Pivotal Roles of Metal Oxides in the Formation of Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals
Open accessAbstract
Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are emerging pollutants that can adversely affect human health. Although the pivotal roles of metal oxides in EPFR formation have been identified, few studies have investigated the influence of the metal oxide species, size, or concentration on the formation of EPFRs. In this study, EPFR formation from a polyaromatic hydrocarbon with chlorine and hydroxyl substituents (2,4-dichloro-1-naphthol) was investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The effect of the metal oxide on the EPFR species and its lifetime and yield were evaluated. The spectra obtained with catalysis by CuO, Al 2 O 3, ZnO, and NiO were obviously different, indicating that different EPFRs formed. The abilities of the metal oxides to promote EPFR formation were in the order Al 2 O 3 > ZnO > CuO > NiO, which were in accordance with the oxidizing strengths of the metal cations. A decay study showed that the generated radicals were persistent, with a maximum 1/ e lifetime of 108 days on the surface of Al 2 O 3 . The radical yields were dependent on the concentration and particle size of the metal oxide. Metal oxide nanoparticles increased the EPFR concentrations more than micrometer-sized particles.
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Incorporation of transition metals can manifest catalytic performance by tuning density and diversity of both functional groups and EPFRs.
“The incorporation of transition metals (intrinsic mineral ash content or exogenous metal additives) could manifest catalytic performance by tuning the density and diversity of both functional groups and EPFRs.86”
From Sustainable remediation with an electroactive biochar system: mechanisms and perspectives (2020) · cites this paper as [86]
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- Authors
- Yang, L., Liu, G., Zheng, M., Jin, R., Zhao, Y., Wu, X., & Xu, Y.
- Affiliations
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Liu, Guorui
- Venue
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2017-10-25
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 21
- Pages
- 12329-12336
- ISSN
- 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5851
- OpenAlex
- W2763835287
- Cited by
- 152
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 5
- FWCI
- 3.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- ir.rcees.ac.cn
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- Locations
- Environmental Science & Technology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences OpenIR (Chinese Academy of Sciences) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Funders
- Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2015CB453100)
- Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (2016038)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (91543108)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB14020102)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Advanced oxidation water treatment
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Environmental remediation with nanomaterials
- Keywords
- environmentally persistent free radicals, metal oxides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, copper oxide, alumina, zinc oxide, nickel oxide, metal oxide nanoparticles, radical lifetime, radical yield, emerging contaminants
- MeSH terms
- Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy, Free Radicals, Humans, Metals, Oxides, Hydroxyl Radical
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