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A Review on MXene Synthesis, Stability, and Photocatalytic Applications

Murali, G., Reddy Modigunta, Jeevan Kumar, Park, Young Ho, Lee, Jong-Hoon, Rawal, Jishu, Lee, Seul-Yi, In, Insik, Park, Soo-Jin·2022·ACS Nano

DOI 10.1021/acsnano.2c04750

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Abstract

Photocatalytic water splitting, CO 2 reduction, and pollutant degradation have emerged as promising strategies to remedy the existing environmental and energy crises. However, grafting of expensive and less abundant noble-metal cocatalysts on photocatalyst materials is a mandatory practice to achieve enhanced photocatalytic performance owing to the ability of the cocatalysts to extract electrons efficiently from the photocatalyst and enable rapid/enhanced catalytic reaction. Hence, developing highly efficient, inexpensive, and noble-metal-free cocatalysts composed of earth-abundant elements is considered as a noteworthy step toward considering photocatalysis as a more economical strategy. Recently, MXenes (two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides) have shown huge potential as alternatives for noble-metal cocatalysts. MXenes have several excellent properties, including atomically thin 2D morphology, metallic electrical conductivity, hydrophilic surface, and high specific surface area. In addition, they exhibit Gibbs free energy of intermediate H atom adsorption as close to zero and less than that of a commercial Pt-based cocatalyst, a Fermi level position above the H 2 generation potential, and an excellent ability to capture and activate CO 2 molecules. Therefore, there is a growing interest in MXene-based photocatalyst materials for various photocatalytic events. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in the synthesis of MXenes with 2D and 0D morphologies, the stability of MXenes, and MXene-based photocatalysts for H 2 evolution, CO 2 reduction, and pollutant degradation. The existing challenges and the possible future directions to enhance the photocatalytic performance of MXene-based photocatalysts are also discussed.

