The DOI matches its Crossref record; 205 of the 206 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Human gut microbiota: does diet matter?
Open accessAbstract
The human oro-gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a complex system, consisting of oral cavity, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus, which all together with the accessory digestive organs constitute the digestive system. The function of the digestive system is to break down dietary constituents into small molecules and then absorb these for subsequent distribution throughout the body. Besides digestion and carbohydrate metabolism, the indigenous microbiota has an important influence on host physiological, nutritional and immunological processes, and commensal bacteria are able to modulate the expression of host genes that regulate diverse and fundamental physiological functions. The main external factors that can affect the composition of the microbial community in generally healthy adults include major dietary changes and antibiotic therapy. Changes in some selected bacterial groups have been observed due to controlled changes to the normal diet e.g. high-protein diet, high-fat diet, prebiotics, probiotics and polyphenols. More specifically, changes in the type and quantity of non-digestible carbohydrates in the human diet influence both the metabolic products formed in the lower regions of the GI tract and the bacterial populations detected in faeces. The interactions between dietary factors, gut microbiota and host metabolism are increasingly demonstrated to be important for maintaining homeostasis and health. Therefore the aim of this review is to summarise the effect of diet, and especially dietary interventions, on the human gut microbiota. Furthermore, the most important confounding factors (methodologies used and intrinsic human factors) in relation to gut microbiota analyses are elucidated.
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“Limited food choice is a direct selective pressure as different microbes have their preferred substrates, e.g., Roseburia and Bacteroides are sensitive to dietary carbohydrate and protein, respectively, and the proportion of Bacteroidetes is dependent on the type of dietary fiber that reaches the colon [71,72,73].”
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Food Components and Dietary Habits: Keys for a Healthy Gut Microbiota Composition
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Metadata
- Authors
- Maukonen, J., & Saarela, M.
- Affiliations
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Maukonen, Johanna
- Venue
- Proceedings of The Nutrition Society
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2014-08-26
- Volume
- 74
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 23-36
- ISSN
- 0029-6651 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2719
- OpenAlex
- W2156255024
- Cited by
- 177
- References
- 206
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 1.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Proceedings of The Nutrition Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- European Commission (222639, 222720)
- FP7 Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, Biotechnology
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, diet, dietary intervention, high-fat diet, high-protein diet, prebiotics, probiotics, polyphenols, non-digestible carbohydrates, host-microbe interactions, host metabolism, antibiotic therapy, commensal bacteria
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Diet, Feces, Humans, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Gastrointestinal Tract, Microbiota
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