Cited by 275Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchTraumatic Brain Injury ResearchMigration, Health and Trauma

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 32 of the 32 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Risk factors for the development versus maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder

Schnurr, Paula P., Lunney, Carole A., Sengupta, Anjana·2004·Journal of Traumatic Stress

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

This study examined risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Vietnam veterans: 68 women and 414 men of whom 88 were White, 63 Black, 80 Hispanic, 90 Native Hawaiian, and 93 Japanese American. Continuation ratio logistic regression was used to compare the predictive power of risk factors for the development versus maintenance of full or partial PTSD. The development of PTSD was related to premilitary, military, and postmilitary factors. The maintenance of PTSD was related primarily to military and postmilitary factors. Multivariate analyses identified different models for development and maintenance. We conclude that development of PTSD is related to factors that occur before, during, and after a traumatic event, whereas failure to recover is related primarily to factors that occur during and after the event.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1023/b:jots.0000022614.21794.f4

Cites

32 of 32 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Applied logistic regression
(1990) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.27-3338 · Cited by 35,305
Applied Logistic Regression
Hosmer, D. W., & Lemeshow, S. (2000) · doi:10.1002/0471722146 · Cited by 20,302
Conservation of resources: A new attempt at conceptualizing stress
Hobfoll, S. E. (1989) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.44.3.513 · Cited by 18,187
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey
Kessler, R. C. (1995) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1995.03950240066012 · Cited by 10,379
A cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder
Ehlers, A., & Clark, D. M. (2000) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(99)00123-0 · Cited by 6,147
Meta-analysis of risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed adults
Brewin, C. R., Andrews, B., & Valentine, J. D. (2000) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.68.5.748 · Cited by 5,243
Traumatic Events and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in an Urban Population of Young Adults
Breslau, N. (1991) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1991.01810270028003 · Cited by 2,544
Prevalence of civilian trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in a representative national sample of women.
Resnick, H. S., Kilpatrick, D. G., Dansky, B. S., Saunders, B. E., & Best, C. L. (1993) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.61.6.984 · Cited by 1,868
Prevalence of civilian trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in a representative national sample of women.
Resnick, H. S., Kilpatrick, D. G., Dansky, B. S., Saunders, B. E., & al, E. (1993) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.61.6.984 · Cited by 1,868
Trauma and the Vietnam War generation: report of findings from the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study
(1990) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.27-6366 · Cited by 1,627

Show all 31 references

Research works printed but not linked: 6

10.1002/jts.2490100205 · DOI
Friedman M. J., 1997, Matsunaga Vietnam Veterans Project
10.1037/0022-006X.64.3.520 · DOI
10.1037/0021-843X.108.1.164 · DOI
Schnurr P. P., 1999, Risk factors for PTSD, 191
Spitzer R. L., 1989, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐III‐R

