Cited by 390Behavioral Health and InterventionsNutrition, Health and Food BehaviorMotivation and Self-Concept in Sports

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Why Do You Regulate What You Eat? Relationships Between Forms of Regulation, Eating Behaviors, Sustained Dietary Behavior Change, and Psychological Adjustment

Pelletier, Luc G., Dion, Stéphanie C., Slovinec-D'Angelo, Monika, Reid, Robert·2004·Motivation and Emotion

DOI 10.1023/b:moem.0000040154.40922.14

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Background
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Background
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BackgroundMethodResultInfluential
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BackgroundMethod
Psychological and neural contributions to appetite self‐regulation
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“); or, worse, because others pressure them to pursue it (104).”
Background
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Method
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“Self-determination of healthy eating was measured with three scales of the German version of the Regulation of Eating Behaviour Scale (REBS) [56].”
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The protective role of general self-determination against ‘thin ideal’ media exposure on women’s body image and eating-related concerns
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“Responses were rated from 1 (not at all concerned) to 7 (very concerned) (Pelletier et al., 2004b).”
BackgroundResultInfluential
Self-Determined, Autonomous Regulation of Eating Behavior Is Related to Lower Body Mass Index in a Nationwide Survey of Middle-Aged Women
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The use of a mental imagery intervention to enhance integrated regulation for exercise among women commencing an exercise program
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“Despite the exclusion of integrated regulation in a great deal of the exercise motivation literature, there is evidence that integration is an important type of motivation for athletes (Mallet and Hanrahan 2004) and is linked to health behaviors such as healthy nutrition (Pelletier et al. 2004).”
Background
Motivational and neural correlates of self-control of eating: A combined neuroimaging and experience sampling study in dieting female college students
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The double-edged sword of rewards for participation in psychology experiments.
Sharp, E. C., Pelletier, L. G., & Lévesque, C. (2006) · Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement · doi:10.1037/cjbs2006014 · Cited by 56
Self-citation
The validation of the Healthy and Unhealthy Eating Behavior Scale (HUEBS): Examining the interplay between stages of change and motivation and their association with healthy and unhealthy eating behaviors and physical health
Guertin, C., Pelletier, L. G., & Pope, P. (2019) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2019.104487 · Cited by 55
Self-citation
How Does the Level of Physical Activity Influence Eating Behavior? A Self-Determination Theory Approach
Fernandes, V., Rodrigues, F. F., Jacinto, M., Teixeira, D., Cid, L., Antunes, R., Matos, R. M. N., Reigal, R. E., Hernández-Mendo, A., Morales‐Sánchez, V., et al. (2023) · Life · doi:10.3390/life13020298 · Cited by 64
“The Regulation of Eating Behavior Scale Portuguese version [22] was used to assess the eating behavior motivational regulation [23].”
Method
Family Health Climate and Adolescents’ Physical Activity and Healthy Eating: A Cross-Sectional Study with Mother-Father-Adolescent Triads
Niermann, C. Y. N., Kremers, S., Renner, B., & Wöll, A. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0143599 · Cited by 51
“Both scales (BREQ-2, REBS) were translated and back-translated by a native speaker with excellent German skills and four German researchers with excellent English skills.”
Method
Clinical outcome and cost-effectiveness of a 1-year nutritional intervention programme in COPD patients with low muscle mass: The randomized controlled NUTRAIN trial
van Beers, M., Mölken, M. R., van de Bool, C., Boland, M. R. S., Kremers, S., Franssen, F. M. E., van Helvoort, A., Gosker, H. R., Wouters, E. F. �., & Schols, A. M. W. J. (2019) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2019.03.001 · Cited by 51
“Scores on the REBS range from 0 (lowest possible motivation) to 10 (highest possible motivation).”
Method
The association between motivation and fruit and vegetable intake: The moderating role of social support
