The DOI matches its Crossref record; 65 of the 70 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Exploring the role of noticing in a three-stage second language writing task
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In their study of two L2 writers' engagement with teacher feedback given as reformulations, for example, Qi and Lapkin (2001) argue that the quality of noticing, related to the depth of processing feedback, is a key factor in improvement in students' revisions.”
From Student engagement with teacher and automated feedback on L2 writing (2018) · cites this paper as Qi and Lapkin (2001)
Citations
Cites
The Role of Consciousness in Second Language Learning1
SCHMIDT, R. W. (1990) · Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1093/applin/11.2.129 · Cited by 5,435
The Role of the Linguistic Environment in Second Language Acquisition
Long, M. H. (1996) · Handbook of Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1016/b978-012589042-7/50015-3 · Cited by 3,927
(1985) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 3,037
(1998) · Cited by 2,572
Input in Second Language Acquisition
Bottigheimer, R. B., Gass, S. M., & Madden, C. G. (1986) · Modern Language Journal · doi:10.2307/327330 · Cited by 2,336
Metacognition in Educational Theory and Practice
Hacker, D. J., Dunlosky, J. T., & Graesser, A. C. (1998) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410602350 · Cited by 2,138
(1995) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,917
The Case Against Grammar Correction in L2 Writing Classes
Truscott, J. (1996) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/j.1467-1770.1996.tb01238.x · Cited by 1,874
SWAIN, M., & LAPKIN, S. (1995) · Applied Linguistics · doi:10.1093/applin/16.3.371 · Cited by 1,407
Self-citationResearching Pedagogic Tasks: Second Language Learning, Teaching, and Testing
Bygate, M., Skehan, P., & Swain, M. (2001) · Cited by 1,367
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Cohen, 1983, Reformulating compositions, TESOL Newsletter, 17, 1
- Levenston, 1978, Error analysis of free comparison: The theory and the practice, Indian Journal of Applied Linguistics, 4, 1
- Mantello, M. A. (1996). Selective error correction in intermediate extended French writing programs: A comparative study of reformulation and coded feedback. Unpublished master's thesis, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON.
- Schmidt, 1994, Deconstructing consciousness in search of useful definitions for applied linguistics, AILA Review, 11, 11
- Swain, M., & Lapkin, S. (2000). What two learners notice in their reformulated writing, what they learn from it, and their insights into the process. Paper presented at the annual conference of the Canadian Association of Second Language Teachers (mimeo).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 394
Tsaï, S. C. (2013) · Cited by 4
Hosseini, M., & Mowlaie, B. (2016) · Journal of Universal Language · Cited by 4
Keshanchi, E., Pourdana, N., & Khalili, G. F. (2022) · English Teaching & Learning · doi:10.1007/s42321-022-00113-w · Cited by 5
Andrew, M. (2005) · Swinburne figshare (Swinburne University of Technology) · doi:10.25916/sut.26283928 · Cited by 4
APROXIMACIONES COGNITIVO-INTERACCIONISTAS AL APRENDIZAJE DE SEGUNDAS LENGUAS MEDIANTE TAREAS
Ortega, L. (2004) · Elia · Cited by 4
A Closer Look at Noticing Hypothesis and Focus on Form: An Overview
Sarkhosh, M., Soleimani, M., & Abdeli, J. (2012) · International Journal of Linguistics · doi:10.5296/ijl.v4i3.2201 · Cited by 4
김보람 (2009) · English Teaching · doi:10.15858/engtea.64.4.200912.203 · Cited by 4
Reformulation on Chinese EFL learners’ email literacy
Chen, Y., & Liu, C.-T. J. (2021) · Pragmatics & beyond. New series · doi:10.1075/pbns.328.01che · Cited by 4
A qualitative study in grammar logs
Hirschel, R. (2011) · International Journal of Pedagogies and Learning · doi:10.5172/ijpl.2011.126 · Cited by 4
Dzekoe, R. (2013) · Iowa State University Digital Repository (Iowa State University) · doi:10.31274/etd-180810-2304 · Cited by 5
Suh, B. R. (2010) · DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) · Cited by 4
Impact of Teacher and Peer Feedback on University Students' Spelling and Punctuation
Al-Farsi, S., & Slimi, Z. (2025) · European Journal of English Language Studies · doi:10.12973/ejels.5.2.113 · Cited by 3
Wang, D., & Wang, H. (2026) · Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education · doi:10.1186/s40862-025-00372-7 · Cited by 3
The effects of output on learners' noticing and learning of a target feature
Cho, Y., & 박신향 (2012) · Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics · doi:10.15738/kjell.12.4.201212.825 · Cited by 3
The effects of students’ engagement with direct and indirect corrective feedback on text rewriting
Russa, F. L. (2021) · Instructed Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1558/isla.18525 · Cited by 3
Jiang, Y., & Sukying, A. (2024) · World Journal of English Language · doi:10.5430/wjel.v14n6p47 · Cited by 3
Wie verarbeiten Lernende Dozentenfeedback und welches Feedback ist für Lernende effektiv?
