The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 42 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Flame Retardant Transfers from U.S. Households (Dust and Laundry Wastewater) to the Aquatic Environment
Abstract
Levels of flame retardants in house dust and a transport pathway from homes to the outdoor environment were investigated in communities near the Columbia River in Washington state (WA). Residential house dust and laundry wastewater were collected from 20 homes in Vancouver and Longview, WA and analyzed for a suite of flame retardants to test the hypothesis that dust collecting on clothing and transferring to laundry water is a source of flame retardants to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and subsequently to waterways. Influent and effluent from two WWTPs servicing these communities were also analyzed for flame retardants. A total of 21 compounds were detected in house dust, including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (TBB or EH-TBB), bis(2-ethylhexyl) 3,4,5,6-tetrabromophthalate (TBPH), 1,2-bis(2,4,6,-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE) and decabromodiphenylethane (DBDPE), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD or HBCDD), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), and three chlorinated organophosphate flame retardants (ClOPFRs), tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TDCPP or TDCIPP), tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TCPP or TCIPP), and tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate (TCEP). Levels ranged from 3.6 to 82,700 ng g(-1) (dry weight). Of the 21 compounds detected in dust, 18 were also detected in laundry wastewater. Levels ranged from 47.1 to 561,000 ng L(-1). ClOPFRs were present at the highest concentrations in both dust and laundry wastewater, making up 72% of total flame retardant mass in dust and 92% in laundry wastewater. Comparison of flame retardant levels in WWTP influents to estimates based on laundry wastewater levels indicated that laundry wastewater may be the primary source to these WWTPs. Mass loadings to the Columbia River from each treatment plant were by far the highest for the ClOPFRs and ranged up to 114 kg/yr for TCPP.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Kolpin, D. W., Furlong, E. T., Meyer, M. T., Thurman, E. M., Zaugg, S. D., Barber, L. B., & Buxton, H. T. (2002) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es011055j · Cited by 7,953
Phosphorus flame retardants: Properties, production, environmental occurrence, toxicity and analysis
van der Veen, I., & de Boer, J. (2012) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.03.067 · Cited by 2,877
Alaee, M. (2003) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/s0160-4120(03)00121-1 · Cited by 1,924
Brominated flame retardants: cause for concern?
Birnbaum, L. S., & Staskal, D. F. (2004) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.6559 · Cited by 1,702
Pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds in U.S. drinking water
Benotti, M. J., Trenholm, R. A., Vanderford, B. J., Holady, J. C., Stanford, B. D., & Snyder, S. A. (2009) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es801845a · Cited by 1,681
Novel brominated flame retardants: A review of their analysis, environmental fate and behaviour
Covaci, A., Harrad, S., Abdallah, M. A.-E., Ali, N., Law, R. J., Herzke, D., & de Wit, C. A. (2011) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2010.11.007 · Cited by 1,419
Levels and trends of brominated flame retardants in the European environment
Law, R. J., Allchin, C. R., de Boer, J., Covaci, A., Herzke, D., Lepom, P., Morris, S., Tronczynski, J., & de Wit, C. A. (2006) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.12.007 · Cited by 839
Clarke, B. O., & Smith, S. R. (2011) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2010.06.004 · Cited by 805
Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) in the Environment and Humans: A Review
Covaci, A., Gerecke, A. C., Law, R. J., Voorspoels, S., Kohler, M., Heeb, N. V., Leslie, H., Allchin, C. R., & de Boer, J. (2006) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es0602492 · Cited by 792
Detection of Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Furniture Foam and U.S. House Dust
Stapleton, H. M., Klosterhaus, S., Eagle, S., Fuh, J., Meeker, J. D., Blum, A., & Webster, T. F. (2009) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es9014019 · Cited by 766
Organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in water and air I. Occurrence and fate
Reemtsma, T., Quintana, J. B., Rodil, R., Garcı´a-López, M., & Rodrı´guez, I. (2008) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2008.07.002 · Cited by 629
Dodson, R. E., Perovich, L. J., Covaci, A., Van den Eede, N., Ionas, A. C., Dirtu, A. C., Brody, J. G., & Rudel, R. A. (2012) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es303879n · Cited by 530
Organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticisers in surface waters
Andresen, J. A., Grundmann, A., & Bester, K. (2004) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.04.021 · Cited by 484
Identification of Flame Retardants in Polyurethane Foam Collected from Baby Products
Stapleton, H. M., Klosterhaus, S., Keller, A., Ferguson, P. L., van Bergen, S., Cooper, E., Webster, T. F., & Blum, A. (2011) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es2007462 · Cited by 482
Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in House Dust and Clothes Dryer Lint
Stapleton, H. M., Dodder, N. G., Offenberg, J. H., Schantz, M. M., & Wise, S. A. (2005) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es0486824 · Cited by 463
Novel and High Volume Use Flame Retardants in US Couches Reflective of the 2005 PentaBDE Phase Out
Stapleton, H. M., Sharma, S., Getzinger, G., Ferguson, P. L., Gabriel, M., Webster, T. F., & Blum, A. (2012) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es303471d · Cited by 446
