Theta synchronization during episodic retrieval: neural correlates of conscious awareness
Abstract
The neural correlates of conscious awareness during successful memory retrieval were examined. In a recognition test, subjects indicated whether they consciously recalled the event in which a word was earlier presented (Remembering), or whether they recognized it on the basis that it was familiar in the absence of recollection (Knowing). An early EEG synchronization in the theta band predicted knowing, and a later remembering. Moreover, early and late event-related potentials were also found to predict knowing and remembering, respectively. The results indicate that the temporal dynamics of theta synchronization are related to the particular conscious experiences associated with memory retrieval.
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Alpha band connectivity is considered highly task-specific and corresponds to long-term memory performance.
“Interestingly, whereas connectivity in the alpha band is considered highly task-specific and is said to correspond to long-term memory performance, theta connectivity seems to be related to working memory and the ability to apprehend novel information (Klimesch et al., 1994, 1996, 2001; Klimesch, 1999; Raghavachari et al., 2001; Clouter et al., 2017).”
From Handwriting but not typewriting leads to widespread brain connectivity: a high-density EEG study with implications for the classroom (2024) · cites this paper as Klimesch et al., 2001
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- Authors
- Klimesch, W., Doppelmayr, M., Yonelinas, A., Kroll, N. E. A., Lazzara, M., Röhm, D., & Gruber, W.
- Affiliations
- University of Salzburg (AT)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Klimesch, W
- Venue
- Cognitive Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-08
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 33-38
- ISSN
- 0926-6410 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2030980705
- Cited by
- 266
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 3.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cognitive Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- theta synchronization, episodic memory retrieval, conscious awareness, recognition memory, familiarity, event-related potentials, EEG synchronization, temporal dynamics of memory, neural correlates of consciousness
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain, Consciousness, Cortical Synchronization, Electroencephalography, Evoked Potentials, Female, Humans, Functional Laterality, Male, Memory, Reading
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