Cited by 132Multiple Sclerosis Research StudiesDementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchCancer-related cognitive impairment studies

Cognitive reserve moderates the negative effect of brain atrophy on cognitive efficiency in multiple sclerosis

SUMOWSKI, JAMES F., CHIARAVALLOTI, NANCY, WYLIE, GLENN, DELUCA, JOHN·2009·Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society

Abstract

According to the cognitive reserve hypothesis, neuropsychological expression of brain disease is attenuated among persons with higher education or premorbid intelligence. The current research examined cognitive reserve in multiple sclerosis (MS) by investigating whether the negative effect of brain atrophy on information processing (IP) efficiency is moderated by premorbid intelligence. Thirty-eight persons with clinically definite MS completed a vocabulary-based estimate of premorbid intelligence (Wechsler Vocabulary) and a composite measure of IP efficiency (Symbol Digit Modalities Test and Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task). Brain atrophy was estimated from measurements of third ventricle width using high-resolution anatomical brain magnetic resonance imaging (magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo). In a hierarchical regression analysis controlling for age and depressive symptomatology, brain atrophy predicted worse IP efficiency (R2 = .23, p = .003) and cognitive reserve predicted better IP efficiency (R2 = .13, p = .013), but these effects were moderated by an Atrophy x Cognitive Reserve interaction (R2 = .15, p = .004). The negative effect of brain atrophy on IP efficiency was attenuated at higher levels of reserve, such that MS subjects with higher reserve were better able to withstand MS neuropathology without suffering cognitive impairment. Results help explain the incomplete and inconsistent relationship between brain atrophy and IP efficiency in previous res…

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Crossref · 10.1017/s1355617709090912

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Authors
SUMOWSKI, J. F., CHIARAVALLOTI, N., WYLIE, G., & DELUCA, J.
Affiliations
Kessler Foundation (US)
Corresponding author
SUMOWSKI, JAMES F.
Venue
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society
Published
2009-07
Volume
15
Issue
4
Pages
606-612
ISSN
  • 1355-6177 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-7661
OpenAlex
W2090481814
Cited by
132
References
50
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 10
FWCI
6.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
University of Cambridge
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Cancer-related cognitive impairment studies
Keywords
cognitive reserve, multiple sclerosis, brain atrophy, processing efficiency, premorbid intelligence, third ventricle width, cognitive impairment, moderation, Symbol Digit Modalities Test, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Atrophy, Brain, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Intelligence, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Sclerosis, Neuropsychological Tests, Regression Analysis, Vocabulary, Models, Statistical, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Young Adult

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