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A Comparison of the Neuropsychological Profiles of the DSM-IV Subtypes of ADHD
Abstract
Recent research on the DSM-IV subtypes of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has demonstrated that the subtypes differ in demographic characteristics, types of functional impairment, and profiles of comorbidity with other childhood disorders. However, little research has tested whether the subtypes differ in underlying neuropsychological deficits. This study compared the neuropsychological profiles of children without ADHD (n = 82) and children who met symptom criteria for DSM-IV Predominantly Inattentive subtype (ADHD-IA; n = 67), Predominantly Hyperactive Impulsive subtype (ADHD-HI; n = 14), and Combined subtype (ADHD-C; n = 33) in the areas of processing speed, vigilance, and inhibition. We hypothesized that children with elevations of inattention symptoms (ADHD-IA and ADHD-C) would be impaired on measures of vigilance and processing speed, whereas children with significant hyperactivity/impulsivity (ADHD-HI and ADHD-C) would be impaired on measures of inhibition. Contrary to prediction, symptoms of inattention best predicted performance on all dependent measures, and ADHD-IA and ADHD-C children had similar profiles of impairment. In contrast, children with ADHD-HI were not significantly impaired on any dependent measures once subclinical symptoms of inattention were controlled. Our results do not support distinct neuropsychological deficits in ADHD-IA and ADHD-C children, and suggest that symptoms of inattention, rather than symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsiv…
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“In addition, children have also been found to perform more poorly than healthy controls on subtests measuring processing speed (Chhabildas et al. 2001; Shanahan et al. 2006) due to deficits in focused attention (Rucklidge and Tannock 2002), thus achieving lower scores on PSI (Calhoun and Mayes 2005).”
From Measurement Invariance of the WISC-V across a Clinical Sample of Children and Adolescents with ADHD and a Matched Control Group (2024) · cites this paper as Chhabildas et al. 2001
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, prior studies have demonstrated an association between ADHD symptoms and weaknesses in both working memory 15 and processing speed.16”
From WISC-IV-Chinese version index scores in Taiwanese children with ADHD (2013) · cites this paper as [16]
In the citing paper
“research has shown that neuropsychological impairment is mainly related to inattention but not to hyperactivity/impulsivity in children with ADHD”
From Relationships between neuropsychological measures of executive function and behavioral measures of ADHD symptoms and comorbid behavior (2006) · cites this paper as Chhabildas et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“Cognitive and language related disorders and internalizing problems have mainly been associated with inattention symptoms rather than hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms”
From Relationships between neuropsychological measures of executive function and behavioral measures of ADHD symptoms and comorbid behavior (2006) · cites this paper as Chhabildas et al., 2001
In the citing paper
“prior studies have demonstrated an association between ADHD symptoms and weaknesses in both working memory (e.g., Tillman, Eninger, Forssman, & Bohlin, 2011) and processing speed (Chhabildas, Pennington, & Willcutt, 2001).”
From WISC-IV profile in high-functioning autism spectrum disorders: Impaired processing speed is associated with increased autism communication symptoms and decreased adaptive communication abilities (2012) · cites this paper as Chhabildas, Pennington, & Willcutt, 2001
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Metadata
- Authors
- Chhabildas, N., Pennington, B. F., & Willcutt, E. G.
- Affiliations
- University of Denver (US)
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chhabildas, Nomita
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology
- Published
- 2001-12
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 529-540
- ISSN
- 0091-0627 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-2835
- OpenAlex
- W2142256026
- Cited by
- 461
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 6.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1f31mh012017-01, 5p01hd011681-12)
- National Institute of Mental Health (F31 MH12017, F32 MH 12100, F32MH012100, MH 38820, MH 00419)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD 27802, HD11681, P50HD027802)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, combined subtype, neuropsychological deficits, processing speed, sustained attention, inhibition, inattentive symptoms, hyperactivity/impulsivity, children
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results, Comorbidity
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