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Cited by 1,206

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 38 of the 38 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

How Ionic Are Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids? An Indicator of the Physicochemical Properties

Tokuda, Hiroyuki, Tsuzuki, Seiji, Susan, Md. Abu Bin Hasan, Hayamizu, Kikuko, Watanabe, Masayoshi·2006·The Journal of Physical Chemistry B
DOI 10.1021/jp064159v
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Abstract

Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) are liquids consisting entirely of ions, and their important properties, e.g., negligible vapor pressure, are considered to result from the ionic nature. However, we do not know how ionic the RTILs are. The ionic nature of the RTILs is defined in this study as the molar conductivity ratio (Lambda(imp)/Lambda(NMR)), calculated from the molar conductivity measured by the electrochemical impedance method (Lambda(imp)) and that estimated by use of pulse-field-gradient spin-echo NMR ionic self-diffusion coefficients and the Nernst-Einstein relation (Lambda(NMR)). This ratio is compared with solvatochromic polarity scales: anionic donor ability (Lewis basicity), E(T)(30), hydrogen bond donor acidity (alpha), and dipolarity/polarizability (pi), as well as NMR chemical shifts. The Lambda(imp)/Lambda(NMR) well illustrates the degree of cation-anion aggregation in the RTILs at equilibrium, which can be explained by the effects of anionic donor and cationic acceptor abilities for the RTILs having different anionic and cationic backbone structures with fixed counterparts, and by the inductive and dispersive forces for the various alkyl chain lengths in the cations. As a measure of the electrostatic interaction of the RTILs, the effective ionic concentration (C(eff)), which is a dominant parameter for the electrostatic forces of the RTILs, was introduced as the product of Lambda(imp)/Lambda(NMR) and the molar concentration and was compared with some physical properties, such as reported normal boiling points and distillation rates, glass transition temperature, and viscosity. A decrease in C(eff) of the RTILs is well correlated with the normal boiling point and distillation rate, whereas the liquid-state dynamics is controlled by a subtle balance between the electrostatic and other intermolecular forces.

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Metadata

Authors
Tokuda, H., Tsuzuki, S., Susan, M. A. B. H., Hayamizu, K., & Watanabe, M.
Venue
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Publisher
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published
2006-09-06
Volume
110
Issue
39
Pages
19593-19600
ISSN
  • 1520-5207 (ISSN-L)
  • 1520-6106
DOI
10.1021/jp064159v
OpenAlex
W2062932961
Cited by
1,206
References
38
FWCI
22.42
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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