McSpadden, K. E., Patrick, H., Oh, A., Yaroch, A. L., Dwyer, L. A., & Nebeling, L. C. (2015) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2015.08.031 · Cited by 60
The contribution of lifestyle coaching of overweight patients in primary care to more autonomous motivation for physical activity and healthy dietary behaviour: results of a longitudinal study
Rutten, G. M., Meis, J. J. M., Hendriks, M. R., Hamers, F. J. M., Veenhof, C., & Kremers, S. (2014) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-014-0086-z · Cited by 57
“Aspects of motivation were assessed with the Behavioural Regulation and Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-2) and the Regulation of Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (REBS).”
MethodInfluential
A Model for Exercise Behavior Change Regulation in Patients with Heart Disease
D’Angelo, M. S., Reid, R. D., & Pelletier, L. G. (2007) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.29.2.208 · Cited by 50
Self-citation
The impact of an innovative web-based school nutrition intervention to increase fruits and vegetables and milk and alternatives in adolescents: a clustered randomized trial
Chamberland, K., Sánchez, M., Panahi, S., Provencher, V., Gagnon, J., & Drapeau, V. (2017) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0595-7 · Cited by 47
“Development of autonomy fostered by the Team Nutriathlon is one important element of the self-determination theory [30] and has been associated with the adoption of healthy eating behaviors [31].”
Background
Maintenance of a gluten free diet in coeliac disease: the roles of self-regulation, habit, psychological resources, motivation, support, and goal priority.
Sainsbury, K., Halmos, E. P., Knowles, S., Mullan, B., & Tye-Din, J. A. (2018) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2018.02.023 · Cited by 46
The development of a scale measuring integrated regulation in exercise
McLachlan, S., Spray, C. M., & Hagger, M. S. (2010) · British Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1348/2044-8287.002009 · Cited by 51
A-priori and post-hoc segmentation in the design of healthy eating campaigns
Kazbare, L., van Trijp, J. C. M., & Eskildsen, J. (2010) · Journal of Marketing Communications · doi:10.1080/13527260903342712 · Cited by 46
“Having in mind that ‘food is one of the primary sources of pleasure to humans’ (Rozin 1990, 555), it is not surprising that changing eating habits is a difficult task, because ‘it demands much self-control in resisting temptation and delaying gratification’ (Pelletier et al. 2004, 264).”
Background
The Coaching on Lifestyle (CooL) Intervention for Overweight and Obesity: A Longitudinal Study into Participants’ Lifestyle Changes
van Rinsum, C. E., Gerards, S. M. P. L., Rutten, G. M., Philippens, N., Janssen, E., Winkens, B., van de Goor, I., & Kremers, S. (2018) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph15040680 · Cited by 51
“Construct Scale Items Answering Options Cronbach’s Alpha Personal factors Demographics - 9 Divers - Psychological needs Psychological Need Satisfaction in Exercise scale (PNSE) [54] 18 Totally disagree/totally agree 1 Autonomy 6 0.9 Competence 6 0.9 Relatedness 6 0.9 Motivation Quality of motivation for physical activ…”
BackgroundInfluential
Intuitive eating mediates the relationship between self-regulation and BMI - Results from a cross-sectional study in a community sample
Gisch, U. A., & Warschburger, P. (2019) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.02.004 · Cited by 54
Relationship of social cognitive theory concepts to mothers' dietary intake and BMI
Byrd‐Bredbenner, C., Abbot, J. M., & CUSSLER, E. C. (2010) · Maternal and Child Nutrition · doi:10.1111/j.1740-8709.2009.00232.x · Cited by 44
“The consistency of these findings with other studies (Bandura 1997; Hersey et al. 2001; Ammerman et al. 2002; Pelletier et al. 2004; Anderson et al. 2007; Crawford et al. 2007) suggests that incorporating techniques that build confidence (e.g. coaching, providing guided opportunities to apply…”
BackgroundResult
Do People Differentiate Between Intrinsic and Extrinsic Goals for Physical Activity?
McLachlan, S., & Hagger, M. S. (2011) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.33.2.273 · Cited by 50
A Role for Exercise in Attenuating Unhealthy Food Consumption in Response to Stress
Leow, S., Jackson, B., Alderson, J. A., Guelfi, K. J., & Dimmock, J. A. (2018) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu10020176 · Cited by 52
