Separable Microneedles with Photosynthesis-Driven Oxygen Manufactory for Diabetic Wound Healing
Abstract
Oxygen plays an important role in diabetic chronic wound healing by regulating various life activities such as cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. Therefore, oxygen-delivering systems have drawn much attention and evolved continuously. Here, we propose that an active Chlorella vulgaris (Cv)-loaded separable microneedle (MN) can be used to control oxygen delivery, which then promotes wound healing. The Cv-loaded microneedles (CvMN) consist of a polyvinyl acetate (PVA) substrate and gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) tips with encapsulated Cv. Once CvMN is applied to diabetic wound, the PVA basal layer is rapidly dissolved in a short time, while the noncytotoxic and biocompatible GelMA tips remain in the skin. By taking advantage of the photosynthesis of Cv, oxygen would be continuously produced in a green way and released from CvMN in a controlled manner. Both in vitro and in vivo results showed that CvMN could promote cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis and enhance wound healing in diabetic mice effectively. The remarkable therapeutic effect is mainly attributed to the continuous generation of dissolved oxygen in CvMN and the presence of antioxidant vitamins, γ-linolenic acid, and linoleic acid in Cv. Thus, CvMN provides a promising strategy for diabetic wound healing with more possibility of clinical transformations.
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C. vulgaris could remain alive for at least 6 days, ensuring continuous production of O2.
“In addition, C. vulgaris could remain alive for at least 6 days, which would ensure the continuous production of O2.”
From Emerging Applications of Chlorella sp. and Spirulina (Arthrospira) sp. (2023) · cites this paper as [122]
Under near-infrared light, C. vulgaris produces O2, promoting fibroblast proliferation and angiogenesis.
“Both in vitro and in vivo results showed that, under near-infrared light, C. vulgaris produces O2, promoting fibroblast proliferation and angiogenesis.”
From Emerging Applications of Chlorella sp. and Spirulina (Arthrospira) sp. (2023) · cites this paper as [122]
A transdermal microneedle delivery method encapsulating C. vulgaris (CvMNs) was developed for O2 supply in diabetic wound healing.
“An efficient transdermal delivery method based on microneedles encapsulating C. vulgaris (CvMNs) was developed for the O2 supply in diabetic wound healing [122].”
From Emerging Applications of Chlorella sp. and Spirulina (Arthrospira) sp. (2023) · cites this paper as [122]
Antioxidant compounds from C. vulgaris inhibit inflammation, accelerating wound healing.
“Concomitantly, the antioxidant compounds from the microalga inhibit the inflammation, accelerating the wound healing.”
From Emerging Applications of Chlorella sp. and Spirulina (Arthrospira) sp. (2023) · cites this paper as [122]
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- Authors
- Zhao, E., Xiao, T., Tan, Y., Zhou, X., Li, Y., Wang, X., Zhang, K., Ou, C., Zhang, J., Li, Z., & Liu, H.
- Affiliations
- Hebei University (CN)
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University (CN)
- Southern Medical University (CN)
- University of Manchester (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Zhenhua
- Liu, Huifang
- ORCID
- Venue
- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2023-02-02
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 7725-7734
- ISSN
- 1944-8244 (ISSN-L)
- 1944-8252
- OpenAlex
- W4318948401
- Cited by
- 88
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 15
- FWCI
- 9.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (B2020201091, B2021201038)
- Hebei University (DXK201916)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (21977024, 31971304, 32271420)
- Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2021B1515120065)
- Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Basic Research Cooperation Project (19JCZDJC64100)
- Hebei Province (20567605H)
- Hundred Talent Project of Hebei Province (E2018100002)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Wound Healing and Treatments
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
- Keywords
- Chlorella vulgaris, diabetic wound healing, oxygen delivery, gelatin methacryloyl, polyvinyl acetate, controlled drug release, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, gamma-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, antioxidant vitamins
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, Oxygen, Photosynthesis, Wound Healing, Hydrogels, Chlorella vulgaris, Mice
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