Covaci, A., Voorspoels, S., Abdallah, M. A.-E., Geens, T., Harrad, S., & Law, R. J. (2009) · Journal of Chromatography A · doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2008.08.035 · Cited by 408
Organophosphorus Flame Retardants and Plasticizers in Swedish Sewage Treatment Plants
Marklund, A., Andersson, B., & Haglund, P. (2005) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es051013l · Cited by 396
Cristale, J., García Vázquez, A., Barata, C., & Lacorte, S. (2013) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2013.06.011 · Cited by 325
Harrad, S., de Wit, C. A., Abdallah, M. A.-E., Bergh, C., Björklund, J. A., Covaci, A., Darnerud, P. O., de Boer, J., Diamond, M., Huber, S., et al. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es903476t · Cited by 300
Organophosphate flame retardants and plasticisers in wastewater treatment plants
Meyer, J., & Bester, K. (2004) · Journal of Environmental Monitoring · doi:10.1039/b403206c · Cited by 292
Regnery, J., & Püttmann, W. (2010) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2010.05.024 · Cited by 292
Hale, R. C., La Guardia, M. J., Harvey, E., & Matt Mainor, T. (2002) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(01)00237-5 · Cited by 266
Self-citationCritical factors in assessing exposure to PBDEs via house dust
Allen, J. G., McClean, M. D., Stapleton, H. M., & Webster, T. F. (2008) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2008.03.006 · Cited by 239
High Levels of Organophosphate Flame Retardants in the Great Lakes Atmosphere
Salamova, A., Ma, Y., Venier, M., & Hites, R. A. (2014) · Environmental Science & Technology Letters · doi:10.1021/ez400034n · Cited by 232
Electricity and water consumption for laundry washing by washing machine worldwide
Pakula, C., & Stamminger, R. (2010) · Energy Efficiency · doi:10.1007/s12053-009-9072-8 · Cited by 226
North, K. D. (2004) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es049627y · Cited by 205
Greaves, A. K., & Letcher, R. J. (2014) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es501334w · Cited by 199
Harrad, S., Abdallah, M. A.-E., & Covaci, A. (2009) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2008.10.005 · Cited by 165
Gold, M. D., Blum, A., & Ames, B. N. (1978) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.347576 · Cited by 162
Song, M., Chu, S., Letcher, R. J., & Seth, R. (2006) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es060570k · Cited by 149
Occurrence of organophosphate esters in surface water and ground water in Germany.
Fries, E., & Püttmann, W. (2001) · Journal of Environmental Monitoring · doi:10.1039/b105072a · Cited by 146
Ma, Y., Venier, M., & Hites, R. A. (2011) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es203251f · Cited by 123
Zheng, J., Luo, X., Yuan, J., et al. (2011) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2011.07.009 · Cited by 111
Brominated flame retardants in offices in Michigan, U.S.A.
Batterman, S., Godwin, C., Chernyak, S. M., Jia, C., & Charles, S. M. (2010) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2010.04.008 · Cited by 103
Alvarez, D. A., Maruya, K. A., Dodder, N. G., Lao, W., Furlong, E. T., & Smalling, K. L. (2013) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.04.022 · Cited by 99
Fang, M., Webster, T. F., Gooden, D. M., Cooper, E. M., McClean, M. D., Carignan, C. C., Makey, C. M., & Stapleton, H. M. (2013) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es400032v · Cited by 96
Ross, P. (2006) · Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences · doi:10.1139/f05-244 · Cited by 85
Associations between PBDEs in office air, dust, and surface wipes
Watkins, D. J., McClean, M. D., Fraser, A. J., Weinberg, J., Stapleton, H. M., & Webster, T. F. (2013) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2013.06.001 · Cited by 84
Guardia, M. J. L., Hale, R. C., & Newman, B. (2013) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es4020212 · Cited by 79
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in residential dust: Sources of variability
Whitehead, T. P., Brown, F. R., Metayer, C., Park, J.-S., Does, M. B., Petreas, M. X., Buffler, P. A., & Rappaport, S. M. (2013) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2013.03.003 · Cited by 71
Flame retardants in building insulation: a case for re-evaluating building codes
Babrauskas, V., Lucas, D., Eisenberg, D., Singla, V., Dedeo, M., & Blum, A. (2012) · Building Research & Information · doi:10.1080/09613218.2012.744533 · Cited by 51
Cited by
Evaluation of microplastic release caused by textile washing processes of synthetic fabrics
De Falco, F., Gullo, M. P., Gentile, G., Di Pace, E., Cocca, M., Gelabert, L., Brouta-Agnésa, M., Rovira, A., Escudero, R., Villalba, R., et al. (2018) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.057 · Cited by 733
Brominated flame retardants – Exposure and risk assessment for the general population
Fromme, H., Becher, G., Hilger, B., & Völkel, W. (2016) · International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ijheh.2015.08.004 · Cited by 277
Kim, U.-J., & Kannan, K. (2018) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b00727 · Cited by 274
Gallen, C., Drage, D., Kaserzon, S., Baduel, C., Gallen, M., Banks, A., Broomhall, S., & Mueller, J. F. (2016) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.03.031 · Cited by 128
Park, H., Choo, G., Kim, H., & Oh, J.-E. (2018) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.068 · Cited by 100
Metadata
- Authors
- Schreder, E. D., & La Guardia, M. J.
- Venue
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2014-09-17
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 11575-11583
- ISSN
- 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5851
- OpenAlex
- W2329876460
- Cited by
- 264
- References
- 42
- FWCI
- 16.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