Assessing self-regulation strategies: development and validation of the tempest self-regulation questionnaire for eating (TESQ-E) in adolescents
de Vet, E., de Ridder, D. T. D., Stok, F. M., Brunsø, K., Băban, A., & Gaspar, T. (2014) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-014-0106-z · Cited by 46
The effects of “thin ideal” media on women's body image concerns and eating-related intentions: The beneficial role of an autonomous regulation of eating behaviors
Mask, L., & Blanchard, C. M. (2011) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2011.06.003 · Cited by 42
Motivations for Health and Their Associations With Lifestyle, Work Style, Health, Vitality, and Employee Productivity
van Scheppingen, A. R., de Vroome, E. M. M., ten Have, K. C. J. M., Zwetsloot, G. I. J. M., Bos, E. H., & van Mechelen, W. (2014) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000000143 · Cited by 43
The spinal stenosis pedometer and nutrition lifestyle intervention (SSPANLI): development and pilot
Tomkins‐Lane, C., Lafave, L. M. Z., Parnell, J. A., Rempel, J., Moriartey, S., Andreas, Y. M., Wilson, P. M., Hepler, C., Ray, H. A., & Hu, R. W. (2014) · The Spine Journal · doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2014.10.015 · Cited by 38
Motivation for Dental Home Care: Testing a Self‐Determination Theory Model1
Halvari, A. E. M., Halvari, H., Bjørnebekk, G., & Deci, E. L. (2012) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2011.00867.x · Cited by 43
Motivation for diet and exercise management among adults with type 2 diabetes
Oftedal, B. F., Bru, E., & Karlsen, B. (2011) · Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1471-6712.2011.00884.x · Cited by 37
The NoHoW protocol: a multicentre 2×2 factorial randomised controlled trial investigating an evidence-based digital toolkit for weight loss maintenance in European adults
Scott, S., Duarte, C., Encantado, J., Evans, E. H., Harjumaa, M., Heitmann, B. L., Horgan, G. W., Larsen, S. C., Marques, M. M., Mattila, E., et al. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029425 · Cited by 41
“68 Autonomous and controlled motivation are assessed using the Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3),(69) Regulation of Eating Behaviour Scale (REBS)(70) and Regulations for Weight Management Scale (adapted from the REBS).(70)”
Method
Women's global self-determination, eating regulation, and body dissatisfaction: Exploring the role of autonomy support
Kopp, L., & Zimmer‐Gembeck, M. J. (2011) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2011.02.003 · Cited by 36
Do Basic Psychological Needs Moderate Relationships Within the Theory of Planned Behavior?
Harris, J. M., & Hagger, M. S. (2007) · Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9861.2007.00013.x · Cited by 40
“Although this 2-week period is acknowledged as having value in terms of promoting health outcomes (Hagger et al., 2002a), future studies should focus on longer-range prediction (see Pelletier et al., 2004).”
Background
The Association between Physical Activity and Eating Self-Regulation in Overweight and Obese Women
Carraça, E. V., Silva, M. N., Coutinho, S. R., Vieira, P. N., Minderico, C. S., Sardinha, L. B., & Teixeira, P. J. (2013) · Obesity Facts · doi:10.1159/000356449 · Cited by 38
Effects of a Collective Family-Based Mobile Health Intervention Called “SMARTFAMILY” on Promoting Physical Activity and Healthy Eating: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Wunsch, K., Eckert, T., Fiedler, J., Cleven, L., Niermann, C. Y. N., Reiterer, H., Renner, B., & Wöll, A. (2020) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/20534 · Cited by 39
“For assessing dietary-related intrinsic motivation, the Regulation of Eating Behavior Scale [71] is used.”
Examining fat talk and self-compassion as distinct motivational processes in women’s eating regulation: A self-determination theory perspective
Guertin, C., Barbeau, K., & Pelletier, L. (2018) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105318781943 · Cited by 29
“Eating behaviors were measured using a revised version of the Healthy Eating Habits Scale (Guertin et al., 2017; Otis and Pelletier, 2008; Pelletier et al., 2004).”
InfluentialSelf-citation
Female Inmates with Diabetes: Results from Changes in a Prison Food Environment
Firth, C. L., Sazie, E., Hedberg, K., Drach, L. L., & Maher, J. E. (2015) · Women s Health Issues · doi:10.1016/j.whi.2015.07.009 · Cited by 37
Testing a Self-Determination Theory Model of Healthy Eating in a South African Township
Man, J. D., Wouters, E., Delobelle, P., Puoane, T. R., Daivadanam, M., Absetz, P., Remmen, R., & van Olmen, J. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02181 · Cited by 31
