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Cited by 47Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive PhysiologyAgriculture Sustainability and Environmental ImpactPasture and Agricultural Systems

Plant-based strategies towards minimising ‘livestock's long shadow’

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Kingston-Smith, Alison H., Edwards, Joan E., Huws, Sharon A., Kim, Eun J., Abberton, Michael·2010·Proceedings of The Nutrition Society
DOI 10.1017/s0029665110001953
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Abstract

Ruminant farming is an important component of the human food chain. Ruminants can use offtake from land unsuitable for cereal crop cultivation via interaction with the diverse microbial population in their rumens. The rumen is a continuous flow fermenter for the digestion of ligno-cellulose, with microbial protein and fermentation end-products incorporated by the animal directly or during post-ruminal digestion. However, ruminal fermentation is inefficient in capturing the nutrient resource presented, resulting in environmental pollution and generation of greenhouse gases. Methane is generated as a consequence of ruminal fermentation and poor retention of ingested forage nitrogen causes nitrogenous pollution of water and land and contributes to the generation of nitrous oxide. One possible cause is the imbalanced provision of dietary substrates to the rumen micro-organisms. Deamination of amino acids by ammonia-producing bacteria liberates ammonia which can be assimilated by the rumen bacteria and used for microbial protein synthesis. However, when carbohydrate is limiting, microbial growth is slow, meaning low demand for ammonia for microbial protein synthesis and excretion of the excess. Protein utilisation can therefore be improved by increasing the availability of readily fermentable sugars in forage or by making protein unavailable for proteolysis through complexing with plant secondary products. Alternatively, realisation that grazing cattle ingest living cells has led to the discovery that plant cells undergo endogenous, stress-mediated protein degradation due to the exposure to rumen conditions. This presents the opportunity to decrease the environmental impact of livestock farming by using decreased proteolysis as a selection tool for the development of improved pasture grass varieties.

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Research works printed but not linked: 7

  1. EU (2000) Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy. Official J EU L 327, 22 December 2000, pp. 1-73.
  2. Edwards JE, Kim EJ, Scollan ND et al. (2009) The plant- microbe interactome in ruminants: identification of control for mitigation of negative ecosystem outputs. In Positive Plant Microbial Interactions in Relation to Plant Perfor- mance and Ecosystem Function. Aspects of Applied Biology, vol. 98, pp. 91-99 [
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  4. MacRae JC & Theodorou MK (2003) Potentials for en- hancing the animal and human nutrition perspectives of grazing systems. In Crop Quality: Its Role in Sustainable Livestock Production. Aspects of Applied Biology, vol. 70, pp. 93-100 [MT Abberton, M Amdrews, L Skøt L and MK Theodorou, editors]. Warwick, UK: Association of Applied Biologists.
  5. Theodorou MK, Barahona R, Kingston-Smith A et al. (2000) New perspectives on the degradation of plant biomass in the rumen in the absence and presence of condensed tannins. In Proceedings of an International Workshop on Tannins in Livestock and Human Nutrition, Adelaide, Australia, 31 May-2 June 1999. ACIAR Proceedings Series, vol. 92, pp. 44-51 [
  6. Mayorga OL, Huws SA, Kim EJ et al. (2010) Temporal and spatial colonisation of rumen protozoa on fresh perennial ryegrass. In Gut Microbiome: Functionality, Interaction with the Host and Impact on the Environment. INRA-RRI. 18-20th June, Clermont Ferrand, France. Proc Nutr Soc (In the Press).
  7. Shaw RK (2005) Effects of gene transfer from Festuca to Lolium on plant-mediated proteolysis. PhD Thesis, University of Wales, Aberystwyth.

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Authors
Kingston-Smith, A. H., Edwards, J. E., Huws, S. A., Kim, E. J., & Abberton, M.
Affiliations
Aberystwyth University (GB)
ORCID
Venue
Proceedings of The Nutrition Society
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published
2010-08-04
Volume
69
Issue
4
Pages
613-620
ISSN
  • 0029-6651 (ISSN-L)
  • 1475-2719
DOI
10.1017/s0029665110001953
OpenAlex
W2132392506
Cited by
47
References
72
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5 · 2012: 2
FWCI
2.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified)
Locations
  • Proceedings of The Nutrition Society (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Portal (Queen's University Belfast) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, UK Government
  • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Forestry › Pasture and Agricultural Systems
Keywords
livestock greenhouse gas emissions, ruminant methane, nitrous oxide, rumen fermentation, rumen microbial protein synthesis, ammonia excretion, carbohydrate limitation, plant secondary metabolites, grazing cattle
MeSH terms
Animals, Animal Feed, Animal Husbandry, Bacteria, Cattle, Conservation of Natural Resources, Diet, Dietary Proteins, Fermentation, Poaceae, Meat, Methane, Nitrogen, Rumen, Ruminants, Greenhouse Effect, Dietary Sucrose

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