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Atomic-Scale Observations of Catalyst Structures under Reaction Conditions and during Catalysis
Abstract
Heterogeneous catalysis is a chemical process performed at a solid-gas or solid-liquid interface. Direct participation of catalyst atoms in this chemical process determines the significance of the surface structure of a catalyst in a fundamental understanding of such a chemical process at a molecular level. High-pressure scanning tunneling microscopy (HP-STM) and environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM) have been used to observe catalyst structure in the last few decades. In this review, instrumentation for the two in situ/operando techniques and scientific findings on catalyst structures under reaction conditions and during catalysis are discussed with the following objectives: (1) to present the fundamental aspects of in situ/operando studies of catalysts; (2) to interpret the observed restructurings of catalyst and evolution of catalyst structures; (3) to explore how HP-STM and ETEM can be synergistically used to reveal structural details under reaction conditions and during catalysis; and (4) to discuss the future challenges and prospects of atomic-scale observation of catalysts in understanding of heterogeneous catalysis. This Review focuses on the development of HP-STM and ETEM, the in situ/operando characterizations of catalyst structures with them, and the integration of the two structural analytical techniques for fundamentally understanding catalysis.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Tao, F. (., & Crozier, P. A.
- Venue
- Chemical Reviews
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2016-03-09
- Volume
- 116
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 3487-3539
- ISSN
- 0009-2665 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-6890
- OpenAlex
- W2295453160
- Cited by
- 357
- References
- 172
- FWCI
- 1.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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