Self-determined or non-self-determined? Exploring consumer motivation for sustainable food choices
Schulze, M., & Janßen, M. (2023) · Sustainable Production and Consumption · doi:10.1016/j.spc.2023.12.028 · Cited by 39
Pretreatment for substance‐abusing people with intellectual disabilities: intervening on autonomous motivation for treatment entry
Frielink, N., Schuengel, C., Kroon, A., & Embregts, P. J. C. M. (2015) · Journal of Intellectual Disability Research · doi:10.1111/jir.12221 · Cited by 35
Predictors of Self-care among the Elderly with Diabetes Type 2: Using Social Cognitive Theory
Borhaninejad, V., Iranpour, A., Shati, M., Naghibzadeh‐Tahami, A., Yousefzadeh, G., & Fadayevatan, R. (2016) · Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2016.08.017 · Cited by 32
Why do women engage in fat talk? Examining fat talk using Self-Determination Theory as an explanatory framework
Guertin, C., Barbeau, K., Pelletier, L. G., & Martinelli, G. (2016) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.10.008 · Cited by 35
Self-citation
Can people make healthy changes to their diet and maintain them in the long term? A review of the evidence
Chapman, K. (2010) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2010.01.017 · Cited by 34
The Effectiveness of A School‐Based Nutrition Intervention on Children's Fruit, Vegetables, and Dairy Product Intake
Drapeau, V., Savard, M., Gallant, A. R., Nadeau, L., & Gagnon, J. (2016) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/josh.12385 · Cited by 38
I Should but I Can't: Controlled Motivation and Self-Efficacy Are Related to Disordered Eating Behaviors in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes
Eisenberg, M. H., Lipsky, L. M., Dempster, K. W., Liu, A., & Nansel, T. R. (2016) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.06.008 · Cited by 31
“Are you in full possession of your capacity?”. A mechanistic self-control approach at trait and state levels to predict different health behaviors
Forestier, C., Sarrazin, P. G., Allenet, B., Gauchet, A., Heuzé, J.-P., & Chalabaëv, A. (2018) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2018.05.044 · Cited by 31
“In contrast to Pelletier et al. (2004), who averaged the items of each subscale, we decided instead to sum the responses of each subscale to obtain the Healthy Diet Score (ranging from 4 to 28) and the Unhealthy Diet Score (ranging from 4 to 28).”
Method
The Role of Curiosity and Interest in Learning and Motivation
Shin, D. D., Lee, H. J., Lee, G., & Kim, S. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781316823279.020 · Cited by 31
Development and Validation of a Self-Determination Theory-Based Measure of Motivation to Exercise and Diet in Children
Pietrabissa, G., Rossi, A. A., Borrello, M., Manzoni, G. M., Mannarini, S., Castelnuovo, G., & Molinari, E. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01299 · Cited by 36
“…suggests SDT to be an interesting theoretical framework to examine motivational processes underlying disordered eating behaviors, previous studies (Pelletier et al., 2004a,b; Pelletier and Dion, 2007) did not include the contribution of basic psychological needs satisfaction in their explanatory…”
Background

Authors: Pelletier, L. G., Dion, S. C., Slovinec-D'Angelo, M., & Reid, R.
Affiliations: University of Ottawa (CA)
Corresponding author: Pelletier, Luc G.
ORCID: Pelletier, Luc G.
Reid, Robert
Venue: Motivation and Emotion
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2004-09
Volume: 28
Issue: 3
Pages: 245-277
ISSN: 0146-7239 (ISSN-L)
1573-6644
DOI: 10.1023/b:moem.0000040154.40922.14
OpenAlex: W1983546562
Cited by: 390
References: 64
Citations by year: 2026: 11 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 18
FWCI: 6.65
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (tdm)
www.springernature.com/gp/researchers/text-and-data-mining (vor)
Locations: Motivation and Emotion (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
Keywords: food intake regulation, autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, self-determination theory, dietary behavior change, healthy eating, dysfunctional eating, psychological adjustment, coronary artery disease risk, serum lipids, weight change, scale development

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Why Do You Regulate What You Eat? Relationships Between Forms of Regulation, Eating Behaviors, Sustained Dietary Behavior Change, and Psychological Adjustment

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