Sorted by citations

Items 101–200 of 269

Using a Bug-Killing Paradigm to Understand How Social Validation and Invalidation Affect the Distress of Killing
Webber, D., Schimel, J., Martens, A., Hayes, J., & Faucher, E. H. (2013) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167213477891 · Cited by 31
Social Support and Mental Health Outcomes Among U.S. Army Special Operations Personnel
Russell, D. W., Benedek, D. M., Naifeh, J. A., Fullerton, C. S., Benevides, N., Ursano, R. J., Russell, C. A., Forsten, R. D., & Cacciopo, J. T. (2016) · Military Psychology · doi:10.1037/mil0000114 · Cited by 34
Associations of Stress Exposures and Social Support With Long-Term Mental Health Outcomes Among U.S. Iraq War Veterans
Ciarleglio, M. M., Aslan, M., Proctor, S. P., Concato, J., Ko, J., Kaiser, A. P., & Vasterling, J. J. (2018) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2018.01.002 · Cited by 33
Impact of earthquake exposure, family adversity and peer problems on anxiety-related emotional disorders in adolescent survivors three years after the Ya'an earthquake
Tang, W., Xu, D., & Xu, J. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.04.044 · Cited by 32
The contribution of stressful life events throughout the life cycle to combat‐induced psychopathology
Solomon, Z., Zur‐Noah, S., Horesh, D., Zerach, G., & Keinan, G. (2008) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.20340 · Cited by 32
Symptoms of Acute Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Patients With Acute Hand Injuries
Opsteegh, L., Reinders‐Messelink, H. A., Groothoff, J. W., Postema, K., Dijkstra, P. U., & van der Sluis, C. K. (2010) · The Journal Of Hand Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2010.03.024 · Cited by 32
Sense of coherence moderates late effects of early childhood Holocaust exposure
van der Hal, E., van IJzendoorn, M. H., & Bakermans‐Kranenburg, M. J. (2008) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20528 · Cited by 30
Racial Differences in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Military Personnel: Intergenerational Transmission of Trauma as a Theoretical Lens
Coleman, J. A. (2016) · Journal of Aggression Maltreatment & Trauma · doi:10.1080/10926771.2016.1157842 · Cited by 30
Long-Term Follow-Up (32 Years) of PTSD in Israeli Yom Kippur War Veterans
Schlosberg, A., & Strous, R. D. (2005) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/01.nmd.0000180744.97263.d3 · Cited by 30
Cognitive-behavioral therapy for late-life anxiety: Similarities and differences between Veteran and community participants
Barrera, T. L., Cully, J. A., Amspoker, A. B., Wilson, N. L., Kraus-Schuman, C., Wagener, P. D., Calleo, J. S., Teng, E. J., Rhoades, H. M., Masozera, N., et al. (2015) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.04.005 · Cited by 28
Psychological Adjustment of Aging Vietnam Veterans: The Role of Social Network Ties in Reengaging with Wartime Memories
Marini, C. M., Fiori, K. L., Wilmoth, J. M., Kaiser, A. P., & Martire, L. M. (2019) · Gerontology · doi:10.1159/000502340 · Cited by 28
Longitudinal Correlates of Aggressive Behavior in Help‐Seeking U.S. Veterans With PTSD
Shin, H. J., Rosen, C. S., Greenbaum, M. A., & Jain, S. (2012) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.21761 · Cited by 28
Deployment Cycle Stressors and Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Army National Guard Women: The Mediating Effect of Resilience
Wooten, N. R. (2012) · Social Work in Health Care · doi:10.1080/00981389.2012.692353 · Cited by 27
Prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Iranian Population Following Disasters and Wars: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Sepahvand, H., Hashtjini, M. M., Salesi, M., Sahraei, H., & Jahromi, G. P. (2019) · Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.5812/ijpbs.66124 · Cited by 27
Risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in persons with spinal cord injury
Otis, C., Marchand, A., & Courtois, F. (2012) · Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation · doi:10.1310/sci1803-253 · Cited by 26
Impact of depression and childhood trauma in mothers receiving home visitation
Ammerman, R. T., Shenk, C. E., Teeters, A. R., Noll, J. G., Putnam, F. W., & Van Ginkel, J. B. (2012) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-011-9513-9 · Cited by 25