Fang, F., & Freudenberg-Findeisen, R. (2019) · Informationen Deutsch als Fremdsprache · doi:10.1515/infodaf-2019-0019 · Cited by 3
Homayounzadeh, M., Mehrpour, S., & Saadat, M. (2016) · Journal of Language Teaching and Learning · doi:10.66887/jltl.v6i2.28 · Cited by 3
Moradian, M. R., Hossein-Nasab, M., & Miri, M. (2020) · Language learning and language teaching · doi:10.1075/lllt.55.12mor · Cited by 3
EFL Learner’s Noticing of Corrective Feedback: Complexity, Accuracy, and Fluency
Yang, Y.-C. C. (2024) · English Teaching & Learning · doi:10.1007/s42321-024-00172-1 · Cited by 6
Byrne, S., & Jones, C. (2014) · Studies About Languages · doi:10.5755/j01.sal.0.24.6366 · Cited by 3
El-Ghonaimy, T. M. (2015) · Journal of Research in Curriculum Instruction and Educational Technology · doi:10.21608/jrciet.2015.24554 · Cited by 3
정, 주., & 배, 정. (2013) · English Language Teaching · doi:10.17936/pkelt.2013.25.2.002 · Cited by 3
Exploring Student Engagement with Written Corrective Feedback in First-Year Composition Courses
Uscinski, I. (2015) · Cited by 3
Exploring How Rhetorical Organization Contributes to the Readability of Essays
Baker, J. R. (2021) · Journal of language and Education · doi:10.17323/jle.2021.11240 · Cited by 3
Secondary Students’ Perceptions of Their Engagement in a Correcting Process
Dang, T. T. D. (2021) · International Education Studies · doi:10.5539/ies.v14n12p78 · Cited by 3
The affordances of screen capture technology for retrospective analysis of the writing process
Sabbaghan, S., & Maftoon, P. (2015) · International Journal of Research Studies in Educational Technology · doi:10.5861/ijrset.2015.984 · Cited by 3
Luquin, M., & Mayo, M. D. P. G. (2025) · Language Teaching Research · doi:10.1177/13621688251361100 · Cited by 2
From ‘Nativelike’ to Practical: Comparing Human and AI Reformulation as Written Feedback
Nakai, S., & Shintani, N. (2025) · RELC Journal · doi:10.1177/00336882251397735 · Cited by 2
Suzuki, W., & Saito, R. (2026) · Language Awareness · doi:10.1080/09658416.2025.2611884 · Cited by 2
From Red Pen to Algorithm: How Do L2 Learners Engage with Human and Automated Feedback?
Zohali, L., Storch, N., & Knoch, U. (2026) · RELC Journal · doi:10.1177/00336882261419844 · Cited by 2
Nguyen, L. Q., & Nguyen, B. T. T. (2026) · English Teaching & Learning · doi:10.1007/s42321-026-00233-7 · Cited by 2
Enhancing Accuracy Through Model Texts: Long-Term Effects on EFL Children's Oral Interaction
Luquin, M. (2025) · Second language learning and teaching · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-80924-8_7 · Cited by 2
Feedback Practices in University English Writing Classes in Tunisia: An Exploratory Study
Athimni, M. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-25830-6_6 · Cited by 2
Awareness of Linguistic Ambiguity and Translator Training
Liu, C.-T. J., & Chen, Y. (2021) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440211068467 · Cited by 2
Nameni, A. (2023) · SN Social Sciences · doi:10.1007/s43545-023-00747-y · Cited by 2
Leow, R. P., & Bowles, M. A. (2023) · Research methods in applied linguistics · doi:10.1075/rmal.5.05leo · Cited by 2
Tian, S., & Deng, Y. (2024) · English Language Teaching · doi:10.5539/elt.v17n7p50 · Cited by 2
Self-Monitoring in L2 writing by spanish secondary school students
Sarabia, R. M. (2012) · Porta Linguarum Revista Interuniversitaria de Didáctica de las Lenguas Extranjeras · doi:10.30827/digibug.30917 · Cited by 2
Sánchez‐Gutiérrez, C., & Mella, M. S. (2017) · Journal of Spanish Language Teaching · doi:10.1080/23247797.2017.1315262 · Cited by 3
Noticing grammar in L2 writing and problem-solving strategies
Geist, M. (2017) · Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching · doi:10.14746/ssllt.2017.7.3.6 · Cited by 5
The Language Learning Potential of Writing through EFL Students’ Processing of Feedback
Nicolás‐Conesa, F. (2017) · Porta Linguarum Revista Interuniversitaria de Didáctica de las Lenguas Extranjeras · doi:10.30827/digibug.54146 · Cited by 2
Perez-Nunez, A. B. (2015) · Illinois Digital Environment for Access to Learning and Scholarship (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) · Cited by 2
