Valorization of Lignin Waste: Carbons from Hydrothermal Carbonization of Renewable Lignin as Superior Sorbents for CO 2 and Hydrogen Storage
Abstract
This report presents the preparation of renewable carbons from hydrothermally carbonized lignin waste. The hydrothermally carbonized mineral-free lignin-derived hydrochar was activated with KOH to yield carbons with surface area of 1157–3235 m 2 g –1 and pore volume of 0.59–1.77 cm 3 g –1 . Activation at KOH/carbon = 2, generates highly microporous carbons (≥97% micropore surface area and 93% micropore volume), which exhibit excellent CO 2 uptake capacity; up to 4.6 mmol g –1 at 1 bar and 25 °C, and 17.3 mmol g –1 at 20 bar and 25 °C, whereas at 0 °C and 1 bar, they store up to 7.4 mmol g –1 . Activation at KOH/carbon = 4 can generate carbons with surface area and pore volume of up to 3235 m 2 g –1 and 1.77 cm 3 g –1, respectively, which have hydrogen uptake of up to 6.2 wt % at −196 °C and 20 bar. The simplicity of hydrothermal carbonization in generating hydrochars suitable for activation from readily available lignin waste, without the need for a demineralization step, makes these carbons attractive as gas storage materials for energy related applications. Furthermore, the lignin-derived carbons offer advantages with respect to attainable porosity and gas storage capacity compared to other forms of biomass (e.g., cellulose)-derived carbons.
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- Authors
- Sangchoom, W., & Mokaya, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Nottingham (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Mokaya, Robert
- ORCID
- Mokaya, Robert
- Venue
- ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2015-06-11
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1658-1667
- ISSN
- 2168-0485 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2339908953
- Cited by
- 193
- References
- 97
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 16.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Ocean Engineering › Coal Properties and Utilization
- Keywords
- lignin waste valorization, hydrothermal carbonization, KOH activation, microporous carbon, CO2 adsorption, hydrogen storage, gas sorbents, biomass-derived carbon
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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