Predicting Risk Factors for Intimate Partner Violence Among Post-9/11 College Student Veterans
Klaw, E., Demers, A. L., & Silva, N. D. (2014) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260514556102 · Cited by 25
Accounting for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Severity With Pre- and Posttrauma Measures
Ogle, C. M., Rubin, D. C., & Siegler, I. C. (2015) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702615583227 · Cited by 25
Lifetime histories of PTSD, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts in a nationally representative sample of adolescents: Examining indirect effects via the roles of family and peer social support.
Rojas, S., Bilsky, S. A., Dutton, C., Badour, C. L., Feldner, M., & Leen-Feldner, E. W. (2017) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2017.04.006 · Cited by 23
Do the Lessons From Micro-Conflict Literature Transfer to High Crime Areas?: Examining Mexico’s War on Drugs
Nasir, M., Rockmore, M., & Tan, C. M. (2017) · The Journal of Development Studies · doi:10.1080/00220388.2017.1400016 · Cited by 25
Role of social context in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Vogt, D. S., Erbes, C. R., & Polusny, M. A. (2017) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.01.006 · Cited by 31
Agricultural cycle and the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder: A longitudinal community study in postwar Mozambique
Igreja, V., Kleijn, W. C., Dias‐Lambranca, B., Hershey, D. A., Calero‐Medina, C., & Richters, A. (2009) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.20412 · Cited by 22
Understanding PTSD: Implications for Court
Young, G. C., & Yehuda, R. (2006) · Kluwer Academic Publishers eBooks · doi:10.1007/0-387-25610-5_3 · Cited by 22
Commemoration of disruptive events: a scoping review about posttraumatic stress reactions and related factors
Mitima-Verloop, H. B., Boelen, P. A., & Mooren, T. T. M. (2020) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008198.2019.1701226 · Cited by 22
Mechanisms of Developing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: New Targets for Drug Development and Other Potential Interventions
Wimalawansa, S. J. (2014) · CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/1871527313666140711091026 · Cited by 21
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Primer for Trauma Surgeons
Roberts, J. C., deRoon‐Cassini, T. A., & Brasel, K. J. (2010) · The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care · doi:10.1097/ta.0b013e3181e16e2a · Cited by 21
Predicting symptom clusters of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Croatian war veterans: the role of socio-demographics, war experiences and subjective quality of life.
Lončar, M., Plašć, I. D., Bunjevac, T., Hrabač, P., Jakšić, N., Kozina, S., Henigsberg, N., Šagud, M., & Marčinko, D. (2014) · PubMed · Cited by 21
Differences and similarities in posttraumatic stress between economic migrants and forced migrants: Acculturation and mental health within a Turkish and a Kurdish sample
Knipscheer, J. W., Drogendijk, A. N., Gülsen, C. H., & Kleber, R. J. (2009) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · Cited by 21
The association of detachment with affective disorder symptoms during the COVID-19 lockdown: The role of living situation and social support
Domènech‐Abella, J., Gabarrell‐Pascuet, A., Faris, L. H., Cristóbal-Narváez, P., Félez-Nóbrega, M., Mortier, P., Vilagut, G., Olaya, B., Alonso, J., & Haro, J. M. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.125 · Cited by 21
Secondary Traumatization in Vietnam Veterans’ Families
Yager, T. J., Gerszberg, N., & Dohrenwend, B. P. (2016) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.22115 · Cited by 20
Heterogeneity of posttraumatic stress symptomatology and social connectedness in treatment-seeking military veterans: a longitudinal examination
Sippel, L. M., Watkins, L. E., Pietrzak, R. H., Hoff, R. A., & Harpaz‐Rotem, I. (2019) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008198.2019.1646091 · Cited by 22
Risk Factors for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Haitian Students
Silvestre, G., Anacréon, P., Théodore, M., Silvestre, E., & Garcia-Dubus, E. (2014) · Psychology · doi:10.4236/psych.2014.58096 · Cited by 20
Women in combat: The effects of combat exposure and gender on the incidence and persistence of posttraumatic stress disorder diagnosis
