Changes in human motor cortex excitability induced by dopaminergic and anti-dopaminergic drugs
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to probe the acute effect of a single oral dose of various dopaminergic (levodopa, selegiline, bromocriptine) and antidopaminergic drugs (sulpiride, haloperidol) on motor cortex excitability in healthy volunteers. Motor threshold, intracortical inhibition and intracortical facilitation were tested in the abductor digiti minimi muscle. The latter two parameters were studied in a conditioning-test paired stimulus paradigm. The principal findings were an increase in intracortical inhibition by bromocriptine, and, conversely, a decrease in intracortical inhibition and an increase in intracortical facilitation by haloperidol. Effects peaked at delays consistent with the pharmacokinetics of the two drugs and were fully reversible. In conclusion, dopamine receptor agonists and antagonists can be considered inverse modulators of motor cortex excitability: the former enhance inhibition while the latter reduce it. The relation of the present findings to current models of motor excitability abnormalities in movement disorders will be discussed.
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The presence of dopamine receptors on cells in primary motor cortex could provide a candidate mechanism for reward-based modulation of use-dependent plasticity.
“The presence of dopamine receptors on cells in primary motor cortex (Huntley et al., 1992; Luft and Schwarz, 2009; Ziemann et al., 1997) could provide a candidate mechanism for reward-based modulation of such use-dependent plasticity (Hosp et al., 2011).”
From Rethinking motor learning and savings in adaptation paradigms: model-free memory for successful actions combines with internal models (2011) · cites this paper as Ziemann et al., 1997
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- Authors
- Ziemann, U., Tergau, F., Bruns, D., Baudewig, J., & Paulus, W.
- Affiliations
- University of Göttingen (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Ziemann, Ulf
- Venue
- Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1997-12
- Volume
- 105
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 430-437
- ISSN
- 0924-980X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2067422553
- Cited by
- 242
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 2.38
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Neurological disorders and treatments
- Keywords
- motor cortex excitability, dopamine, dopaminergic therapy, dopamine antagonists, bromocriptine, haloperidol, selegiline, levodopa, sulpiride, intracortical inhibition, intracortical facilitation, motor threshold, movement disorders, transcranial magnetic stimulation
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Oral, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Bromocriptine, Electromyography, Female, Haloperidol, Humans, Levodopa, Magnetics, Male, Motor Cortex, Physical Stimulation, Reference Values, Selegiline, Sulpiride, Dopamine Agonists, Dopamine Antagonists, Evoked Potentials, Motor
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