Cited by 512Nanoparticle-Based Drug DeliveryNanoplatforms for cancer theranosticsDendrimers and Hyperbranched Polymers

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The Use of Alternative Strategies for Enhanced Nanoparticle Delivery to Solid Tumors

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Izci, Mukaddes, Maksoudian, Christy, Manshian, Bella B., Soenen, Stefaan J.·2021·Chemical Reviews

DOI 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00779PMC PMC7883342

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Abstract

Abstract Nanomaterial (NM) delivery to solid tumors has been the focus of intense research for over a decade. Classically, scientists have tried to improve NM delivery by employing passive or active targeting strategies, making use of the so-called enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. This phenomenon is made possible due to the leaky tumor vasculature through which NMs can leave the bloodstream, traverse through the gaps in the endothelial lining of the vessels, and enter the tumor. Recent studies have shown that despite many efforts to employ the EPR effect, this process remains very poor. Furthermore, the role of the EPR effect has been called into question, where it has been suggested that NMs enter the tumor via active mechanisms and not through the endothelial gaps. In this review, we provide a short overview of the EPR and mechanisms to enhance it, after which we focus on alternative delivery strategies that do not solely rely on EPR in itself but can offer interesting pharmacological, physical, and biological solutions for enhanced delivery. We discuss the strengths and shortcomings of these different strategies and suggest combinatorial approaches as the ideal path forward.

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Authors: Izci, M., Maksoudian, C., Manshian, B. B., & Soenen, S. J.
Affiliations: KU Leuven (BE)
Corresponding author: Soenen, Stefaan J.
ORCID: Maksoudian, Christy
Manshian, Bella B.
Soenen, Stefaan J.
Venue: Chemical Reviews
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published: 2021-01-14
Volume: 121
Issue: 3
Pages: 1746-1803
ISSN: 0009-2665 (ISSN-L)
1520-6890
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00779
PMC: PMC7883342
OpenAlex: W3118474372
Cited by: 506
References: 529
Citations by year: 2026: 81 · 2025: 91 · 2024: 109 · 2023: 96 · 2022: 94 · 2021: 35
FWCI: 5.77
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-nd
pubs.acs.org/page/policy/authorchoice_ccbyncnd_termsofuse.html (vor)
Locations: Chemical Reviews (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Lirias (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders: H2020 European Research Council (757398)
Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (G0B2919N)
Bijzonder Onderzoeksfonds (3M180306)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics
Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Dendrimers and Hyperbranched Polymers
Keywords: nanoparticle delivery, solid tumors, enhanced permeability and retention effect, tumor vasculature, active targeting, passive targeting, tumor endothelium
MeSH terms: Animals, Humans, Neoplasms, Peptides, Drug Delivery Systems, Nanoparticles, Tumor Microenvironment

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The Use of Alternative Strategies for Enhanced Nanoparticle Delivery to Solid Tumors

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