Kelber, M. S., Liu, X., O'Gallagher, K. G., Stewart, L. T., Belsher, B. E., Morgan, M. A., Workman, D. E., Skopp, N. A., McGraw, K., & Evatt, D. P. (2020) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.12.010 · Cited by 19
Translational reciprocity: Bridging the gap between preclinical studies and clinical treatment of stress effects on the adolescent brain
Neigh, G. N., Ritschel, L. A., Kilpela, L. S., Harrell, C. S., & Bourke, C. H. (2012) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.09.075 · Cited by 18
Correlates of Duration of Intimate Partner Violence Among Women Seeking Services at a Domestic Violence Support Center
Triantafyllou, D., Wang, C., & North, C. S. (2016) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260516647522 · Cited by 18
Change in social support while participating in behavioral activation for PTSD.
Campbell, S. B., Fortney, J. C., Simpson, T. L., Jakupcak, M., & Wagner, A. W. (2019) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/tra0000470 · Cited by 17
Post traumatic stress disorder in incarcerated populations: current clinical considerations and recommendations
Allely, C. S., & Allely, B. (2020) · Journal of Criminal Psychology · doi:10.1108/jcp-09-2019-0044 · Cited by 17
Dangers on the road: A longitudinal examination of passenger‐initiated violence against bus drivers
Zhou, B., Boyer, R., & Guay, S. (2017) · Stress and Health · doi:10.1002/smi.2779 · Cited by 17
Latino Veterans with PTSD: A Systematic Review
Pittman, J. O. E. (2014) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs4030320 · Cited by 17
Executive functioning deficits exacerbate posttraumatic stress symptoms: A longitudinal mediation model
Bardeen, J. R., Gorday, J. Y., & Weathers, F. W. (2022) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2022.102556 · Cited by 19
Complex post-traumatic stress disorder: a useful diagnostic framework?
Busuttil, W. (2009) · Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.mppsy.2009.04.014 · Cited by 16
Deployment Stressors : A Review of the Literature and Implications for Members of the Canadian Armed Forces
Watkins, K. (2014) · Cited by 16
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Neighborhood Residency and Satisfaction, and Social Network Characteristics among Underserved Women in Baltimore, Maryland
Jain, K. M., Davey-Rothwell, M. A., Crossnohere, N. L., & Latkin, C. A. (2018) · Women s Health Issues · doi:10.1016/j.whi.2018.02.004 · Cited by 15
Neurocognitive mechanisms of poor social connection in posttraumatic stress disorder: Evidence for abnormalities in social working memory
Sippel, L. M., Holtzheimer, P. E., Huckins, J. F., Collier, E., Feilong, M., Wheatley, T. P., & Meyer, M. L. (2021) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.23139 · Cited by 15
Concordance between clinician-assessed and self-reported symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder across three ethnoracial groups.
Macdonald, A., Greene, C. J., Torres, J. G., Frueh, B. C., & Morland, L. A. (2012) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/a0027313 · Cited by 15
Development and Initial Validation of a Statistical Prediction Instrument for Assessing Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Marx, B. P., Humphreys, K. L., Weathers, F. W., Martin, E. K., Sloan, D. M., Grove, W. M., Kaloupek, D. G., & Keane, T. M. (2008) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0b013e318181326d · Cited by 14
Does prior psychological health influence recall of military experiences? a prospective study
Wilson, J., Jones, M., Hull, L., Hotopf, M. H., Wessely, S. C., & Rona, R. J. (2008) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.20352 · Cited by 14
Positive psychology: social connectivity and its role within mental health nursing
Macfarlane, J. (2020) · British Journal of Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.12968/bjmh.2020.0007 · Cited by 15
Social Conflict Versus Social Support: What is More Influential in Mental Health Symptom Severity for Female Service Members?
Nayback-Beebe, A. M., & Yoder, L. H. (2011) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2011.02.005 · Cited by 14
Social Network Effects on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Female North Korean Immigrants
Lee, B., & Youm, Y. (2011) · Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health · doi:10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.5.191 · Cited by 14
