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Cited by 137Decision-Making and Behavioral EconomicsEvolutionary Psychology and Human BehaviorExperimental Behavioral Economics Studies

Folk-economic beliefs: An evolutionary cognitive model

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Boyer, Pascal, Petersen, Michael Bang·2018·Behavioral and Brain Sciences
DOI 10.1017/s0140525x17001960
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Abstract

The domain of "folk-economics" consists in explicit beliefs about the economy held by laypeople, untrained in economics, about such topics as, for example, the causes of the wealth of nations, the benefits or drawbacks of markets and international trade, the effects of regulation, the origins of inequality, the connection between work and wages, the economic consequences of immigration, or the possible causes of unemployment. These beliefs are crucial in forming people's political beliefs and in shaping their reception of different policies. Yet, they often conflict with elementary principles of economic theory and are often described as the consequences of ignorance, irrationality, or specific biases. As we will argue, these past perspectives fail to predict the particular contents of popular folk-economic beliefs and, as a result, there is no systematic study of the cognitive factors involved in their emergence and cultural success. Here we propose that the cultural success of particular beliefs about the economy is predictable if we consider the influence of specialized, largely automatic inference systems that evolved as adaptations to ancestral human small-scale sociality. These systems, for which there is independent evidence, include free-rider detection, fairness-based partner choice, ownership intuitions, coalitional psychology, and more. Information about modern mass-market conditions activates these specific inference systems, resulting in particular intuitions, for example, that impersonal transactions are dangerous or that international trade is a zero-sum game. These intuitions in turn make specific policy proposals more likely than others to become intuitively compelling, and, as a consequence, exert a crucial influence on political choices.

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Boyer, P., & Petersen, M. B.
Affiliations
  • Washington University in St. Louis (US)
  • Aarhus University (DK)
ORCID
Venue
Behavioral and Brain Sciences
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published
2017-10-12
Volume
41
Pages
e158-e158
ISSN
  • 0140-525X (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-1825
DOI
10.1017/s0140525x17001960
OpenAlex
W2761287096
Cited by
137
References
15
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 1
FWCI
6.86
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified)
Locations
  • Behavioral and Brain Sciences (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
  • Social Sciences › Safety Research › Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
Keywords
economic intuition, political beliefs

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