The DOI matches its Crossref record; 95 of the 95 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Chemical and Instrumental Approaches to Treat Hyperpigmentation
Abstract
Many modalities of treatment for acquired skin hyperpigmentation are available including chemical agents or physical therapies, but none are completely satisfactory. Depigmenting compounds should act selectively on hyperactivated melanocytes, without short‐ or long‐term side‐effects, and induce a permanent removal of undesired pigment. Since 1961 hydroquinone, a tyrosinase inhibitor, has been introduced and its therapeutic efficacy demonstrated, and other whitening agents specifically acting on tyrosinase by different mechanisms have been proposed. Compounds with depigmenting activity are now numerous and the classification of molecules, based on their mechanism of action, has become difficult. Systematic studies to assess both the efficacy and the safety of such molecules are necessary. Moreover, the evidence that bleaching compounds are fairly ineffective on dermal accumulation of melanin has prompted investigations on the effectiveness of physical therapies, such as lasers. This review which describes the different approaches to obtain depigmentation, suggests a classification of whitening molecules on the basis of the mechanism by which they interfere with melanogenesis, and confirms the necessity to apply standardized protocols to evaluate depigmenting treatments.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol, a natural product derived from grapes
Jang, M., Cai, L., Udeani, G. O., Slowing, K. V., Thomas, C. F., Beecher, C. W. W., Fong, H. H. S., Farnsworth, N. R., Kinghorn, A. D., Mehta, R. G., et al. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.275.5297.218 · Cited by 4,935
Selective Photothermolysis: Precise Microsurgery by Selective Absorption of Pulsed Radiation
Anderson, R. R., & Parrish, J. A. (1983) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.6836297 · Cited by 3,447
Alpha-lipoic acid as a biological antioxidant
Packer, L., Witt, E. H., & Tritschler, H. J. (1995) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/0891-5849(95)00017-r · Cited by 1,979
Subbaramaiah, K., Chung, W. J., Michaluart, P., Telang, N., Tanabe, T., Inoue, H., Jang, M., Pezzuto, J. M., & Dannenberg, A. J. (1998) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.273.34.21875 · Cited by 786
Meier, B., Radeke, H. H., Selle, S., Younes, M., Sies, H., Resch, K., & Habermehl, G. G. (1989) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bj2630539 · Cited by 654
(1992) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/c2009-0-03380-7 · Cited by 591
Arbutin: mechanism of its depigmenting action in human melanocyte culture
Maeda, K., & Fukuda, M. (1996) · The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3565(25)12357-4 · Cited by 533
Reactive Oxygen Species Mediate Cytokine Activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal Kinases
Lo, Y. Y. C., Wong, J. M. S., & Cruz, T. F. (1996) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.271.26.15703 · Cited by 497
The effect of niacinamide on reducing cutaneous pigmentation and suppression of melanosome transfer
Hakozaki, T., Minwalla, L., Zhuang, J., Chhoa, M., Matsubara, A., Miyamoto, K., Greatens, A., Hillebrand, G. G., Bissett, D. L., & Boissy, R. E. (2002) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04834.x · Cited by 488
A New Formula for Depigmenting Human Skin
Kligman, A. M. (1975) · Archives of Dermatology · doi:10.1001/archderm.111.1.40 · Cited by 449
Cited by
Mechanisms regulating skin pigmentation: The rise and fall of complexion coloration
Ebanks, J. P., Wickett, R. R., & Boissy, R. E. (2009) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms10094066 · Cited by 323
Su, T.-R., Lin, J.-J., Tsai, C.-C., Huang, T.-K., Yang, Z.-Y., Wu, M.-O., Zheng, Y.-Q., Su, C.-C., & Wu, Y.-J. (2013) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms141020443 · Cited by 156
Skin whitening cosmetics: feedback and challenges in the development of natural skin lighteners
Burger, P., Landreau, A., Azoulay, S., Michel, T., & Fernandez, X. (2016) · Cosmetics · doi:10.3390/cosmetics3040036 · Cited by 152
Tengamnuay, P., Pengrungruangwong, K., Pheansri, I., & Likhitwitayawuid, K. (2006) · International Journal of Cosmetic Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-2494.2006.00339.x · Cited by 85
Pimentel, F. B., Alves, R. C., Harnedy, P. A., FitzGerald, R. J., & Oliveira, M. B. P. P. (2019) · Trends in Food Science & Technology · doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2019.09.006 · Cited by 81
Metadata
- Authors
- Briganti, S., Camera, E., & Picardo, M.
- Venue
- Pigment Cell Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2003-03-05
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 101-110
- ISSN
- 0893-5785 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0749
- OpenAlex
- W2071805371
- Cited by
- 837
- References
- 95
- FWCI
- 5.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Chemical and Instrumental Approaches to Treat Hyperpigmentation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1034/j.1600-0749.2003.00029.x
- The paper
- Briganti, S., Camera, E., & Picardo, M. (2003). Chemical and Instrumental Approaches to Treat Hyperpigmentation. Pigment Cell Research. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0749.2003.00029.x
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
