Cited by 441Child Abuse and TraumaPosttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchPsychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research

Homeostasis, Stress, Trauma, and Adaptation

Perry, Bruce D., Pollard, Ronnie·1998·Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America

Abstract

All experiences change the brain, but not all experiences affect the brain equally. Because the brain is developing and organizing at such an explosive rate in the first years of life, experiences during this period have more potential to influence the brain in positive and negative ways. Traumatic events disrupt homeostasis in multiple areas of the brain that are recruited to respond to the threat. Use-dependent internalization of elements of the traumatic experience can result in the persistence of fear-related neurophysiologic patterns affecting emotional, behavioral, cognitive, and social functioning. A neurodevelopmental view of childhood trauma can help future clinical and research efforts to define and use child-specific and developmentally informed models to guide assessment, intervention, education, therapeutics, and policy.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1016/s1056-4993(18)30258-x

Cites

106 of 106 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Childhood abuse and exposure to domestic violence can lead to numerous differences in the structure and physiology of the brain that expectedly would affect multiple human functions and behaviors.

    “Thus, childhood abuse and exposure to domestic violence can lead to numerous differences in the structure and physiology of the brain that expectedly would affect multiple human functions and behaviors (Perry and Pollard 1998; Teicher 2000, 2002).”
  • The fight-or-flight response among children exposed to extreme, traumatic, or repetitive stressors, and the attendant release of endogenous catecholamines and adrenal corticosteroids, are both uncontrollable and invisible.

    “Likewise, the fight-or-flight response among children exposed to these types of stressors, and the attendant release of endogenous catecholamines and adrenal corticosteroids are both uncontrollable and invisible (Perry 1998; Teicher 2002; De Bellis 1994, 1997; Scaer 2001).”

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

2 of the 108 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Gunnar, 1986, Human developmental psychoneuroendocrinology: A review of research on neuroendocrirte responses to challenge and threat in infancy and childhood, pp 51
  2. Perry, 1993, Neurodevelopment and the neurophysiology of trauma I: Conceptual considerations for clinical work with maltreated children, The APSAC Advisor, 6, 1
  3. Perry BD, Pollard RA, Baker VVL, et al: Continuous heartrate monitoring in maltreated children [abstract]. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry New Research, 1995
  4. Taylor, 1992, Exposure to violence among inner city parents and young children, Am J Dis Child, 146, 487

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Perry, B. D., & Pollard, R.
Affiliations
Baylor College of Medicine (US)
Corresponding author
Perry, Bruce D.
Venue
Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
1998-01
Volume
7
Issue
1
Pages
33-51
ISSN
1056-4993 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W83535177
Cited by
440
References
108
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 14
FWCI
15.87
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
Keywords
childhood trauma, homeostasis, stress, trauma, adaptation, brain development, fear, threat response, emotional and behavioral functioning
MeSH terms
Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Arousal, Brain, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Child Development, Child, Preschool, Defense Mechanisms, Dissociative Disorders, Escape Reaction, Female, Homeostasis, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Life Change Events, Male, Stress, Psychological, Sex Distribution

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review