Sound of sirens, echoes of trauma: unpacking socioeconomic vulnerabilities in the Israel-Hamas conflict
Bayer, Y. M. (2024) · Israel Affairs · doi:10.1080/13537121.2024.2342136 · Cited by 13
Domains of quality of life and social support across the trauma spectrum
Monson, E., Brunet, A., & Caron, J. (2015) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-015-1029-y · Cited by 13
Causes and Risk Factors for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: The Importance of Right Diagnosis and Treatment
Wimalawansa, S. J. (2013) · Asian Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.3126/ajms.v5i2.8537 · Cited by 17
Posttraumatic Stress: A Concept Analysis
Nayback-Beebe, A. M. (2009) · Archives of Psychiatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apnu.2008.06.001 · Cited by 13
The role of negative cognitions in co‐occurring posttraumatic stress disorder and depression: Examination of interpersonal and noninterpersonal trauma survivors
Majeed, R., Lipinski, A. J., Free, B. L., Lewin, R. K., & Beck, J. G. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.23056 · Cited by 13
The differential impact of risk factors on illicit drug involvement in females
Arpana Agrawal, A., Gardner, C. O., Prescott, C. A., & Kendler, K. S. (2005) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-005-0907-0 · Cited by 14
The USS Cole Bombing: Analysis of Pre-Existing Factors as Predictors for Development of Post-Traumatic Stress or Depressive Disorders
Nasky, K. M., Hines, N. N., & Simmer, E. (2009) · Military Medicine · doi:10.7205/milmed-d-04-3608 · Cited by 15
Probable posttraumatic stress disorder in a sample of urban jail detainees
Ruzich, D., Reichert, J., & Lurigio, A. J. (2014) · International Journal of Law and Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ijlp.2014.02.018 · Cited by 12
Using the MMPI to Assess Reported Cognitive Disturbances and Somatization as a Core Feature of Complex PTSD
Reinhard, M. J., Wolf, G. K., & Cozolino, L. (2010) · Journal of Trauma & Dissociation · doi:10.1080/15299730903318475 · Cited by 12
Can Demographic and Exposure Characteristics Predict Levels of Social Support in Survivors from a Natural Disaster?
Arnberg, F. K., & Melin, L. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0065709 · Cited by 12
The Course and Correlates of Combat‐Related PTSD in Australian Vietnam Veterans in the Three Decades After the War
O’Toole, B. I., & Catts, S. V. (2017) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.22160 · Cited by 12
What doesn’t kill you makes you feel older: lifespan adversity and its association with subjective age among former prisoners of war
Bachem, R., Stein, J. Y., Levin, Y., & Solomon, Z. (2019) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008198.2019.1583522 · Cited by 12
Anthropological Discourses on the Globalization of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Post-Conflict Societies
Moghimi, Y. (2012) · Journal of Psychiatric Practice · doi:10.1097/01.pra.0000410985.53970.3b · Cited by 12
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and the Earnings of Military Reservists
Loughran, D. S., & Heaton, P. (2013) · Rand health quarterly · doi:10.7249/rhq-03-03-03 · Cited by 12
Psychological Injury and Law: An Integrative Model
Young, G. C. (2008) · Psychological Injury and Law · doi:10.1007/s12207-008-9019-y · Cited by 12
PTSD in the armed forces: What have we learned from the recent cohort studies of Iraq/Afghanistan?
Goodwin, L., & Rona, R. J. (2013) · Journal of Mental Health · doi:10.3109/09638237.2013.819422 · Cited by 15
Stressful Life Events Across the Life Span and Insecure Attachment Following Combat Trauma
Horesh, D., Cohen-Zrihen, A., Ein‐Dor, T., & Solomon, Z. (2014) · Clinical Social Work Journal · doi:10.1007/s10615-014-0477-2 · Cited by 11
Which Language Does PTSD Speak? The “Westernization” of Mr. Sánchez
Joyce, P. A., & Berger, R. (2007) · Journal of Trauma Practice · doi:10.1300/j189v05n04_03 · Cited by 11
Every Crisis Is an Opportunity
Friedman, M. J. (2005) · CNS Spectrums · doi:10.1017/s1092852900019428 · Cited by 11
Prevalence and factors associated with post traumatic stress disorder among field police patrol officers serving in Kampala Metropolitan region
