Social interaction in young children with inflicted and accidental traumatic brain injury: relations with family resources and social outcomes
Open accessAbstract
Core social interaction behaviors were examined in young children 0-36 months of age who were hospitalized for accidental (n = 61) or inflicted (n = 64) traumatic brain injury (TBI) in comparison to typically developing children (n = 60). Responding to and initiating gaze and joint attention (JA) were evaluated during a semi-structured sequence of social interactions between the child and an examiner at 2 and 12 months after injury. The accidental TBI group established gaze less often and had an initial deficit initiating JA that resolved by the follow-up. Contrary to expectation, children with inflicted TBI did not have lower rates of social engagement than other groups. Responding to JA was more strongly related than initiating JA to measures of injury severity and to later cognitive and social outcomes. Compared to complicated-mild/moderate TBI, severe TBI in young children was associated with less responsiveness in social interactions and less favorable caregiver ratings of communication and social behavior. JA response, family resources, and group interacted to predict outcomes. Children with inflicted TBI who were less socially responsive and had lower levels of family resources had the least favorable outcomes. Low social responsiveness after TBI may be an early marker for later cognitive and adaptive behavior difficulties.
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Two main findings-that TBI was associated with subsequent adverse adulthood outcomes, and the dose-response relationship with injury severity-are consistent with previous research.
“Two main findings—that TBI was associated with subsequent adverse adulthood outcomes, and the dose-response relationship with injury severity—are consistent with previous research [17–20,44]”
From Long-Term Outcomes Associated with Traumatic Brain Injury in Childhood and Adolescence: A Nationwide Swedish Cohort Study of a Wide Range of Medical and Social Outcomes (2016) · cites this paper as [17]
The Results (Relation of Social Interaction Scores with Injury Variables; page not provided) report worse communication and social scores after severe than after complicated-mild/moderate TBI, supporting the injury-severity portion. The outcomes were measured in young children at one-year follow-up, not in adulthood; the Discussion (Limitations and Future Directions; page not provided) calls for longer-term follow-up. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Neuropsychological Consequences of Child Brain Injury
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- Authors
- Ewing-Cobbs, L., Prasad, M. R., Mendez, D., Barnes, M. A., & Swank, P.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (US)
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- Venue
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2013-03-18
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 497-507
- ISSN
- 1355-6177 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7661
- PMC
- PMC5038139
- OpenAlex
- W2139375097
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 1.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS029462)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Keywords
- traumatic brain injury, young children, social interaction, joint attention, gaze, social responsiveness, family resources, injury severity, social outcomes, cognitive outcomes, adaptive behavior
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Brain Injuries, Child, Preschool, Cognition, Family, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Retrospective Studies, Statistics as Topic, Cohort Studies, Glasgow Coma Scale
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