The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Determination of Estrogens in Sludge and Sediments by Liquid Extraction and GC/MS/MS
Abstract
Two methods have been developed that enable the determination of estrogens down to 2 ng/g in digested and activated sludge from domestic sewage treatment plants (STPs) and down to 0.2 ng/g in freshwater sediments. The method for sludge analysis consists of solvent extraction; a gel permeation chromatography (GPC) cleanup step, a 1 g silica gel column; and finally, detection by GC-ion trap MS/MS of the silylated estrogens with MSTFA. For sediments, the solvent extraction was successively followed by silica gel cleanup, solid phase enrichment (SPE), and a HPLC cleanup before derivatization and GC/MS/MS detection. Mean recoveries of the estrogens mainly exceeded 70% in sludge and 90% in sediments. In activated and digested sewage sludge, estrone and 17beta-estradiol were detected up to 37 ng/g and 49 ng/g, respectively, and 17alpha-ethinylestradiol up to 17 ng/g. The occurrence of estrogens in digested sludge indicates that estrogens can be persistent during sludge digestion. In river sediments, estrone and 17beta-estradiol were detected up to 2 ng/g (estrone), and the contraceptive 17alpha-ethinylestradiol was found with a maximum of 0.9 ng/g. Mestranol, a prodrug for 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, was not detected either in sludge or in sediments.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Desbrow, C., Routledge, E. J., Brighty, G. C., Sumpter, J. P., & Waldock, M. (1998) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es9707973 · Cited by 1,712
Identification of Estrogenic Chemicals in STW Effluent. 2. In Vivo Responses in Trout and Roach
Routledge, E. J., Sheahan, D., Desbrow, C., Brighty, G. C., Waldock, M., & Sumpter, J. P. (1998) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es970796a · Cited by 995
Baronti, C., Curini, R., D'Ascenzo, G., Di Corcia, A., Gentili, A., & Samperi, R. (2000) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es001359q · Cited by 965
Belfroid, A. C., Van der Horst, A., Vethaak, A. D., Schäfer, A. J., Rijs, G. B. J., Wegener, J., & Cofino, W. P. (1999) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(98)00336-2 · Cited by 710
Johnson, A. C., Belfroid, A., & Di Corcia, A. (2000) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(00)00481-2 · Cited by 423
Analytical Methods for Detection of Selected Estrogenic Compounds in Aqueous Mixtures
Snyder, S. A., Keith, T. L., Verbrugge, D. A., Snyder, E. M., Gross, T. S., Kannan, K., & Giesy, J. P. (1999) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es981294f · Cited by 419
Spengler, P., Körner, W., & Metzger, J. W. (2001) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1002/etc.5620201001 · Cited by 308
Ferguson, P. L., Iden, C. R., McElroy, A. E., & Brownawell, B. J. (2001) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ac010327y · Cited by 138
Estrogen and estrogen mimics contamination in water and the role of sewage treatment
Matsui, S., Takigami, H., Matsuda, T., Taniguchi, N., Adachi, J., Kawami, H., & Shimizu, Y. (2000) · Water Science & Technology · doi:10.2166/wst.2000.0265 · Cited by 138
Huang, Y., Stegeman, J. J., Woodin, B. R., & Karasov, W. H. (2001) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1002/etc.5620200122 · Cited by 34
Cited by
Ecotoxicology of human pharmaceuticals
Fent, K., Weston, A. A., & Caminada, D. (2006) · Aquatic Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2005.09.009 · Cited by 3,223
Petrie, B., Barden, R., & Kasprzyk-Hordern, B. (2015) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2014.08.053 · Cited by 2,614
Occurrence and Fate of Human Pharmaceuticals in the Environment
Monteiro, S. C., & Boxall, A. B. A. (2010) · Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1157-5_2 · Cited by 451
Xu, J., Wu, L., Chen, W., & Chang, A. C. (2008) · Journal of Chromatography A · doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2008.07.001 · Cited by 154
Metadata
- Authors
- Ternes, T. A., Andersen, H., Gilberg, D., & Bonerz, M.
- Venue
- Analytical Chemistry
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2002-05-24
- Volume
- 74
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 3498-3504
- ISSN
- 0003-2700 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-6882
- OpenAlex
- W2062802627
- Cited by
- 391
- References
- 11
- FWCI
- 12.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Determination of Estrogens in Sludge and Sediments by Liquid Extraction and GC/MS/MS. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1021/ac015717z
- The paper
- Ternes, T. A., Andersen, H., Gilberg, D., & Bonerz, M. (2002). Determination of Estrogens in Sludge and Sediments by Liquid Extraction and GC/MS/MS. Analytical Chemistry. https://doi.org/10.1021/ac015717z
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