Isabirye, R. A., Namuli, J. D., & Kinyanda, E. (2022) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-022-04317-z · Cited by 10
LSD experiments by the United States Army
Ross, C. A. (2017) · History of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0957154x17717678 · Cited by 10
Community-Based Resilience: The Influence of Collective Efficacy and Positive Deviance on Climate Change-Related Mental Health
Cosentino, M., Gal-Oz, R., & Safer, D. L. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-54790-4_15 · Cited by 12
Psychological and Biological Theories of Child and Adolescent Traumatic Stress Disorders
Ford, J. D., & Greene, C. A. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-46138-0_5 · Cited by 11
Risk factors for the presence and persistence of posttraumatic stress symptoms following traumatic brain injury in U.S. service members and veterans
Lange, R. T., French, L. M., Lippa, S. M., Baschenis, S. M., Gillow, K. C., Glazer, M. E., Rogers, A. A., Cristaudo, K. E., Bailie, J. M., Hungerford, L. D., et al. (2022) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.22892 · Cited by 9
Trauma in military and civilian settings
Ben-Ya'acov, Y., Amir, M., Sharhabani-Arzy, R., & Kotler, M. (2005) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.437 · Cited by 9
Association between perceptions of military service and mental health problems in a nationally representative sample of United States military veterans.
Campbell, A. A., Wisco, B. E., Marx, B. P., & Pietrzak, R. H. (2017) · Psychological Trauma Theory Research Practice and Policy · doi:10.1037/tra0000337 · Cited by 9
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Danish Soldiers 2.5 Years after Military Deployment in Afghanistan: The Role of Personality Traits as Predisposing Risk Factors
Nielsen, J. H., Andersen, S. B., & Høgh, A. (2015) · Journal of European Psychology Students · doi:10.5334/jeps.cp · Cited by 8
Peritraumatic distress fully mediates the relationship between posttraumatic stress symptoms preoperative and three months postoperative in patients undergoing spine surgery
Shiban, E., Lehmberg, J., Hoffmann, U., Thiel, J., Probst, T., Friedl, M., Mühlberger, A., Meyer, B., & Shiban, Y. (2018) · European Journal of Psychotraumatology · doi:10.1080/20008198.2018.1423824 · Cited by 8
The Relationship Between Military Service Eras and Psychosocial Treatment Needs Among Homeless Veterans With a Co-Occurring Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorder
Kline, A., Callahan, L., Butler, M. J., Hill, L. S., LOSONCZY, M. F., & Smelson, D. A. (2009) · Journal of Dual Diagnosis · doi:10.1080/15504260903175882 · Cited by 8
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: An Under-Diagnosed and Under-Treated Entity
Wimalawansa, S. S. (2013) · Cited by 8
Culture as a Double-Edged Sword: The Posttraumatic Experience of Indigenous Ethnic Minority Veterans
Shorer, S., Goldblatt, H., Caspi, Y., & Azaiza, F. (2018) · Qualitative Health Research · doi:10.1177/1049732318756041 · Cited by 8
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and General Stress Studies
Rosen, G. M., Frueh, B. C., Elhai, J. D., Grubaugh, A. L., & Ford, J. D. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118269961.ch1 · Cited by 8
Resiliency and Posttraumatic Growth Following Sexual Trauma in Women Veterans of Iraq and Afghan Wars
McKenzie, V., Anderson, E. H., Maydon, A., & Shivakumar, G. (2021) · Journal of Veterans Studies · doi:10.21061/jvs.v7i2.269 · Cited by 7
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder – An Overview
Narayan, A. (2012) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/26012 · Cited by 7
Development of Exposure to Combat Severity Scale of the Combat Experiences Questionnaire (CEQ)
Carvalho, T., Pinto‐Gouveia, J., Cunha, M. I. V. A., & da Motta, C. (2014) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.09.024 · Cited by 7
Culture and PTSD
Pedersen, D., & Kienzler, H. (2015) · Cited by 7
Are Male Disaster Workers With Vietnam Military Service at Greater Risk for PTSD Than Peers Without Combat History?
Jayasinghe, N., Jedel, S., Leck, P., Difede, J., Klausner, E. J., & Spielman, L. A. (2006) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/01.nmd.0000244831.73276.6c · Cited by 7
Foster parents exposed to political violence: The role of social support in addressing emotional and functional difficulties
