Discovery of AMG 232, a Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable MDM2–p53 Inhibitor in Clinical Development
Abstract
We recently reported the discovery of AM-8553 (1), a potent and selective piperidinone inhibitor of the MDM2-p53 interaction. Continued research investigation of the N-alkyl substituent of this series, focused in particular on a previously underutilized interaction in a shallow cleft on the MDM2 surface, led to the discovery of a one-carbon tethered sulfone which gave rise to substantial improvements in biochemical and cellular potency. Further investigation produced AMG 232 (2), which is currently being evaluated in human clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. Compound 2 is an extremely potent MDM2 inhibitor (SPR KD = 0.045 nM, SJSA-1 EdU IC50 = 9.1 nM), with remarkable pharmacokinetic properties and in vivo antitumor activity in the SJSA-1 osteosarcoma xenograft model (ED50 = 9.1 mg/kg).
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AMG-232 is more selective than RG-7112 for p53 wild cells.
“Studies have shown that AMG-232 is more selective than RG-7112 for p53 wild cells.”
From Recent advances in targeting the “undruggable” proteins: from drug discovery to clinical trials (2023) · cites this paper as [387]
In vivo experiments showed that AMG-232 (10, 25, 75 mg kg−1, orally, once a day) activated the p53 pathway, effectively inhibited the growth of xenogeneic tumors in mice, blocked viral DNA synthesis, induced apoptosis, and caused dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition (ED50 = 16 mg kg−1).
“In vivo experiments showed that AMG-232 (10, 25, 75 mg kg−1, orally, once a day) activated the p53 pathway, effectively inhibited the growth of xenogeneic tumors in mice, blocked viral DNA synthesis, induced apoptosis, and caused dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition (ED50 = 16 mg kg−1).385–387”
From Recent advances in targeting the “undruggable” proteins: from drug discovery to clinical trials (2023) · cites this paper as [387]
In vitro experiments demonstrated that AMG-232 induced p53 signal transduction and inhibited tumor cell proliferation in three p53 wild tumor cell lines (SJSA-1, HCT116, and ACHN).
“In vitro experiments demonstrated that AMG-232 induced p53 signal transduction and inhibited tumor cell proliferation in three p53 wild tumor cell lines (SJSA-1, HCT116, and ACHN).”
From Recent advances in targeting the “undruggable” proteins: from drug discovery to clinical trials (2023) · cites this paper as [387]
WB138 increases levels of both p53 and MDM2, consistent with previous reports on MDM2 inhibitors.
“WB138 increases the levels of both p53 and MDM2, which is consistent with the activity of previous reports on MDM2 inhibitors[28,32–36].”
From Development of MDM2 degraders based on ligands derived from Ugi reactions: Lessons and discoveries (2021) · cites this paper as [36]
In the SJSA-1 osteosarcoma model, AMG232 has obvious anti-tumor activity and significantly promotes tumor regression without obvious toxicity or side effects.
“In the SJSA-1 osteosarcoma model, its anti-tumor activity was obvious, and it could significantly promote tumor regression without obvious toxicity or side effects [54, 55].”
From Targeting p53–MDM2 interaction by small-molecule inhibitors: learning from MDM2 inhibitors in clinical trials (2022) · cites this paper as [55]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Sun, D., Li, Z., Rew, Y., Gribble, M., Bartberger, M. D., Beck, H. P., Canon, J., Chen, A., Chen, X., Chow, D., Deignan, J., Duquette, J., Eksterowicz, J., Fisher, B., Fox, B. M., Fu, J., Gonzalez, A. Z., Gonzalez-Lopez De Turiso, F., Houze, J. B., Huang, X., Jiang, M., Jin, L., Kayser, F., Liu, J. (., Lo, M.-C., Long, A. M., Lucas, B., McGee, L. R., McIntosh, J., Mihalic, J., Oliner, J. D., Osgood, T., Peterson, M. L., Roveto, P., Saiki, A. Y., Shaffer, P., Toteva, M., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. C., Wortman, S., Yakowec, P., Yan, X., Ye, Q., Yu, D., Yu, M., Zhao, X., Zhou, J., Zhu, J., Olson, S. H., & Medina, J. C.
- Affiliations
- Amgen (United States) (US)
- Departments of Therapeutic Discovery, ‡Pharmaceutics, and §Pharmacokinetics and Drug Metabolism, Amgen Inc., 1120 Veterans Boulevard, South San Francisco, California, 94080, United States
- Corresponding author
- Sun, Daqing
- ORCID
- Sun, Daqing
- Li, Zhihong
- Rew, Yosup
- Gribble, Michael
- Bartberger, Michael D.
- Beck, Hilary P.
- Canon, Jude
- Chen, Ada
- Chow, David
- Huang, Xin
- Jiang, Min
- Jin, Lixia
- Liu, Jiwen (Jim)
- Lo, Mei-Chu
- Lucas, Brian
- McIntosh, Joel
- Oliner, Jonathan D.
- Osgood, Tao
- Roveto, Philip
- Saiki, Anne Y.
- Shaffer, Paul
- Wang, Yingcai
- Yan, Xuelei
- Ye, Qiuping
- Yu, Dongyin
- Zhao, Xiaoning
- Zhou, Jing
- Olson, Steven H.
- Venue
- Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2014-02-05
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1454-1472
- ISSN
- 0022-2623 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-4804
- OpenAlex
- W2090240238
- Cited by
- 290
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 15
- FWCI
- 11.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer-related Molecular Pathways
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Synthesis and biological activity
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in cancer
- Keywords
- p53-MDM2 interaction, MDM2 inhibitors, piperidinone, sulfones, N-alkyl substituents, oral bioavailability, pharmacokinetics, anticancer activity, osteosarcoma, anticancer drug discovery
- MeSH terms
- Acetates, Administration, Oral, Antineoplastic Agents, Biological Availability, Humans, Piperidones, Protein Conformation, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Crystallography, X-Ray, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2, Drug Discovery
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