Cited by 486Protein Structure and DynamicsAdvanced NMR Techniques and ApplicationsReceptor Mechanisms and Signaling

Protein Allostery and Conformational Dynamics

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Guo, Jingjing, Zhou, Huan-Xiang·2016·Chemical Reviews

Abstract

The functions of many proteins are regulated through allostery, whereby effector binding at a distal site changes the functional activity (e.g., substrate binding affinity or catalytic efficiency) at the active site. Most allosteric studies have focused on thermodynamic properties, in particular, substrate binding affinity. Changes in substrate binding affinity by allosteric effectors have generally been thought to be mediated by conformational transitions of the proteins or, alternatively, by changes in the broadness of the free energy basin of the protein conformational state without shifting the basin minimum position. When effector binding changes the free energy landscape of a protein in conformational space, the change affects not only thermodynamic properties but also dynamic properties, including the amplitudes of motions on different time scales and rates of conformational transitions. Here we assess the roles of conformational dynamics in allosteric regulation. Two cases are highlighted where NMR spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation have been used as complementary approaches to identify residues possibly involved in allosteric communication. Perspectives on contentious issues, for example, the relationship between picosecond-nanosecond local and microsecond-millisecond conformational exchange dynamics, are presented.

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  • AlphaFold, which predicts single ranked structures for a protein sequence, is unable to address directly allosteric mechanisms, which are based on populations of conformational states in ensembles.

    “AlphaFold, which predicts single ranked structures for a protein sequence, is unable to address directly allosteric mechanisms, which are based on the populations of conformational states in the ensembles.”

    From AlphaFold, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Allostery (2022) · cites this paper as [103]

  • In thermal fluctuation allostery, soft global modes of motion rather than more local ones are recruited to enable allosteric cooperativity.

    “A feature of this mechanism, first formalized by Cooper and Dryden (1984) and termed thermal fluctuations allostery by the author or “dynamic allostery” elsewhere (Guo and Zhou, 2016; Kern and Zuiderweg, 2003; Schueler-Furman and Wodak, 2016, is that soft global modes of motion rather than more local ones are recruited to enable allosteric cooperativity.”

    From Allostery in Its Many Disguises: From Theory to Applications (2019) · cites this paper as Guo and Zhou, 2016

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Authors
Guo, J., & Zhou, H.-X.
Affiliations
  • Henan Normal University (CN)
  • Florida State University (US)
Corresponding author
Zhou, Huan-Xiang
Venue
Chemical Reviews
Published
2016-02-15
Volume
116
Issue
11
Pages
6503-6515
ISSN
  • 0009-2665 (ISSN-L)
  • 1520-6890
OpenAlex
W2283818235
Cited by
484
References
99
Citations by year
2026: 66 · 2025: 59 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 58 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 48 · 2018: 35 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 17
FWCI
3.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Chemical Reviews (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (GM058187)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Structure and Dynamics
  • Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Spectroscopy › Advanced NMR Techniques and Applications
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
Keywords
protein allostery, conformational dynamics, allosteric regulation, free energy landscape, conformational change, substrate affinity, allosteric effectors, NMR spectroscopy, molecular dynamics simulation
MeSH terms
NIMA-Interacting Peptidylprolyl Isomerase, Allosteric Regulation, Protein Binding, Protein Conformation, Proteins, Thermodynamics, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular, Catalytic Domain, Molecular Dynamics Simulation

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