Gilbar, O., Benbenishty, R., Schiff, M., & Dekel, R. (2017) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.12.026 · Cited by 6
Clinical, environmental, and molecular factors associated to the occurrence and persistence of posttraumatic stress disorder after an earthquake
Martínez-Levy, G. A., Bermúdez-Gómez, J., Flores-Torres, R. P., Merlín-García, I., Nani, A., Cruz-Fuentes, C. S., & Briones-Velasco, M. (2022) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.07.041 · Cited by 6
Experiential avoidance, uncompassionate self‐responding, and peritraumatic depersonalization/derealization: A novel mediation model for war‐related PTSD symptomatology
Carvalho, T., Pinto‐Gouveia, J., Cunha, M. I. V. A., & da Motta, C. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.23303 · Cited by 7
Quality of life in elderly Portuguese war veterans with post-traumatic stress symptoms
Pereira, M. G., Machado, J. C., Pereira, M., Lopes, C., & Pedras, S. (2019) · Patient Related Outcome Measures · doi:10.2147/prom.s163698 · Cited by 6
Killing in Combat as a Potentially Morally Injurious Event: The Diverging Psychological Impact of Killing on Peacekeepers and Combat-Oriented Troops
Nordstrand, A. E., Noll, L. K., Huffman, A. H., Gjerstad, C. L., Tveitstul, T., Reichelt, J. G., Bakker, L., Kennair, L. E. O., Kristoffersen, R. H., Bøe, H. J., et al. (2025) · Armed Forces & Society · doi:10.1177/0095327x251321389 · Cited by 6
The impact of negative attributions on the link between observed partner social support and posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity
Leifker, F. R., & Marshall, A. D. (2019) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2019.05.002 · Cited by 5
Évaluation à long terme de l’impact psychologique et social des affaissements miniers d’Auboué sur les sinistrés ou populations déplacées
Dodeler, V., & Tarquinio, C. (2008) · Pratiques Psychologiques · doi:10.1016/j.prps.2007.12.011 · Cited by 5
The Psychological Consequences of the London Bombings
Greenberg, N. L., Rubin, G. J., & Wessely, S. C. (2009) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511730030.032 · Cited by 4
A Study of the Association between Retrospective Appraisal of Childhood Reactivity and Post-Discharge Traumatic Stress in Combat Veterans
Ginsberg, J. P., Ayres, E. D., Burriss, L., & Powell, D. (2006) · Traumatology An International Journal · doi:10.1177/153476560601200105 · Cited by 4
A Predictive Research on the Posttraumatic Improvement of Emergency Health Employees
Avşarolu, S. (2019) · International Education Studies · doi:10.5539/ies.v12n6p94 · Cited by 4
The Association Between Traditional Masculinity Ideology and Predictors of Military to Civilian Transition Among Veteran Men
O’Loughlin, J. I., Cox, D. W., Ogrodniczuk, J. S., & Castro, C. A. (2020) · The Journal of Men s Studies · doi:10.1177/1060826520911658 · Cited by 4
TheExxon ValdezOil Spill
Palinkas, L. A. (2009) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511730030.027 · Cited by 4
Program of psychological rehabilitation of the National Guard of Ukraine military personnel participated in combat actions
Prykhodko, I. (2018) · International Journal of Science Annals · doi:10.26697/ijsa.2018.1-2.05 · Cited by 4

Authors: Schnurr, P. P., Lunney, C. A., & Sengupta, A.
Affiliations: Dartmouth College (US)
White River Junction VA Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author: Schnurr, Paula P.
ORCID: Schnurr, Paula P.
Lunney, Carole A.
Venue: Journal of Traumatic Stress
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2004-04
Volume: 17
Issue: 2
Pages: 85-95
ISSN: 0894-9867 (ISSN-L)
1573-6598
DOI: 10.1023/b:jots.0000022614.21794.f4
OpenAlex: W2008845537
Cited by: 275
References: 31
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 26
FWCI: 11.98
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 455 d)
Locations: Journal of Traumatic Stress (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder, risk factors, Vietnam War veterans, military trauma, racial and ethnic differences, trauma recovery
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Chronic Disease, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, United States, Veterans, Vietnam, Warfare, Multivariate Analysis, Logistic Models, Case-Control Studies

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Risk factors for the development versus maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks