The DOI matches its Crossref record; 62 of the 62 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Ecological Validity of Delay Aversion and Response Inhibition as Measures of Impulsivity in AD/HD: A Supplement to the NIMH Multimodal Treatment Study of AD/HD
Abstract
Impulsivity is a primary symptom of the combined type of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD). The Stop Signal Paradigm is premised upon a primary deficit in inhibitory control in AD/HD, whereas the Delay Aversion Hypothesis, by contrast, conceptualizes impulsivity in AD/HD, not as an inability to inhibit a response, but rather as a choice to avoid delay. This study compared the ecological validity of the Stop Signal Task (SST) and Choice-Delay Task (C-DT) measure of delay aversion, with respect to their relative utility in discriminating AD/HD children from normal control participants, and their correlations with classroom observations and with ratings of impulsivity and other core AD/HD symptoms on the Conners and SNAP-IV checklists. The tasks exhibited modest discriminant validity when used individually and excellent discriminant validity when used in combination. The C-DT correlated with teacher ratings of impulsivity, hyperactivity, and conduct problems, and with observations of gross motor activity, physical aggression, and an AD/HD composite score. The SST correlated with the observations only. These results suggest that delay aversion is associated with a broad range of AD/HD characteristics whereas inhibitory failure seems to tap a more discrete dimension of executive control.
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“and inhibitory control deficits are detected in 21%–46% of pediatric ADHD cases (Coghill et al., 2014; Nigg et al., 2005; Solanto et al., 2001; Sonuga-Barke et al., 2010).”
From Executive Functioning Heterogeneity in Pediatric ADHD (2019) · cites this paper as Solanto et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“across meta-analyses using traditional neuropsychological executive function tests for children with ADHD, 33%-50% of cases exhibited executive function deficits (30%-37% impaired working memory, 21%-46% impaired inhibitory control).90,144–149”
From Executive function deficits in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder (2024) · cites this paper as [145]
In the citing paper
“Given that different “objective” measures of impulsivity often fail to inter-correlate themselves [229], and there is also neural evidence of dissociation [230], it is likely that impulsivity, like CC and inhibition, is a multi-dimensional construct that includes a family of related but separable processes and underlying neural systems.”
From The role of prefrontal cortex in cognitive control and executive function (2022) · cites this paper as [229]
In the citing paper
“Further, our finding suggests that visuospatial WM impairments are at least as prevalent in children with ADHD-C as other 'key' neuropsychological dysfunctions (prevalence of inhibition, 45-51 %; reaction time variability, 44-48 %; delay aversion, 14-56 % [e.g., 17, 19, 22, 53]),”
From Prevalence and diagnostic validity of motivational impairments and deficits in visuospatial short-term memory and working memory in ADHD subtypes (2015) · cites this paper as [53]
In the citing paper
“In support of this “dual path” model, several experiments (Sonuga-Barke et al., 1996; Solanto et al., 2001) have shown that preferring delayed rewards and inhibiting control are dissociable.”
From Assessment of executive functions in school-aged children: A narrative review (2022) · cites this paper as Solanto et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“and that this deficit is independent of deficits in inhibitory control.”
From Multiple deficits in ADHD: executive dysfunction, delay aversion, reaction time variability, and emotional deficits (2013) · cites this paper as Solanto et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“Several studies (e.g., Dalen, Sonuga-Barke, Hall, & Remington, 2004; Solanto et al., 2001; Sonuga-Barke, Dalen, & Remington, 2003) have found that ADHD is significantly related to delay aversion”
From Multiple deficits in ADHD: executive dysfunction, delay aversion, reaction time variability, and emotional deficits (2013) · cites this paper as Solanto et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“For instance, the classic paper by Solanto et al., (2001) illustrates this most clearly -DAv and inhibitory control deficits were uncorrelated but yet both were associated with ADHD: Four subgroups of children could be identified -DAv and no inhibitory deficits; inhibitory deficits and no DAv; both deficits and neither deficits (see also Thorell, 2007).”
From Context-dependent Dynamic Processes in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Differentiating Common and Unique Effects of State Regulation Deficits and Delay Aversion (2010) · cites this paper as Solanto et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“some children appear to be affected both by DAv and executive dysfunction (Solanto et al., 2001).”
From Context-dependent Dynamic Processes in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Differentiating Common and Unique Effects of State Regulation Deficits and Delay Aversion (2010) · cites this paper as Solanto et al., 2001
Citations
Cites
Delay of gratification in children.
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On the ability to inhibit thought and action: a theory of an act of control
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Self-citationThe Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC): factor structure, reliability, and validity
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SHAFFER, D., FISHER, P., DULCAN, M. K., DAVIES, M., PIACENTINI, J., SCHWAB-STONE, M. E., LAHEY, B. B., BOURDON, K., JENSEN, P. S., BIRD, H. R., et al. (1996) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199607000-00012 · Cited by 1,587
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Logan, G. D., Cowan, W. B., & Davis, K. A. (1984) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance · doi:10.1037/0096-1523.10.2.276 · Cited by 1,542
Self-citationOn the ability to inhibit thought and action: General and special theories of an act of control.
Logan, G. D., Zandt, T. V., Verbruggen, F., & Wagenmakers, E. (2014) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/a0035230 · Cited by 911
Self-citationFraisse, P. (1963) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 825
Oosterlaan, J., Logan, G. D., & Sergeant, J. A. (1998) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1017/s0021963097002072 · Cited by 742
Self-citationBarkley, R. A., Grodzinsky, G., & DuPaul, G. J. (1992) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1007/bf00916547 · Cited by 724 · cited 1×
“Among those that have been used to assess impulsivity in AD/HD children are the Matching Familiar Figures Test (MFFT; Kagan, 1965), Porteus Mazes (Palkes, Stewart, & Kahana, 1968), Continuous Performance Test (Losier, McGrath, & Klein, 1996), Stroop Color-Word Interference Test ( Barkley, Grodzinsky, & DuPaul, 1992 ),…”
MethodBarkley, R. A. (1997) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037//0033-2909.121.1.65 · Cited by 580
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Items 101–104 of 104
Dovis, S., Van der Oord, S., Huizenga, H. M., Wiers, R. W., & Prins, P. J. M. (2015) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-014-0612-1 · Cited by 39
Pinto, J. O., Dores, A. R., Peixoto, B., & Barbosa, F. (2025) · Applied Neuropsychology: Adult · doi:10.1080/23279095.2023.2170800 · Cited by 28
Hiraide, S., Ueno, K.-I., Yamaguchi, T., Matsumoto, M., Yanagawa, Y., Yoshioka, M., & Togashi, H. (2013) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2013.01.009 · Cited by 24
Houghton, S., Durkin, K., Ang, R. P., Taylor, M. F., & Brandtman, M. (2011) · European Journal of Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1027/1015-5759/a000048 · Cited by 14
Metadata
- Authors
- Solanto, M. V., Abikoff, H., Sonuga-Barke, E., Schachar, R., Logan, G. D., Wigal, T., Hechtman, L., Hinshaw, S., & Turkel, E.
- Affiliations
- Long Island Jewish Medical Center (US)
- University of Southampton (GB)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- McGill University (CA)
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Corresponding author
- Solanto, Mary V.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology
- Published
- 2001-06
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 215-228
- ISSN
- 0091-0627 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2835
- OpenAlex
- W1764010569
- Semantic Scholar
- 269252cb7b5ad6da891b2cad3e71ac8f7c24bfb8
- Cited by
- 639
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 53 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 37 · 2013: 37 · 2012: 43
- FWCI
- 7.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, impulsivity, delay aversion, response inhibition, inhibitory control, stop-signal task, ecological validity, discriminant validity, executive function, hyperactivity, conduct problems, classroom observation, teacher ratings, children
- MeSH terms
- Analysis of Variance, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, California, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Female, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Inhibition, Psychological, Male, New York City, Psychological Tests, Quebec, Sensitivity and Specificity, Reproducibility of Results, Comorbidity, Case-Control Studies
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