Uniaxial and Mixed Orientations of Poly(ethylene oxide) in Nanoporous Alumina Studied by X-ray Pole Figure Analysis
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The orientation of polymers under confinement is a basic, yet not fully understood phenomenon. In this work, the texture of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) infiltrated in nanoporous anodic alumina oxide (AAO) templates was investigated by X-ray pole figures. The influence of geometry and crystallization conditions, such as pore diameter, aspect ratio, and cooling rates, was systematically examined. All the samples exhibited a single, volume-dependent crystallization temperature ( T c ) that is much lower than that exhibited by bulk PEO, indicating “clean” microdomains without detectable heterogeneous nucleation. An “orientation diagram” was established to account for the experimental observations. Under very high cooling rates (quenching), crystallization of PEO within AAO was nucleation-controlled, adopting a random distribution of crystallites. Under low cooling rates, growth kinetics played a decisive role in the crystal orientation. A relatively faster cooling rate (10 °C/min) and/or smaller pores lead to the ⟨120⟩*||pore axis ( n⃗ ) mode (uniaxial orientation). When the cooling rate was lower (1 °C/min) and/or the pores were larger, a mixed orientation, with a coexistence of ⟨120⟩*|| n⃗ and ⟨010⟩*∥ n⃗, was observed. The results favor the kinetic model that the fastest growth direction tends to align parallel to the pore axis.
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The majority of studies show that PEO exhibits a single exothermic peak during cooling when confined within AAO.
“The majority of studies have shown that the PEO exhibits a single exothermic peak during cooling when confined within AAO [ 218 , 277-280 ].”
From Fractionated crystallization in semicrystalline polymers (2021) · cites this paper as [279]
Similar low crystallization temperatures were also found in PEO confined within block copolymers or AAO templates.
“Similar low crystallization temperatures were also found in PEO confined within block copolymers or AAO templates (see previous sections) [ 128 , 218 , 277-280 ].”
From Fractionated crystallization in semicrystalline polymers (2021) · cites this paper as [279]
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Fractionated crystallization in semicrystalline polymers
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Su, C., Shi, G., Li, X., Zhang, X., Müller, A. J., Wang, D., & Liu, G.
- Affiliations
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology (CN)
- Ikerbasque (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Liu, Guoming
- Venue
- Macromolecules
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2018-11-16
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- 9484-9493
- ISSN
- 0024-9297 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5835
- OpenAlex
- W2900494044
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 1.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Macromolecules (publishedVersion)
- Communities in ADDI (University of the Basque Country) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion)
- Hispana (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (YS2017YFGH001411)
- Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (2015026)
- H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions (H2020-MSCA-RISE-2017-778092)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (21274156, 51820105005, 21873109)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Polymer crystallization and properties
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Anodic Oxide Films and Nanostructures
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Block Copolymer Self-Assembly
- Keywords
- poly(ethylene oxide), nanoporous anodic alumina, polymer crystallization, cooling rate, crystal growth kinetics, uniaxial orientation, pore size, pore aspect ratio
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