Williams, N., Beachboard, J., & Bohning, R. (2016) · Informing Science and IT Education Conference · doi:10.28945/3449 · Cited by 2
Effects of Written Corrective Feedback on Explicit and Implicit Knowledge
Samiei, M., & Sim, T. S. (2016) · Journal of NELTA · doi:10.3126/nelta.v21i1-2.20203 · Cited by 2
Inspecting Task-Induced Involvement from the Perspective of Sociocultural Theory
Kaivanpanah, S., & Miri, M. (2018) · Journal of teaching language skills · doi:10.22099/jtls.2019.30652.2569 · Cited by 2
Problematising unfocused written feedback: A case study on four university students’ essays
Journal, I. (2015) · Issues in Language Studies · doi:10.33736/ils.1646.2015 · Cited by 2
Engagement : A Path to Better EFL Learning
Seifeddin, A. H. (2015) · Journal of Research in Curriculum Instruction and Educational Technology · doi:10.21608/jrciet.2015.24558 · Cited by 2
L2 Students' Engagement with Written Corrective Feedback
MA, J. J. (2019) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118784235.eelt0966 · Cited by 2
Seba, R. G. (2008) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) · Cited by 2
Ord, C. (2014) · The University of Queensland · doi:10.14264/uql.2015.45 · Cited by 2
Level of Intake, Depth of Processing, and Type of Linguistic Item in L2 Development
Calderon, A. M. (2014) · DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library) · Cited by 2
An ecological approach to L2 learners’ engagement with written feedback
Long, Z., & Xu, J. (2026) · Assessing Writing · doi:10.1016/j.asw.2026.101028 · Cited by 1
Incidental Lexical Learning and the Involvement Load Hypothesis
Silva, B. B. (2022) · Second language learning and teaching · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-06505-7_2 · Cited by 1
Overview of methodological procedures in research on written corrective feedback processing
Coyle, Y., Nicolás‐Conesa, F., & Cerezo, L. (2023) · Research methods in applied linguistics · doi:10.1075/rmal.5.03coy · Cited by 1
Korean EFL Learners’ Perceptions of Using ChatGPT for English Writing
Cho, S. (2025) · The Journal of AsiaTEFL · doi:10.18823/asiatefl.2025.22.2.2.220 · Cited by 1
Mozaffari, S. H. (2025) · Language Teaching Research · doi:10.1177/13621688251393869 · Cited by 1
López-Serrano, S., Sánchez‐Hernández, A., & Martínez‐Flor, A. (2026) · Languages · doi:10.3390/languages11040076 · Cited by 1
Espinoza, A. Q. (2026) · International Journal of Learning Teaching and Educational Research · doi:10.26803/ijlter.25.6.43 · Cited by 1
Is There A Co-relationship Between Learners’ Cognitive Styles and Their English Writings?
박주희, & Min, C. K. (2012) · Journal of the Korea English Education Society · doi:10.18649/jkees.2012.11.3.1 · Cited by 1
Rey, M. R. A. (2015) · Trabalhos em Linguística Aplicada · doi:10.1590/0103-18134608162681 · Cited by 1
L2 Writing Practice as Consciousness-Raising for Korean College Students
유현정 (2012) · English Teaching · doi:10.15858/engtea.67.3.201209.77 · Cited by 1
A cognitive neuroscientific approach to studying the role of awareness in L2 learning
Loschky, L. C., & Harrington, M. (2013) · Cited by 1
Trapsilo, P. (2017) · Premise Journal of English Education · doi:10.24127/pj.v5i2.817 · Cited by 1
Research on Feedback in EFL Classes in the MENA Region: State of the Art
Athimni, M., Yaakoubi, S., & Bouzaiene, H. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-53254-3_14 · Cited by 1
LANGUAGING AND WRITTEN CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK IN L2 WRITING
Rahim, S. A., Othman, I. W., Bakar, A. L. A., & Tobi, B. (2022) · International Journal of Education Psychology and Counseling · doi:10.35631/ijepc.747052 · Cited by 1
Coyle, Y. (2023) · Research methods in applied linguistics · doi:10.1075/rmal.5.14coy · Cited by 1
Knowles, L. (2024) · Journal of Humanities Arts and Social Science · doi:10.26855/jhass.2024.09.002 · Cited by 1
The Effect of Summarizing Model Essays on Developing EFL Learners' Writing Skill
Sahebkheir, F. (2012) · Cited by 1
Collaborative error correction: How does it help?
