Is a mild deficit in executive functions in boys related to childhood ADHD or to parental multigenerational alcoholism?

Wiers, Reinout W.; Gunning, W. Boudewijn; Sergeant, Joseph A.

doi:10.1023/a:1022643617017

Cited by 60Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderDevelopmental and Educational NeuropsychologyChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development

Is a mild deficit in executive functions in boys related to childhood ADHD or to parental multigenerational alcoholism?

Wiers, Reinout W., Gunning, W. Boudewijn, Sergeant, Joseph A.·1998·Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology

DOI 10.1023/a:1022643617017

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Abstract

A mild deficit in executive functions has been hypothesized to be associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), with externalizing problem behaviors such as conduct disorder (CD) and with the vulnerability to alcoholism in sons of multi-generational alcoholics (SOMGAs). These three categories overlap, which raises concerns about the specificity of the hypothesized associations. In the present study, measures of executive functions (EFs) were tested in seventy-six 7- to 11-year-old boys: boys with ADHD but without a family history of addiction, SOMGAs, and controls. Specific deficits in EFs were found for boys with ADHD but not for SOMGAs. The association between a deficit in EFs and attention problems remained after controlling for externalizing problem behaviors, but not for the reverse. These results suggest that a mild deficit in EFs is specifically related to ADHD and that the deficits reported in boys with CD and in SOMGAs are due to relatively high attentional problems in these groups or due to other factors such as motivation.

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Wiers et al. found no difference in the number of played doors between children with ADHD without comorbid ODD/CD and NCs on the DOT (Cohen's d = 0.18).
“Wiers et al. [54] found no difference in the number of played doors between children with ADHD (without comorbid ODD/CD) and NCs (Cohen’s d = 0.18).”
From Risky behavior in gambling tasks in individuals with ADHD–a systematic literature review (2013) · cites this paper as [54]
The reviewed studies with mixed ADHD subtype samples included studies examining participants with ADHD-C and ADHD-H (2/15 = 13% of studies with null findings).
“participants with ADHD-C and ADHD-H [52], [54] (2/15 = 13% of studies with null findings)”
From Risky behavior in gambling tasks in individuals with ADHD–a systematic literature review (2013) · cites this paper as [54]
Null findings were reported in 4/15 (27%) of studies with null findings in which participants were MPH-naïve.
“MPH-naïve patients: 4/15 = 27% of studies with null findings [54], [60], [66], [68]”
From Risky behavior in gambling tasks in individuals with ADHD–a systematic literature review (2013) · cites this paper as [54]
Twelve studies used fictive rewards or did not explicitly mention that they used real rewards.
“The other twelve studies used fictive rewards (such as points or fictive money), or did not explicitly mentioned that they used real rewards [48], [51], [54], [57], [58], [60], [62]–[64], [66], [67]”
From Risky behavior in gambling tasks in individuals with ADHD–a systematic literature review (2013) · cites this paper as [54]

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Authors: Wiers, R. W., Gunning, W. B., & Sergeant, J. A.
Affiliations: Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
University of Amsterdam (NL)
ORCID: Wiers, Reinout W.
Sergeant, Joseph A.
Venue: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 1998-12
Volume: 26
Issue: 6
Pages: 415-430
ISSN: 0091-0627 (ISSN-L)
1573-2835
DOI: 10.1023/a:1022643617017
OpenAlex: W2098142191
Cited by: 60
References: 103
Citations by year: 2022: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 0.75
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (vor)
Locations: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (publishedVersion)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Keywords: executive function, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, parental alcoholism, conduct disorder, externalizing problems, attention deficits, motivation, boys, family history of addiction
MeSH terms: Alcoholism, Attention, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Humans, Impulsive Behavior, Internal-External Control, Male, Motivation, Psychomotor Disorders, Child of Impaired Parents, Risk Assessment, Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders

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Is a mild deficit in executive functions in boys related to childhood ADHD or to parental multigenerational alcoholism?

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