Cognitive impairment and functioning in PTSD related to intimate partner violence
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been associated with neuropsychological impairments across multiple domains, but consensus regarding the cognitive profile of PTSD has not been reached. In this study of women with PTSD related to intimate partner violence (n = 55) and healthy, demographically similar comparison participants (NCs; n = 20), we attempted to control for many potential confounds in PTSD samples. All participants were assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery emphasizing executive functioning, including inhibition, switching, and abstraction. NCs outperformed PTSD participants on most neuropsychological measures, but the differences were significant only on speeded tasks (with and without executive functioning components). The PTSD group’s mean performance was within the average range on all neuropsychological tests. Within the PTSD group, more severe PTSD symptoms were associated with slower processing speed, and more severe dissociative symptoms were associated with poorer reasoning performance. These results suggest that women with PTSD related to intimate partner violence demonstrate slower than normal processing speed, which is associated with the severity of psychiatric symptoms. We speculate that the cognitive slowing seen in PTSD may be attributable to reduced attention due to a need to allocate resources to cope with psychological distress or unpleasant internal experiences. (JINS, 2009, 15, 879–887.)
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In studies of women with PTSD as a result of IPV or treatment-seeking women exposed to IPV, those with more severe dissociative symptoms performed worse on a task of reasoning.
“those with more severe dissociative symptoms performed worse on a task of reasoning (Twamley et al., 2009)”
From A review of the relation between dissociation, memory, executive functioning and social cognition in military members and civilians with neuropsychiatric conditions (2016) · cites this paper as Twamley et al., 2009
Cites
Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospective measure of child abuse and neglect
(1994) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.151.8.1132 · Cited by 3,577 · see citing works
Green, M. F., Kern, R. S., Braff, D. L., & Mintz, J. (2000) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033430 · Cited by 2,999 · see citing works
Full and partial posttraumatic stress disorder: findings from a community survey
(1997) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.154.8.1114 · Cited by 1,013 · see citing works
Self-citationTypes of dissociation and dissociative types: A taxometric analysis of dissociative experiences.
Waller, N., Putnam, F. W., & Carlson, E. B. (1996) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.1.3.300 · Cited by 894 · see citing works
Childhood victimization and long-term intellectual and academic outcomes
Perez, C. M., & Widom, C. S. (1994) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/0145-2134(94)90012-4 · Cited by 395 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Executive function and PTSD: disengaging from trauma.
Aupperle, R. L., Melrose, A. J., Stein, M. B., & Paulus, M. P. (2012) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.02.008 · Cited by 657 · see citing works
Self-citationA quantitative meta-analysis of neurocognitive functioning in posttraumatic stress disorder.
Scott, J. C., Matt, G. E., Wrocklage, K. M., Crnich, C., Jordan, J., Southwick, S. M., Krystal, J. H., & Schweinsburg, B. C. (2015) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0038039 · Cited by 513 · see citing works
The effects of child abuse and neglect on cognitive functioning in adulthood
Gould, F., Clarke, J., Heim, C., Harvey, P. D., Majer, M., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2012) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.01.005 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
The role of executive function in posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review
Polak, A. R., Witteveen, A. B., Reitsma, J. B., & Olff, M. (2012) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.01.001 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Child maltreatment and later cognitive functioning: a systematic review
Irigaray, T. Q., Pacheco, J. B., Grassi-Oliveira, R., Fonseca, R. P., Leite, J. C. D. C., & Kristensen, C. H. (2013) · Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica · doi:10.1590/s0102-79722013000200018 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Bichard, H., Byrne, C., Saville, C. W. N., & Coetzer, R. (2022) · Neuropsychological Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09602011.2020.1868537 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
“This is particularly relevant for those instances where PTSD was reported, given associations have been demonstrated elsewhere between PTSD and hippocampal volume, speed of processing, and reasoning performance (Twamley et al., 2009).”
BackgroundMcKinnon, M. C., Boyd, J. E., Frewen, P. A., Lanius, U. F., Jetly, R., Richardson, J. D., & Lanius, R. A. (2016) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.07.017 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Perceived Executive Functioning among Female Survivors of Intimate Partner Violenc<i>e</i>
Daugherty, J. C., Pérez-García, M., Hidalgo-Ruzzante, N., & Bueso-Izquierdo, N. (2021) · Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma · doi:10.1080/10926771.2020.1783734 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
- Authors
- TWAMLEY, E. W., ALLARD, C. B., THORP, S. R., NORMAN, S. B., HAMI CISSELL, S., HUGHES BERARDI, K., GRIMES, E. M., & STEIN, M. B.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- TWAMLEY, ELIZABETH W.
- Venue
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2009-11
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 879-887
- ISSN
- 1355-6177 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7661
- OpenAlex
- W1967590318
- Cited by
- 170
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 5.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, intimate partner violence, cognitive impairment, processing speed, executive function, inhibition, cognitive slowing, dissociative symptoms, reasoning, women, attention
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Inhibition, Psychological, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Violence, Crime Victims, Executive Function
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