Riddiford, N. (2006) · Cited by 1
Learners’ Beliefs and Engagement of Grammar Correction in L2 Writing Process
Kim, J. (2014) · English Language Teaching · doi:10.17936/pkelt.2014.26.1.002 · Cited by 1
DEKEYSER, R. M. (2007) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511667275.003 · Cited by 1
Hwang, J. (2014) · English Language Teaching · doi:10.17936/pkelt.2014.26.4.001 · Cited by 1
Korean Middle School Students’ Cognitive Processes during English Writing
Baek, S.-H., Lee, J., & Song, J. (2012) · English Teaching · doi:10.15858/engtea.67.2.201207.183 · Cited by 1
The Effect of Wikifolios on Developing Secondary Stage Students' EFL Writing Skills
Ghoneim, N. M. M., & Elghotmy, H. E. A. (2015) · Journal of Research in Curriculum Instruction and Educational Technology · doi:10.12816/0019927 · Cited by 1
Al-Hadi, T. (2015) · Journal of Research in Curriculum Instruction and Educational Technology · doi:10.12816/0019930 · Cited by 1
The Effect of Model Essays on Complexity and Fluency of L2 Learners’ Writing Performance
최종갑 (2015) · The Jungang Journal of English Language and Literature · doi:10.18853/jjell.2015.57.3.023 · Cited by 1
Treating Errors in Learners’ Writing: Techniques and Processing of Corrective Feedback
Russa, F. L. (2017) · Second language learning and teaching · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55155-5_1 · Cited by 1
Kaivanpanah, S., Alavi, S. M., & Nejad, S. R. (2019) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · doi:10.30479/jmrels.2019.11445.1422 · Cited by 1
Students’ Perceptions of 4D Feedback Treatment on EFL Writing in Oman
Dehdary, N., & Al-Saadi, H. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-25830-6_3 · Cited by 1
Baker, J. R. (2022) · Language Learning Journal · doi:10.1080/09571736.2022.2099958 · Cited by 1
Jalali, H., & Rahimi, M. (2022) · Canadian Journal of Applied Linguistics · doi:10.37213/cjal.2022.32478 · Cited by 1
Feedback and revision: A protocol analysis
Rajoo, M. (2009) · Otago University Research Archive (University of Otago) · Cited by 1
Kozlova, I. (2006) · LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) · Cited by 1
The effects of different error correction conditions on learner-initiated noticing
Solares-Altamirano, M.-E. (2015) · Cited by 1
Byrne, S. (2012) · CLOK (University of Central Lancashire) · Cited by 1
Written languaging, learners’ aptitude and second language learning
Ishikawa, M. (2019) · UCL Discovery (University College London) · Cited by 1
Methods of Research on Depth of Processing for Written Corrective Feedback: A Scoping ReviewPreprint
Fujisawa, Y., Doi, A., & Shintani, N. (2024) · doi:10.31219/osf.io/w32r8 · Cited by 1
L2 Students' Engagement with Written Corrective Feedback
Ma, M. (2025) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118784235.eelt0966.pub2 · Cited by 1
Fjelstad, A. (2014) · University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy (University of Minnesota)
Interacción y desarrollo de la interlengua: e-tándem español-italiano
Bailini, S. L. (2012) · Gredos (University of Salamanca) · doi:10.14201/gredos.121125
Larson‐Guenette, J. (2012) · ProQuest LLC eBooks
Adrada-Rafael, S. (2014) · Georgetown University-Graduate School of Arts & Sciences
Wang, S.-Y. (2010) · International Conference on Computational and Information Sciences · doi:10.1109/iccis.2010.165
Eine qualitativ-ethnographische Fallstudie
Schlak, T. (2004)
Dictogloss: The Role of Reconstruction Tasks on Noticing
Oruç, N. (2012) · DergiPark (Istanbul University)
Anxiety in the noticing and production of L2 forms: a study of beginning learners of Arabic
Nassif, L. (2014) · Texas ScholarWorks (Texas Digital Library)
Mercer, J. D. (2015) · DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)
Metadata
- Authors
- Qi, D. S., & Lapkin, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Qi, Donald S.
- Venue
- Journal of Second Language Writing
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2001-11
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 277-303
- ISSN
- 1060-3743 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2045636994
- Cited by
- 383
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 31.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Second Language Writing (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Second Language Acquisition and Learning
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Subtitles and Audiovisual Media
- Keywords
- noticing, second language writing, reformulation, composing, feedback processing, second language proficiency, ESL learners, writing instruction
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review