The Foreign Body Response Demystified
Abstract
The human body is endowed with an uncanny ability to distinguish self from foreign. The implantation of a foreign object inside a mammalian host activates complex signaling cascades, which lead to biological encapsulation of the implant. This reaction by the host system to a foreign object is known as foreign body response (FBR). Over the last few decades, it has been increasingly important to have a deeper insight into the mechanisms of FBR is needed to develop biomaterials for better integration with living systems. In the light of recent advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, particularly in the field of biosensors and biodegradable tissue engineering scaffolds, the classical concepts related to the FBR have acquired new dimensions. The aim of this review is to provide a holistic view of the FBR, while critically analyzing the challenges, which need to be addressed in the future to overcome this innate response. In particular, this review discusses the relevant experimental methodology to assess the host response. The role of erosion and degradation behavior on FBR with biodegradable polymers is largely explored. Apart from the discussion on temporal progression of FBR, an emphasis has been given to the design of next-generation biomaterials with favorable host response.
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When a scaffold is applied in vivo, a series of specific inflammatory and wound-healing reactions are activated as affected tissue elicits cellular response.
“When a scaffold is applied in vivo, a series of specific inflammatory and wound-healing reactions are activated as affected tissue elicits cellular response [203].”
From Resorbable Biomaterials Used for 3D Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering: A Review (2023) · cites this paper as [203]
As the scaffold persists in the organism, the onset of the chronic inflammatory reaction begins.
“However, as the scaffold persists in the organism, the onset of the chronic inflammatory reaction begins [203].”
From Resorbable Biomaterials Used for 3D Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering: A Review (2023) · cites this paper as [203]
The acute inflammatory phase lasts approximately 3-7 days.
“The acute inflammatory phase lasts approximately 3–7 days.”
From Resorbable Biomaterials Used for 3D Scaffolds in Tissue Engineering: A Review (2023) · cites this paper as [203]
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- Authors
- Chandorkar, Y., K, R., & Basu, B.
- Affiliations
- Indian Institute of Science Bangalore (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Basu, Bikramjit
- Venue
- ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2018-06-04
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 19-44
- ISSN
- 2373-9878 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2805902482
- Cited by
- 201
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 15.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- NOT FOUND REPOSITORY (Indian Institute of Science Bangalore) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Department of Biotechnology , Ministry of Science and Technology
- Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Keywords
- foreign body reaction, biomaterials, biodegradable polymers, biodegradation, encapsulation, host response, tissue engineering scaffolds, biosensors, biomaterial design, self-recognition
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