Muscle performance, sex hormones and training in peri‐menopausal and post‐menopausal women
Abstract
Age‐related deterioration in muscle performance is one of the major reasons for decreased functional capacity and disability in older people. In women, impaired muscle performance has already been observed during peri‐menopause in concert with rapid and dramatic decrease in ovarian hormone production. This observation suggests that female sex steroids may have an important role among other agents in regulating muscle performance in middle‐aged and older women. Previous experimental studies have shown that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and intensive physical training have positive effects on muscle force and explosive power in healthy post‐menopausal women. Hormone replacement therapy in combination with physical training may exert even greater gains in muscle performance than HRT and training alone. Despite the significant mean increase in muscle force and power by HRT and/or training, a considerable variability in the individual responses is observed. The mechanism, by which female sex steroids act on muscle performance, is still unclear. Therefore, more research is needed in order to explore all the pathways, by which these steroids could act on skeletal muscle in peri‐menopausal and post‐menopausal women.
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This decline in regenerative capacity is thought to be directly related to findings that estrogen is associated with maintenance of muscle strength in pre- and postmenopausal women and suggests a role for ERs in skeletal muscle maintenance.
“This decline in regenerative capacity is thought to be directly related to findings that estrogen is associated with maintenance of muscle strength in pre- and postmenopausal women (69) and suggests a role for ERs in skeletal muscle maintenance (64, 84, 85, 88).”
From Sex-Based Differences in Skeletal Muscle Kinetics and Fiber-Type Composition (2015) · cites this paper as [84]
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- Authors
- Sipilä, S., & Poutamo, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Jyväskylä (FI)
- Central Finland Health Care District (FI)
- Corresponding author
- Sipilä, S.
- ORCID
- Sipilä, S.
- Venue
- Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2003-01-14
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 19-25
- ISSN
- 0905-7188 (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0838
- OpenAlex
- W2159824843
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Menopause: Health Impacts and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Keywords
- muscle performance, sex hormones, estrogen, perimenopause, postmenopause, hormone replacement therapy, exercise training, muscle force, explosive power, skeletal muscle, aging, women
- MeSH terms
- Climacteric, Estrogens, Female, Humans, Physical Education and Training, Estrogen Replacement Therapy, Postmenopause, Muscle, Skeletal
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