The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Principles for Reducing Extraneous Processing in Multimedia Learning: Coherence, Signaling, Redundancy, Spatial Contiguity, and Temporal Contiguity Principles
Abstract
The term multimedia principle refers to the robust research finding that learning with words and pictures is more effective than learning with words alone. It should be noted that the multimedia principle refers generally to the (positive) impact of visual and verbal information on learning outcomes. However, basic principles and advanced principles of multimedia learning have been synthesized that provide a more nuanced approach to understanding how multimedia materials can be formatted for optimal impact and how learner strategies and processes can combine with multimedia materials to determine learning outcomes. That is, the multimedia principle provides a context for work that examines when, how, why, and under what conditions the multimedia principle applies. Research findings demonstrating the multimedia principle are consistent with the predictions of cognitive models of multimedia learning. Implications for instructional design and directions for future research are also discussed.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Mayer, R. E. (2009) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511811678 · Cited by 7,800
Self-citationMayer, R. (2020) · doi:10.1017/9781316941355 · Cited by 7,777
Self-citationSweller, J., Ayres, P., & Kalyuga, S. (2011) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-8126-4 · Cited by 5,531
Nine Ways to Reduce Cognitive Load in Multimedia Learning
Mayer, R. E., & Moreno, R. (2003) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1207/s15326985ep3801_6 · Cited by 4,207
Self-citationCognitive Load Theory and the Format of Instruction
Chandler, P., & Sweller, J. (1991) · Cognition and Instruction · doi:10.1207/s1532690xci0804_2 · Cited by 2,894
Mayer, R. E., Heiser, J., & Lonn, S. (2001) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.93.1.187 · Cited by 1,029
Self-citationMayer, R. E., & Anderson, R. B. (1992) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.84.4.444 · Cited by 1,000
Self-citationAnimations need narrations: an experimental test of a dual-coding hypothesis.
Mayer, R. E., & Anderson, R. B. (1991) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.83.4.484 · Cited by 883
Self-citationHow seductive details do their damage: A theory of cognitive interest in science learning.
Harp, S. F., & Mayer, R. E. (1998) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.90.3.414 · Cited by 855
Self-citationTHE SPLIT‐ATTENTION EFFECT AS A FACTOR IN THE DESIGN OF INSTRUCTION
CHANDLER, P., & SWELLER, J. (1992) · British Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8279.1992.tb01017.x · Cited by 767
Moreno, R., & Mayer, R. E. (2000) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.92.1.117 · Cited by 530
Self-citationSignaling as a cognitive guide in multimedia learning.
Mautone, P. D., & Mayer, R. E. (2001) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.93.2.377 · Cited by 444
Self-citationCierniak, G., Scheiter, K., & Gerjets, P. (2009) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2008.12.020 · Cited by 412
Integrating information: A meta-analysis of the spatial contiguity and temporal contiguity effects
Ginns, P. (2006) · Learning and Instruction · doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2006.10.001 · Cited by 403
Revising the redundancy principle in multimedia learning.
Mayer, R. E., & Johnson, C. I. (2008) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.100.2.380 · Cited by 316
Self-citationStull, A. T., & Mayer, R. E. (2007) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.99.4.808 · Cited by 295
Self-citationThe Role of Visual Indicators in Dual Sensory Mode Instruction
Jeung, H., Chandler, P., & Sweller, J. (1997) · Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/0144341970170307 · Cited by 295
The attention-guiding effect and cognitive load in the comprehension of animations
Amadieu, F., Mariné, C., & Laimay, C. (2011) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2010.05.009 · Cited by 137
Cited by
Using multimedia for e‐learning
Mayer, R. E. (2017) · Journal of Computer Assisted Learning · doi:10.1111/jcal.12197 · Cited by 747
Self-citationA meta-analysis of how signaling affects learning with media
Schneider, S., Beege, M., Nebel, S., & Rey, G. D. (2018) · Educational Research Review · doi:10.1016/j.edurev.2017.11.001 · Cited by 268
Castro-Alonso, J. C., de Koning, B. B., Fiorella, L., & Paas, F. (2021) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-021-09606-9 · Cited by 278
“2b), following the spatial contiguity principle (Mayer, 1997; Mayer & Fiorella, 2014).”
InfluentialSelf-citationCognitive Load and Working Memory in Multimedia Learning: Conceptual and Measurement Issues
Anmarkrud, Ø., Andresen, A., & Bråten, I. (2019) · Educational Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00461520.2018.1554484 · Cited by 188
Multimedia Design for Learning: An Overview of Reviews With Meta-Meta-Analysis
Noetel, M., Griffith, S., Delaney, O., Harris, N. R., Sanders, T., Parker, P., del Pozo Cruz, B., & Lonsdale, C. (2022) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.3102/00346543211052329 · Cited by 148
Metadata
- Authors
- Mayer, R. E., & Fiorella, L.
- Venue
- The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press
- Published
- 2014-07-28
- Pages
- 279-315
- OpenAlex
- W4250922876
- Cited by
- 364
- References
- 18
- FWCI
- 26.51
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.