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Surface Modification of Quartz Inhibits Toxicity, Particle Uptake, and Oxidative DNA Damage in Human Lung Epithelial Cells

Schins, Roel P. F., Duffin, Rodger, Höhr, Doris, Knaapen, Ad M., Shi, Tingming, Weishaupt, Christel, Stone, Vicki, Donaldson, Ken, Borm, Paul J. A.·2002·Chemical Research in Toxicology
DOI 10.1021/tx025558u
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Abstract

Quartz (crystalline silica) is not consistently carcinogenic across different industries where similar quartz exposure occurs. In addition, there are reports that surface modification of quartz affects its cytotoxicity, inflammogenicity, and fibrogenicity. Taken together, these data suggest that the carcinogenicity of quartz is also related to particle surface characteristics, and so we determined the genotoxic effects of DQ12 quartz particles versus DQ12 whose surface was modified by treating with either aluminum lactate or polyvinylpyridine-N-oxide (PVNO). The different particle preparations were characterized for hydroxyl-radical generation using electron spin resonance (ESR). DNA damage was determined by immunocytochemical analysis of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and the alkaline comet-assay using A549 human lung epithelial cells. Cytotoxicity was measured using the LDH- and MTT-assays, and particle uptake by the A549 cells was quantified by light microscopy, using digital light imaging evaluation of 800 nm sections. The ability of quartz to generate hydroxyl-radicals in the presence of hydrogen peroxide was markedly reduced upon surface modification with aluminum lactate or PVNO. DNA strand breakage and 8-OHdG formation, as produced by quartz at nontoxic concentrations, could be completely prevented by both coating materials. Particle uptake into A549 cells appeared to be significantly inhibited by the PVNO-coating, and to a lesser extent by the aluminum-lactate coat…

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Metadata

Authors
Schins, R. P. F., Duffin, R., Höhr, D., Knaapen, A. M., Shi, T., Weishaupt, C., Stone, V., Donaldson, K., & Borm, P. J. A.
Venue
Chemical Research in Toxicology
Publisher
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published
2002-08-24
Volume
15
Issue
9
Pages
1166-1173
ISSN
  • 0893-228X
  • 1520-5010
DOI
10.1021/tx025558u
Cited by
168
References
5
Language
en

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