Building stable MMP2-responsive multifunctional polymeric micelles by an all-in-one polymer–lipid conjugate for tumor-targeted intracellular drug delivery
Abstract
In this study, we described an "all-in-one" polymer-lipid conjugate (PEG2k-ppTAT-PEG1k-PE) that could self-assemble to matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2)-sensitive multifunctional micelles. The assembled micelles had several key features, including a protective long chain poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG2k) (the outer shell), an MMP2-sensitive peptide linker (pp) (the tumor-targeting middle layer), a trans-activating transcriptional activator (TAT) peptide (the cell-penetrating middle layer), and a stable PEG1k-PE micelle for drug loading (the inner core). In the absence of MMP2, the PEG2k-ppTAT-PEG1k-PE micelles were intact and showed low bioactivity due to the surface-anchored PEG2k, whereas in the presence of MMP2, the pp was cleaved, resulting in the PEG2k deshielding and exposure of the previously hidden TAT for enhanced intracellular drug delivery. Even if completely cleaved by MMP2, the remaining PEG1k-PE micelles were stable and the micelles' particle size and drug release were not significantly influenced. The paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded PEG2k-ppTAT-PEG1k-PE micelles showed significant MMP2-dependent cellular uptake, tumor penetration, and anticancer activity in various cancer cells and three-dimensional multicellular spheroids. Because of the enhanced intracellular drug accumulation, these multifunctional micelles were able to sensitize the drug-resistant cancer cells and their spheroids to PTX treatments. Furthermore, in vivo tumor uptake and retention data indicated that the PEG2k-ppTAT-PEG1k-PE micelles could dramatically increase the residence time of their payloads in the tumor.
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- Authors
- Yao, Q., Dai, Z., Hoon Choi, J., Kim, D., & Zhu, L.
- Affiliations
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University (CN)
- Texas A&M Health Science Center (US)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Kingsville, Texas 78363, United States
- Corresponding author
- Zhu, Lin
- Venue
- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2017-09-13
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 38
- Pages
- 32520-32533
- ISSN
- 1944-8244 (ISSN-L)
- 1944-8252
- OpenAlex
- W2752306846
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 3.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- China Scholarship Council (201508210197)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
- Keywords
- polymeric micelles, anticancer drug delivery, intracellular drug delivery, TAT peptide, cell-penetrating peptides, PEGylation, paclitaxel, tumor penetration, drug resistance, tumor spheroids, self-assembly
- MeSH terms
- Drug Carriers, Humans, Lipids, Micelles, Polyethylene Glycols, Polymers, Drug Delivery Systems, Paclitaxel, Matrix Metalloproteinase 2, Cell Line, Tumor
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