Orthogonal Degron System for Controlled Protein Degradation in Cyanobacteria
Abstract
Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 is a model cyanobacterium for study of the circadian clock, photosynthesis, and bioproduction of chemicals, yet nearly 40% of its gene identities and functions remain unknown, in part due to limitations of the existing genetic toolkit. While classical techniques for the study of genes ( e.g., deletion or mutagenesis) can yield valuable information about the absence of a gene and its associated protein, there are limits to these approaches, particularly in the study of essential genes. Herein, we developed a tool for inducible degradation of target proteins in S. elongatus by adapting a method using degron tags from the Mesoplasma florum transfer-mRNA (tmRNA) system. We observed that M. florum lon protease can rapidly degrade exogenous and native proteins tagged with the cognate sequence within hours of induction. We used this system to inducibly degrade the essential cell division factor, FtsZ, as well as shell protein components of the carboxysome. Our results have implications for carboxysome biogenesis and the rate of carboxysome turnover during cell growth. Lon protease control of proteins offers an alternative approach for the study of essential proteins and protein dynamics in cyanobacteria.
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Controlled degradation can be engineered deliberately using degron-based systems, providing a post-translational strategy to tune enzyme abundance, remove toxic pathway proteins or dynamically regulate metabolic flux.
“Conversely, controlled degradation can be engineered deliberately using degron-based systems, providing a post-translational strategy to tune enzyme abundance, remove toxic pathway proteins or dynamically regulate metabolic flux [108].”
From Cyanobacteria as a Photosynthetic Chassis for Metabolic Pathway Engineering with Heterologous Gene Expression (2026) · cites this paper as [108]
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Wang, N., Li, B., Ma, X., Meng, Y., Chen, C. S., Rahman, M. U., Zhang, T., Li, Z., Wang, P., & Chen, Y. (2019) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.ra119.009621 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
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Sun, Y. (2019) · University of Liverpool · doi:10.17638/03033859 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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Cui, J., Sun, H., Chen, R., Sun, J., Mo, G., Luan, G., & Lü, X. (2023) · Green Carbon · doi:10.1016/j.greenca.2023.11.004 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
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Walshe, J., & Saha, S. K. (2026) · Current Issues in Molecular Biology · doi:10.3390/cimb48060638 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Conversely, controlled degradation can be engineered deliberately using degron-based systems, providing a post-translational strategy to tune enzyme abundance, remove toxic pathway proteins or dynamically regulate metabolic flux [108].”
Rubisco responds to sucrose give and take in cyanobacteria
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Singh, A. K., Santos‐Merino, M., Sakkos, J. K., Walker, B. J., & Ducat, D. C. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.10.11.463961 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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Santos‐Merino, M., Nikkanen, L., Kokarakis, E. J., Allahverdiyeva, Y., & Ducat, D. C. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.01.24.634715
Self-citationKokarakis, E. J., Santos‐Merino, M., Ghaffarinasab, S., Vocelle, D. B., & Ducat, D. C. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.04.03.647055
Self-citation
- Authors
- Sakkos, J. K., Hernandez-Ortiz, S., Osteryoung, K. W., & Ducat, D. C.
- Affiliations
- Michigan State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ducat, Daniel C.
- Venue
- ACS Synthetic Biology
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2021-07-07
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1667-1681
- ISSN
- 2161-5063 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3177628571
- Cited by
- 21
- References
- 102
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 1.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- ACS Synthetic Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy (DE-FG02-91ER20021)
- National Science Foundation (1517241)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Photosynthetic Processes and Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Biochemical and Structural Characterization
- Keywords
- protein degradation, Lon protease, Mesoplasma florum, Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942, cyanobacteria, FtsZ, essential genes, genetic toolkit
- MeSH terms
- Bacterial Proteins, Plant Proteins, Entomoplasmataceae, Synechococcus, Protease La, Proteolysis
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