is found across sensory systems5,17,26,105,210–216.”
From Mechanisms underlying gain modulation in the cortex (2020) · cites this paper as [213]
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Visual Adaptation: Physiology, Mechanisms, and Functional Benefits
Kohn, A. (2007) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.00086.2007 · Cited by 851
“Using compound stimuli composed of a preferred and null grating, Kohn and Movshon (2003) showed that null adaptation reduces the strength of opponent inhibition.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationAdaptation: from single cells to BOLD signals
Krekelberg, B., Boynton, G. M., & Wezel, R. J. A. V. (2006) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2006.02.008 · Cited by 496
How MT cells analyze the motion of visual patterns
Rust, N. C., Mante, V., Simoncelli, E. P., & Movshon, J. A. (2006) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1786 · Cited by 516
Self-citationState-Dependency of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Silvanto, J., & Pascual-Leone, Á. (2008) · Brain Topography · doi:10.1007/s10548-008-0067-0 · Cited by 439
“…MT responsiveness to the adapted direction is maintained whereas it is strongly reduced for nearby directions, leading to a sharpening of the tuning curve (Kohn and Movshon 2003; see Grill-Spector et al. 2006, for detailed discussion of various neural changes associated with stimulus repetition).”
The retina in Parkinson's disease
Archibald, N. K., Clarke, M. W., Mosimann, U. P., & Burn, D. J. (2009) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awp068 · Cited by 408
“The retina is not the only part of the visual pathway involved in contrast processing, however, with contrast adaptation also taking place centrally in the striate cortex (V1) as well as extra-striate regions V2, V3 and human V4 (Ohzawa et al., 1985; Kohn and Movshon, 2003; Gardner et al., 2005).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Kohn, A., & Movshon, J. A.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kohn, Adam
- Venue
- Neuron
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2003-08
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 681-691
- ISSN
- 0896-6273 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2141145724
- Cited by
- 353
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 8.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Neuron (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Eye Institute (R01EY002017, EY 02017)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Multisensory perception and integration
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Keywords
- area MT, macaque, contrast gain, preferred direction, null directions, drifting gratings, receptive fields, motion perception
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Physiological, Animals, Macaca, Male, Motion Perception, Neurons, Photic Stimulation, Visual Cortex, Contrast Sensitivity
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