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Surface Functional Groups and Electrochemical Behavior in Dimethyl Sulfoxide‐Delaminated Ti3C2Tx MXene
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Self-citation
Enhancing the Charge Carrier Separation and Transport via Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Quantum Dot-TiO2 Nanoplate Hybrid Structure for an Efficient NO Gas Sensor
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Layered Ti3C2 MXene and silver co-modified g-C3N4 with enhanced visible light-driven photocatalytic activity
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A review on MXenes: new-generation 2D materials for supercapacitors
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2D visible-light-driven TiO2@Ti3C2/g-C3N4 ternary heterostructure for high photocatalytic activity
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State-of-the-art recent progress in MXene-based photocatalysts: a comprehensive review
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Two-Dimensional Nanosheets by Rapid and Efficient Microwave Exfoliation of Layered Materials
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Halide Perovskite Nanocrystal Photocatalysts for CO2 Reduction: Successes and Challenges
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2D MXenes with antiviral and immunomodulatory properties: A pilot study against SARS-CoV-2
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Layered BiOBr/Ti3C2 MXene composite with improved visible-light photocatalytic activity
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High-yield fabrication of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene quantum dots and their electrochemiluminescence behavior
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Preparation of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene‐Derived Quantum Dots with White/Blue‐Emitting Photoluminescence and Electrochemiluminescence
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Recent progress on strategies for the preparation of 2D/2D MXene/g-C 3 N 4 nanocomposites for photocatalytic energy and environmental applications
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Construction of Few-Layer Ti3C2 MXene and Boron-Doped g-C3N4 for Enhanced Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction
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Constructing a Stable 2D Layered Ti3C2 MXene Cocatalyst-Assisted TiO2/g-C3N4/Ti3C2 Heterojunction for Tailoring Photocatalytic Bireforming of Methane under Visible Light
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Facile single-step synthesis of MXene@CNTs hybrid nanocomposite by CVD method to remove hazardous pollutants
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Self-citation
A simple, low-cost and green method for controlling the cytotoxicity of MXenes
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Effective orientation control of photogenerated carrier separation via rational design of a Ti3C2(TiO2)@CdS/MoS2 photocatalytic system
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Preparation and Dye Degradation Performances of Self-Assembled MXene-Co3O4 Nanocomposites Synthesized via Solvothermal Approach
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Two-Dimensional Layered Materials: High-Efficient Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
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On the Structural Stability of MXene and the Role of Transition Metal Adatoms
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Effects of point defects on the magnetoelectronic structures of MXenes from first principles
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Intercalation of Metal Ions into Ti3C2Tx MXene Electrodes for High‐Areal‐Capacitance Microsupercapacitors with Neutral Multivalent Electrolytes
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Ti3C2 MXene-bridged Ag/Ag3PO4 hybrids toward enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity
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MXene‐Based Membranes for Separation Applications
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Ti2C MXene Modified with Ceramic Oxide and Noble Metal Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Morphostructural Properties, and High Photocatalytic Activity
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A Critical Review on Enhancement of Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production by Molybdenum Disulfide: From Growth to Interfacial Activities
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Bioencapsulated MXene Flakes for Enhanced Stability and Composite Precursors
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Eosin Y-sensitized partially oxidized Ti 3 C 2 MXene for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
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Construction of an Ultrathin S‐Scheme Heterojunction Based on Few‐Layer g‐C 3 N 4 and Monolayer Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene for Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction
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Self-citation
Fluorine-free Ti 3 C 2 T x (T = O, OH) nanosheets (∼50–100 nm) for nitrogen fixation under ambient conditions
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Review of Advances in Engineering Nanomaterial Adsorbents for Metal Removal and Recovery from Water: Synthesis and Microstructure Impacts
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MXene-Derived Quantum Dots for Energy Conversion and Storage Applications
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A Red‐Phosphorous‐Assisted Ball‐Milling Synthesis of Few‐Layered Ti 3 C 2 T x (MXene) Nanodot Composite
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1T-MoS 2 nanopatch/Ti 3 C 2 MXene/TiO 2 nanosheet hybrids for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
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Ternary g-C3N4/TiO2/Ti3C2 MXene S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts for NOx removal under visible light
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2D/2D Heterojunction of R-scheme Ti3C2 MXene/MoS2 Nanosheets for Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance
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Atomic defects, functional groups and properties in MXenes
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Acoustomicrofluidic Synthesis of Pristine Ultrathin Ti3C2Tz MXene Nanosheets and Quantum Dots
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MXenes as co-catalysts for the solar-driven photocatalytic reduction of CO 2
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Mesoporous g-C3N4/MXene (Ti3C2Tx) heterojunction as a 2D electronic charge transfer for efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction
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Well-Dispersed Nanocomposites Using Covalently Modified, Multilayer, 2D Titanium Carbide (MXene) and In-Situ “Click” Polymerization
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Ultrathin NiAl-Layered Double Hydroxides Grown on 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene to Construct Core–Shell Heterostructures for Enhanced Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction
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Hexagonal 2H-MoSe2 broad spectrum active photocatalyst for Cr(VI) reduction
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Self-citation
Impact of Cation Intercalation on the Electronic Structure of Ti3C2T x MXenes in Sulfuric Acid
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Enhancing Light Absorption and Prolonging Charge Separation in Carbon Quantum Dots via Cl-Doping for Visible-Light-Driven Photocharge-Transfer Reactions
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Self-citation
Integrated nano-architectured photocatalysts for photochemical CO 2 reduction
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Controllable synthesis of flower-like MoSe 2 3D microspheres for highly efficient visible-light photocatalytic degradation of nitro-aromatic explosives
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Tunable magnetic and electronic properties of the Cr-based MXene (Cr2C) with functional groups and doping
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2D/2D BiOBr/Ti3C2 heterojunction with dual applications in both water detoxification and water splitting
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Conductive Ti 3 C 2 and MOF-derived CoS x boosting the photocatalytic hydrogen production activity of TiO 2
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In situ crystallization and growth of TiO 2 nanospheres between MXene layers for improved adsorption and visible light photocatalysis
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ε-Poly-L-lysine-protected Ti3C2 MXene quantum dots with high quantum yield for fluorometric determination of cytochrome c and trypsin
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Crystalline carbon nitride anchored on MXene as an ordered Schottky heterojunction photocatalyst for enhanced visible-light hydrogen evolution
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Z-Scheme Core–Shell meso-TiO2@ZnIn2S4/Ti3C2 MXene Enhances Visible Light-Driven CO2-to-CH4 Selectivity
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Ti3C2 nanosheets modified Zr-MOFs with Schottky junction for boosting photocatalytic HER performance
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A surface-alkalinized Ti 3 C 2 MXene as an efficient cocatalyst for enhanced photocatalytic CO 2 reduction over ZnO
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Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution via Water Splitting: A Short Review
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Self-citation
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Electronically Inverted Perovskite‐Type Co‐catalyst as a Universal Platform for Enhanced Photocatalysis
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See all 668

Authors: Murali, G., Reddy Modigunta, J. K., Park, Y. H., Lee, J.-H., Rawal, J., Lee, S.-Y., In, I., & Park, S.-J.
Venue: ACS Nano
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published: 2022-09-12
Volume: 16
Issue: 9
Pages: 13370-13429
ISSN: 1936-0851 (ISSN-L)
1936-086X
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c04750
OpenAlex: W4295879529
Cited by: 668
References: 401
FWCI: 34.23
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed

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A Review on MXene Synthesis, Stability, and Photocatalytic Applications

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